PENANG INTERNATIONAL INVENTION, INNOVATION AND DESIGN COMPETITION 2021

The oral dosage form as carrier of natural anticancer drug is prepared by hybriding organic and inorganic materials namely gelatin and zeolite Y. Both zeolite Y and gelatin are easily obtained, where as gelatin has been used as drug coating materials worldwide while zeolite Y has been tested safe for ingestion. The natural anticancer drug, zerumbone is synthesized from Zingiber Zerumbet L Smith rhizomes which is a pine cone ginger or so called as 'lempoyang' in Malaysia is grown locally  and can be found in abundance in our country. Both gelatin and zeolite Y xan be purchase with economical cost, while the the process of synthesizing and obtaining zerumbone is much more cheaper as compared to synthetic chemotherapy drugs. Usually, coating materials tend to utilize single material for drug release, but hardly achieving prolonged drug delivery. That is why, most drugs need to be taken repeatedly for a single day. For a disease that required longer treatment time, it is very inconvenient to take pills multiple times daily. Hence, by designing a hybrid material, a prolonged single dosage daily of drug release can be achived. Moreover, despite successfully treat cervical cancer, synthetic chemotherapy drugs resulted in unacceptable, painful and intolerable  endless list of side effects. Hence, nature is the best source of drugs in terms of overcoming cell toxicity and adverse reaction as well as improving chemotherapy treatment efficiency. Moreover, medicinal plants and herbs were practiced since ancient time to help humans to pursue for better health and treat ailments, as many researches have showed the ability of zerumbone in cervical cancer prevention and cure. The preparation of drug loaded hybrid material is first achieved by loading zerumbone into porous structure of zeolite via simple soaking method. After that, the drug loaded zeolite Y is homogenously dispersed into gelatin solution and pelletized by releasing the mixture drop wise from a syringe (60 ºC) into a cooled sunflower oil-glutaraldehyde mixture (10 ºC) with constant stirring for 24 hours.The resulting composites were decanted, freed of sunflower oil by  repeated washings with isopropyl alcohol and finally air dried before kept into dessicator. The hybrid sample is then characterized into various characterization methods and undergo in-vitro drug release studies in both stimulated acidic and basic environments that mimic human gastroinestinal tract. Then, kinetics study is done to determine which mechanism that govern the zerumbone release. Through these analyses, the hybrid of zeolite Y and gelatin has shown to prolong the delivery of zerumbone for 24 hours, hence achieving the goals of producing a single dosage form of drug release daily. Other than that, this product prototype has great potential to open up the possibility to be the first oral form of natural chemo drug delivery, as intravenous (IV) is the only way of delivering chemo drugs for cervical cancer treatment.  Moreover, this project also could open up the possibility of mass plantation of 'lempoyang' as one of Malaysian herbs.

Designing landfill soil liner is essential in ensuring that the soil structure can hold the weight of waste on landfill and prevent the liquid waste known as leachate from infiltrating into the groundwater. Previous practice on soil liner landfill has created high cost as soil replacement, laboratory testing, and field test conduct or soil treatment needed to considered to increase the strength and improve the soil liner properties. Bentonite and lime are usually used as soil remediation to enhance the soil liner properties. However, the cost of manufacture and sustainable material consideration need to alert. This project aims to analyze soil liner properties to treat with new green technology known as geopolymer to achieve the sustainable effect from the industrial waste of palm oil boiler ash as source material. Different percentages of boiler ash-based geopolymer are used and investigated to enhance the properties of laterite soil, which this study focuses on identifying the physical, compaction, and hydraulic conductivity. Mix design consist of different percentages of geopolymer (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were added to laterite soil. Based on the compaction test result, 15% of geopolymer in laterite soil indicated the best-mixed design. The result shows a maximum dry density of 2.23 Mg/m3 and moisture content of 13.58%. According to compaction measurement, a high value of maximum dry density reduces the air voids, thereby reducing hydraulic conductivity gives 3.25x10-10(m/s). This conclusion concludes that geopolymer technology as additives develops new liner design, reduces hydraulic conductivity, and sustains the environment.

Towards green technology nowadays, waste materials are one of the main concern to be considered. Therefore, in this study, the silica gel 60 and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) which a product from industrial waste and biomass were use as the recycled material to produce waterproofing coating for concrete. By using CNFs as the recycle material, the reducing of waste material in industry system can be done in fact it can contributed to reduce the cost of producing the coating for concrete.

Therefore, this study focuses on prevention of water ingress from entering the concrete by applying waterproofing coating on the surface layer. Several tests were conducted to evaluate the evaluate physical and mechanical properties of the coating on concrete. Normal concrete cubes with 30 n/mm² design strength were used in all tests. The coated and uncoated concrete samples were subjected to surface assessment, ultrasonic pulse velocity, static contact angle, and compressive strength.

The samples were tilted to let the water droplet dropped. As a result, the water droplet on CNFs coating leaves almost no stain behind. This was followed by CNFs coating can provide near superhydrophobic layer surface with water repellent and self-cleaning property. It was found that the samples with CNFs coating shows the pulse velocity is 4.670 km/s by using ultrasonic concrete equipment which have excellent grade quality of concrete. This was followed by CNFs coating can provide near superhydrophobic layer surface with constant static contact angle of 134.1° by using goniometer equipment. As a result, the water droplet on cnfs coating leaves little stain behind. Concrete strength of the samples was not affected by CNFs coating since it’s covering only on the outer surface layer unless it was mixed with the concrete during the casting stage. The compressive strength proves it when tested done on the concrete with the mean strength of 42.03 n/mm2. As the conclusion, all the tested show that this environmental friendly of this biomass waste can produced good concrete coating.

Production of conventional bricks does have significant impact on the environment due to its firing process which involving high energy and emitted high carbon footprint. Besides, the agricultural waste in abundant causes social and environmental issues. Various research in finding the alternatives to conventional brick production have been conducted in effort to reduce the environment fault. Rising interest in producing ultimately green and environmental friendly building materials has opened up to the method called Compressed Stabilized Earth Brick (CSEB). This technique was found as one of the best solution regarding the environmental fault issues. In this study, the production of CSEB by addition of durian peel fiber to the brick mix was further utilized the agricultural waste of durian skin and assessed for its mechanical and physical properties. With the proper used of stabilizer, CSEB is proven to demonstrate a comparable strength and durability compared to a burnt clay bricks. It was found that the 3% of durian fibre addition in CSEB is the best mix as it recorded the highest compressive strength over time and have decreasing pattern of water absorption rate over time.

Cabaran utama kepada guru untuk menyediakan pelbagai sumber bagi melaksanakan pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang efektif dan berkualiti serta relevan dengan perkembangan semasa. Frozen Box (FB) diaplikasi dalam satu keadaan yang terkawal, berfokus kepada domain afektif, pembelajaran secara kognitif dan psikomotor, FB dibina menggunakan peti sejuk terpakai yang dikitar semula, diperkenalkan untuk memberikan alternatif kepada guru dalam amalan membaca dan aktiviti motor halus kanak-kanak prasekolah dan murid-murid tahap satu.  Objektif kajian ini menumpukan kepada amalan guru membantu kebolehan kanak-kanak meningkatkan kemahiran membaca suku kata melalui aktiviti mengecam, memadan dan melengkapkan suku kata dan bermain, contoh bermain dengan puzzle yang dijadikan bahan rangsangan kemahiran pengamatan.  Kajian dijalankan di sekolah rendah sekitar daerah  Seremban. Model  Kemmis dan McTaggart (1988) digunakan sebagai panduan dalam kajian tindakan ini. Kaedah pengumpulan data menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu kaedah pemerhatian yang direkodkan.  Bahan asas yang digunakan untuk membina FB berasaskan peti sejuk terpakai, magnet berwarna-warni, kad suku kata, laminating film dan puzzle fabrik. Aktiviti FB sesuai dilaksanakan secara berbengkel bersama kanak-kanak dan ibu bapa, semasa mengaplikasi FB kanak-kanak akan saling berlumba antara satu sama lain untuk melengkapkan suku kata dan puzzle dan akan menerbitkan suasana ceria dan keazaman untuk menang dalam diri kanak-kanak. Produk FB dalam bentuk peti sejuk yang telah diubahsuai dan buku FB yang telah mendapat nombor ISBN daripada Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan  kanak-kanak dapat meningkatkan kebolehan mengenal dan melengkapkan suku kata menggunakan FB yang bercirikan bermain sambil belajar, selain dapat membantu guru meningkatkan pengurusan tingkah laku kanak-kanak.

Rayyan Rayna Colourful Dough -Aromatic Dough (RRCD-AD) adalah hasil cetusan idea untuk mengganti dough berwarna-warni yang boleh didapati di pasaran. Dough di pasaran kurang selamat, kerana bahan asasnya ada campuran bahan kimia yang tidak diketahui tahap selamat boleh digunakan. RRCD-AD dihasilkan berasaskan tepung gandum dan dicampur dengan bahan semula jadi tumbuh-tumbuhan yang berwarna dan mengeluarkan bau atau aroma yang menyenangkan dan garam halus dicampurkan sebagai bahan pengawet, supaya dough kekal tahan digunakan. RRCD-AD sesuai untuk latihan motor halus, terapi jari-jemari, latihan diskriminasi bau, diskriminasi rasa dan visual kanak-kanak. Sesuai untuk pendidikan awal kanak-kanak, prasekolah, kanak-kanak pendidikan khas dan murid di arus perdana persekolahan.

Fish feeding is one of the crucial forms of intensification of the fish-farming process. Correct fish feeding in farming allows increasing productivity of fish. Fishery Feedbot 4.0 is an Internet of Things (IoT) system that not just used to feed aquatic animal but also has a real data sensor, data capture and analyze pellet consumption. This smart system is designed to feed fish automatically based on the time set by the owner. The development of this project is to focus not just for pet fish owner, also fish farmers or pisciculture who raises fish commercially in tanks or as industrial entrepreneur breeder. It also can be used for aquarium or pond owner in offices, public parks, schools and etc. Where it will assist them in term of difficulties like shortage manpower, no centralize data on the monthly consumption on the fish pellets and have a scheduled feeding time and system. The methodology used for the development is an agile method and NodeMCU is used for the main component to build the hardware-assisted Blynk Cloud as the database. This project intended to address the effectiveness of having an IoT related-smart feeding system over the manual ways to feed while storing data.

Portable Optical Fiber Cable Installation and Mensuration Supporting Tools or PrOCIMST is an innovative product designed as a portable support device for measurement and installation involving work on fiber optic cables. It is built for the purpose of simplifying the internal wiring work process involving fiber optic cables. This tool was created to assist workers in the field of fiber optic cable installation to accurately measure the amount of cable usage while on site. It also facilitates tool movement and work ergonomics during fiber optic cables during measurement and installation activities.. This tool has been proven effective in assisting the installation and measurement work of the amount of fiber optic cables used by Unifi contractors from location of Distribution Point (DP) to the Optical Network Unit (ONU). This tool is able to save on the cost of cable use based on the actual measurement of the distance of use compared to conventional methods that use the concept of approximate distance alone. It is produced together with the user manual, developed at a reasonable cost, easy to carry, light and user friendly. PrOCIMST have high commercial value potential and have received some early orders from several fiber optic cable installation contractor companies. This tool is expected to have a high impact on the industry related to the installation of fiber optic broadband in Malaysia and abroad.

Pendekatan guru penting untuk mewujudkan suasana pembelajaran yang aktif, disiplin murid dalam keadaan yang terkawal dan kelas menjadi kondusif. Hasil tinjauan pengkaji, kelas  menjadi kurang menarik kerana guru kurang menitik beratkan masalah disiplin yang timbul seperti bising yang keterlaluan, ponteng kelas dan tidak aktif ketika pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Pengkaji telah membina carta token bermodul yang dinamakan Economic Token VS Grand Token (ET VS GT), di mana guru mengaplikasi perjanjian disiplin dengan murid ketika pengajaran dan pembelajaran dilaksanakan. Kajian ini mengaplikasi Teori Behavioris dikenali sebagai teori tingkah laku yang mengutamakan pembelajaran. Dapatan menunjukkan pengajaran dan pembelajaran berjalan dengan lancar apabila guru dan kanak-kanak bersetuju tingkah laku sasaran yang akan diberi peneguhan, melalui kontrak yang telah dipersetujui menggunakan ET VS GT yang tidak mudah diselewengkan.

Keupayaan fizikal dan kognitif kanak-kanak berkait rapat dengan kemahiran pengamatan yang diperlukan dalam proses pembelajaran kanak-kanak. Objektif inovasi ini bertujuan untuk membantu kanak-kanak meningkatkan keupayaan kemahiran pengamatan visual kanak-kanak. Kemahiran pengamatan visual berkait rapat dengan kebolehan kanak-kanak dalam aktiviti baca dan tulis. Inovasi yang dinamakan Kit Pengamatan Visual (KPV), dihasilkan berasaskan bahan daripada fabrik kosong yang berwarna-warni, fabrik ada cetakan watak atau corak. Aktiviti kemahiran pengamatan diskriminasi visual yang diberi penekanan dalam KPV adalah aktiviti memadan, mengkategori, melengkapkan, mencari benda tersembunyi dan mencari jalan pulang.  Hasil penyebarluasan menunjukkan KPV dapat membantu kanak-kanak memantapkan kemahiran pengamatan diskriminasi visual. KPV boleh dihasilkan secara hands-on oleh kanak-kanak sendiri, KPV mengandungi beberapa set bahan yang bercirikan konsep pembelajaran aktif dan didik hibur.

Peralatan yang sesuai untuk membuat kerja di bengkel sangat penting. Peralatan yang mudah digunakan dan selamat. Masalah memotong paip besi atau PVC  kami perhatikan semasa  bekerja di bengkel motorsikal.  Kesukaran yang dihadapi apabila perlu memotong paip besi dan mendapatkan potongan paip besi yang ukurannya tepat. Berdasarkan pengalaman sendiri dan melalui pemerhatian, apabila hendak memotong besi perlukan bantuan sekurang-kurangnya dua orang untuk memusing paip besi untuk memudahkan kerja pemotongan. Alat yang kumpulan kami hasilkan berukuran kecil dan mudah dibawa kemana-mana. Ianya dinamakan Pipe Roller Support (PRS). Ianya dapat mengurangkan kebarangkalian untuk paip besi atau PVC tersilap dipotong mengikut ukuran yang dikehendaki. Kumpulan sasaran pensyarah, guru dan pelajar teknikal dan vokasional. Selain itu ianya juga boleh dimanfaatkan untuk industri pembinaan, kilang dan workshop.

Until January 2021, there are 200,000 cases due to Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia. To counter this situation, the government has introduced standard operation procedure (SOP). One of the SOP is to check in at visited places. People can check in either by using MySejahtera application or manually register in a logbook. From observation conducted at household outlet mall in Pasir Gudang, 58% percent of people ages from 50 to 60 years old preferred to use manual check-in. However, they also worried about the cleanliness of the pen shared among visited people there. Because of that, a product called Anti-Germs Pen Holder was introduced. The objective is to ensure that the pen used for manual check in is free from germs. The effectiveness of this product depends on properties of sanitize liquid. Anti-Germs Pen Holder was built by using 3D printer and novelty design. It has three main parts which are pen holder, sanitize liquid container, and stand. This product has huge market and commercial values as a hygiene product. It is potential to be marketed to malls, restaurants, health screen centres, and even at government offices

This project is an official souvenir design made specifically for UiTM Kelantan Branch which is produced through the expertise of lecturers from the Faculty of Art & Design under the Visual Arts Centre (VAC) unit. The main purpose of producing this product is to introduce UiTM Kelantan Branch through the design of new official souvenirs that have their own identity as well as to generate income for the faculty. Introducing UiTM Kelantan Branch through the design of official souvenirs that have their own identity different from other institutions. Generate income to the Visual Arts Center (VAC) Unit, FSSR, UiTM Kelantan Branch. This project has been commercialized at a cost of RM19,500 for a total of 120 units. Such projects have the potential to be commercialized in other agencies with their own local identity.

This project focuses on the invention of 1 Gang switched socket 13 Amp, is an effective switched socket without looping work that safer, time saving, less laborious and more productive. This invention with minimal cost yet successfully produced and has been tested by experts and testified by a wireman. Namely as 1 GANG E-S-S PRO 13 Amp : stand for “Effective Switched Socket” aims a holistic solution for difficult and dangerous looping works when the extension to another 1 Gang switched socket up to normal six socket outlets. This 1 Gang E-S-S PRO 13 Amp is designed to solve the issue of connection error of wires for looping that leads to short circuit caused by loose looping, mis-matched wires and loose screws as wires inside the switched socket were too bulky.   Wireman has testified that 1 Gang E-S-S PRO 13 Amp eased his wiring work and shortened the time, also it is much recommended to be commercialized. The prototype of 1 Gang E-S-S PRO 13 Amp was tested and resulted positive circuit happened with positive read. The 1 Gang E-S-S PRO 13 Amp has been tested by the professional in electrical and electronic using authentic tester such as ELCB & Socket Tester and Digital Clamp Meter has proven there is positive circuit in both INLET and OUTLET switched socket.  This 1 Gang E-S-S PRO 13 Amp suitable to be commercialized in countries that applied Type G switched socket such as Malaysia, Singapore, United Kingdom, and more.

Suspect Identification System Based on Forensic Sketch is an automatic mugshot retrieval system based on an input face sketch. The system is mainly developed to assist law enforcement to narrow down the criminal suspects when there is no other evident except a forensic sketch. It sorts and displays the most similar to the less similar mugshot (from a database) against the given sketch. The search engine is built upon the newly introduced descriptor known as Difference of Gaussian Oriented Gradient Histogram (DoGOGH). Unlike the traditional retrieval method, which usually neglect the effects of illumination variation, this system gives a special treatment to this effect to end up with a better retrieval rate. Based on this capability, SketchSIS is proven to be effective in short listing criminal suspects from the given forensic sketch. Figure 1 shows the Graphical User Interface (GUI) of the SketchSIS.

Agarwood essential oil is well known and it is highly sought after worldwide due to its various usages such as incense, traditional medicine, and perfumes. High quality Agarwood essential oil carries an expensive price tag, unfortunately, until now, the method to ascertain its quality is based on an age old manual techniques. This research proposes an integrated intelligent technique to grade the Agarwood essential oil by the implementation of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) technique with the three different training algorithms; Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG), Levenberg Marquardt (LM) and Resilient Backpropagation (RBP). The MLP training algorithms were used as a classifier for grading Agarwood essential oil compounds into its different quality grades. The work involved raw data consisting of Agarwood essential oil samples of various quality grades, corresponding to the abundances (%) of Agarwood essential oil compounds. The Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) algorithms were trained to classify the input data into proper quality grades. All the analytical works were performed using MATLAB software version R2017a. Based on the results, it was found that Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) presented the highest accuracy which was 100% for all training, validation and testing dataset with the lowest MSE at the epoch 48. The finding in this research can contributed to give benefit to the Agarwood essential oil industries, and also may offer a new perspective to the old manual technique being practice now.

Energy consumption of consumer electronics at university has been increasing over the past half century. However, the energy wastes also increase from time to time.  Energy waste occurred due to electrical components are left running either the user is there or not. Therefore, this project focuses on providing the solution to the university to overcome the energy waste problem. This project aims to research, build, test and implement a Small-Scale Energy Monitoring Based IOT System that for electrical appliances for example air-conditioner. This device can detect expected energy usage and the user can monitor the energy usage at their own computer. To achieve this task, a device that contains database and hardware development is proposed. NodeMCU Lolin V3 ESP8266 is a lightweight and specialized computing programmable computer. The final aim is to observe the energy usage by monitoring it at PC. This Small Scale IOT Based Energy Monitoring System allow for the usage energy data from each unit to be collected and each data will be stored at database and the client can monitor the energy usage by using PC.

Thulium lasers usually operate at the longer mid-infrared (IR) wavelength region and they have been extensively used for various medical applications. Q-switched lasers, on the other hand, are also useful for many other industrial applications such as metal cutting, range finding, holography and sensing applications. Conventional thulium lasers are based on free-space solid-state lasers, which are expensive to be maintained as they require precise optical alignments over time and they are extremely bulky. Meanwhile, fiber lasers use optical fibers as the light-guiding medium and they do not require complicated alignments as they could be easily joint by fusion splicing or by using optical connectors. They are also more flexible as they could be easily bent or spooled while still being able to guide light effectively. As such, we have developed a compact Q-switched thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) that is fully fiberized. With the use of a novel molybdenum tungsten disulfide (MoWS₂) film as the passive Q-switcher, the laser generates stable microsecond pulses in the 2 µm wavelength region. A passive Q-switcher is easier to be integrated into the laser system as it is compact and does not require the use of external drivers and generators compared to the use of an active Q-switcher such as modulators. The 2 µm wavelength region is famously known as the “eye-safe” region, as light in this wavelength range is strongly absorbed in the eye's cornea and lens, and therefore could not reach the significantly more sensitive retina. This makes lasers in this wavelength region suitable for medical applications such as surgery, urology and tissue ablation. The compact Q-switched TDFL being developed in this project could replace the bulkier conventional lasers as it is space-efficient and also portable. In the laser industry, Malaysia has yet to manufacture its own lasers, especially fiber lasers. The existing lasers are mostly imported from Russia, Germany, the USA, to name a few. A successful commercialization of our developed Q-switched TDFL would therefore, be a stepping stone in the laser industry in Malaysia. The newly introduce technology could lead to the establishment of spin out companies as well as a creation of new processes and services. This also include the potential for employment in SMEs to manufacture the fiber lasers, as well as new jobs in marketing and sales. The project is also in line with the National Policy on Industry 4.0 to acquire knowledge and technological advancement in advanced materials and to develop highly skilled work force for the high-technology industry.

SKPKVBW1.0 merupakan satu sistem berkos rendah untuk merekodkan dan memaparkan maklumat kehadiran pelajar ke sekolah secara langsung di atas talian
internet. Guru dapat mencapai maklumat kehadiran pelajar dengan cepat di mana sahaja guru itu berada. Sistem ini dibangunkan bagi mengatasi masalah guru perlu ke
kelas untuk memeriksa kehadiran atau bertanya kepada ketua kelas untuk kehadiran kelasnya. Guru juga tiada sumber rekod yang mudah dicapai bagi melihat kehadiran
hari-hari terdahulu bagi kelasnya. Pelajar-pelajar yang lewat pula terpaksa menulis di dalam buku rekod lewat setiap kali mereka lewat ke sekolah. Guru disiplin perlu
mengambil buku tersebut dan menaip kembali ke dalam komputer bagi tujuan merekodkan kehadiran pelajar yang lewat. Guru bertugas mingguan pula tiada
sumber yang mudah dicapai dan cepat untuk melihat bilangan pelajar yang lewat bagi tujuan membuat laporan. Objektif SKPKVBW1.0 dibangunkan ialah
memudahkan guru mengetahui maklumat kehadiran pelajar secara cepat dan direkodkan secara sistematik serta mudah dicapai menerusi talian internet. Pengurusan rekod pelajar lewat turut dapat dipercepatkan dan dipermudahkan. SKPKVBW1.0 juga dibangunkan bagi mengatasi kos sistem dan komputer yang mahal
dengan menggunakan Raspberry Pi 3 B+ yang mesra teknologi 4.0 dan murah bagi tujuan merekodkan dan menghantar maklumat kehadiran terus ke pelayan bagi
tujuan penyimpanan maklumat. Kos bagi ruang penyimpanan maklumat dan hosting laman web turut dapat dijimatkan apabila maklumat hanya disimpan di dalam
Google Drive dalam bentuk Google Spreadsheet dan paparan maklumat menggunakan Google Site. Kelajuan dan kestabilan pelayan Google turut dapat
memastikan maklumat kehadiran pelajar dapat dicapai dengan cepat dan mudah pada bila-bila masa sahaja. Penambahbaikan yang boleh dibuat pula ialah
SKPKVBW1.0 perlu dilengkapi dengan alat RTC (Real Time Clock) bagi membolehkan masa yang dicatatkan untuk kehadiran pelajar menjadi lebih tepat berbanding
menggunakan masa maklumat kehadiran seseorang pelajar tersebut sampai di pelayan atas talian.

Disease such as the Covid-19 pandemic has forced all higher education institutions online to ensure that the learning process continues. However, it is quite challenging to facilitate face-to-face learning to a virtual platform, particularly on a subject that involves practical activities such as programmable logic controllers (PLC). The water level control system simulator is therefore necessary as it is a part of the laboratory exercise in the PLC subject. The development of the system has two key components involved: (1) Coding where the code is built using the ladder diagram in the CX-Programmer software with the use of the function block to build space for the tank and (2) the programme simulator is developed using CX-Designer tools as a practical water level device implementation. The idea of the simulator is that the user has to create a PLC ladder programming to control the water level in the tank and then test it on the water level simulator system with the correct input and output addresses. The performance of the programming can be viewed on the simulator by users. The developed simulator is also being tested by a group of students and a survey has been conducted to obtain the students' perspective on the simulator.

In the development of electronics technology, there are many types of electronic components in this industry. This leads to many problems in the management of components. Some of the most common problems are unnecessary repeat purchases, time-consuming storage, poor management of existing parts and mistakes that could have been avoided. Management of such variety of components has been a typical issue among various organizations. Huge time and money were invested in the management of these items. Consider the following scenarios: 1.When the item is available, but its location is unknown. 2. When an item is available, but it cannot be searched due to time constraint. In the above listed scenarios, there is no full utilization of the available items. The proposed framework aims to design a Smart Component Box that helps the operator to organize and manage a cluster of items by enabling hands free searching and maintain a database of all the components, which keeps track of the name, location, available quantity and search tags of each component. Adding on to that, we can also know the stock of the components as it shows the flow of in and out of the components.

Pam Sos Tanpa Sentuh atau singkatanya PSTS adalah bekas penyimpanan sos yang menggunakan pam secara automatik bagi mengeluarkan sos. PSTS ini dihasilkan bagi membantu industri pemakanan di Malaysia terutama francais makanan segera seperti KFC, McDonald dan sebagainya untuk memudahkan pengambilan sos tanpa sentuh. PSTS ini direka bentuk dengan menggunakan gabungan hardware dan software iaitu Adaptor 12V, Litar Arduino Mega dan litar Relay di samping menggunakan software Proteus dan sketchup. PSTS ini mampu membantu proses mengambil sos dengan lebih mudah,menjimatkan masa dan tenaga. Selain itu PSTS mudah dikendalikan, senang dibawa dan sesuai untuk musim pandamic Covid-19 yang memerlukan keadaan kurang sentuhan dalam pelbagai aspek. PSTS ini mampu memberikan impak yang terbaik kepada industri perusahaan makanan segera secara IKS atau komersial di Malaysia dalam memberikan perkhidmatan yang lebih menjimatkan masa dan tenaga pengguna di samping kurangnya proses penyelenggaraan.

SpeciPark atau singkatanya SPARK adalah sistem keselamatan memarkir kenderaan golongan OKU dengan menggunakan sistem kad OKU dihubungkan dengan sistem RFID. SPARK ini dihasilkan bagi membela nasib pengguna parkir OKU di Malaysia terutama sekali bagi mereka yang tidak mendapat hak mereka untuk parkir di tempat khas serta memudahkan urusan pengawal keselamatan. SPARK dibangunkan menggunakan gabungan hardware dan software iaitu Multi Voltage Power Supply 12V, Litar Arduino Uno R3, Litar RFID, Litar Ultrasonic, Litar penggera dan Litar Relay di samping menggunakan software Proteus, Fritzing dan sketchup serta reka bentuk yang menarik. SPARK ini mampu menjamin keselamatan pengguna parkir OKU di Malaysia, menjimatkan masa dan menggurangkan tenaga kerja pengawal keselamatan. Inovasi ini mampu menyumbang kepada pengurangan kes jenayah penyalahgunaan parkir OKU. SPARK ini sesuai disarankan kepada pihak kerajaan untuk mempertingkatkan kemudahan parkir OKU serta boleh dipasarkan kepada syarikat pasaraya dan mana-mana kawasan yang memerlukan parkir khas di Malaysia serta pasaran luar negara.

Uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) are widely used to deliver reliable and high-quality power to critical loads under all grid conditions. This project proposes a UPS system for low power applications. The proposed UPS consists of a boost DC-DC converter, and an inverter. The single- The low battery bank voltage is stepped up to high dc-link voltage by employing a high voltage gain boost converter, thus allows the reduction of battery bank to only 24 V parallel connected batteries. Operating batteries in parallel improves the battery performance and resolves the issues related to conventional battery banks that arrange the batteries in series combination. The inverter provides regulated output voltage to the load. Operating principle and simulation results have been presented for the validation of proposed system.

This project is focused on minimizing the work for security guard which allow them to monitor the vehicle and safety in the parking area efficiently. In addition, the security guard also have a full control on lighting and ventilator system. This project requires Proteus 8, Arduino IDE and Blynk application to run the simulation. This Smart Parking System achieved the objectives which are design an IoT based parking system that uses online networking platform for display and integrate the proposed vehicle parking system with cloud networking and user GUI interface. This project is done by making the connection on Proteus. Then, the codes have been written in the Arduino IDE and have been verified and compiled. Then the codes will be uploaded to the Arduino Uno board. Next, the VSPE (Virtual Serial Port Emulator) is used to connect the Proteus 8 software to the Blynk application. Then, the command prompt is used to connect Blynk application to the Blynk server. After that, the simulation will be run. Based on the simulation, this Smart Parking System can show the available parking space on LCD which located in front of the entrance. Moreover, this system also managed to indicate whether the parking slots are occupied or available. Besides that, the system is able to control the lighting and ventilator, and it also can detect the smoke from any burning incident inside the parking area. This action will give the alert to the security guard and send data to valve of water sprinkler to operate. Based on the statement that have been given, this system has been made to ease the work of drivers and security guards.

A conceptual and electrical design of IoT based smart greenhouse for dragon fruit plant is an automatic system that was developed for farming activities which focuses on a specific care of the dragon fruit plant. This automatic system was simulated in two different simulating software which is the Proteus 8 Professional and a ThingSpeak Cloud. The Proteus 8 Professional was used to construct the circuit of the system which include Arduino Uno as a microcontroller, Wi-fi module for the IoT gateway and a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) virtual terminal to send notification alert to the user’s phone. This system includes an automated temperature control system and a lighting system. The temperature control system is capable to maintain the surrounding temperature by controlling the system’s actuator (fan). The temperature control system is needed to ensure the dragon fruit plant stays in an optimum temperature. Meanwhile, the lighting system is used to provide a good source of lighting to the dragon fruit plant whenever there is a low presence of lights.

This project titled “Smart Cigarette Smoke Detector” was proposed to help the authorities enforce the law of no smoking in the public area especially in the non-smoking zone such as restaurants, offices, and others. Nowadays, the habit of smoking can be foundeverywhere. Some smokers are very ignorant thus they smoke without considering other people from the surrounding. Based on statistics and studies conducted by professionals, cigarette smoke is more dangerous when inhaled by individuals who do not smoke. It can affect the health of people and can lead to many diseases such as coronary heart diseases, respiratory infections, asthma attacks, and others. Hence, this project will be implemented in the nonsmoking zone to monitor the activity of smoking among smokers. The schematic circuit of the cigarette smoke detector was drawn and simulated using Proteus and Arduino software. By  implementing the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT), the notifications will be sent to the user via Blynk cloud if the cigarette smoke was detected. In addition, the image capture operation was added to help the user or the owner of the specific building to recognize the face of the smoker. The system of image capture was written in Javascript using Sublime Text Editor. Other than notifications, the email also will be sent to the user using Blynk cloud to notify them if the smokers were detected. The graph displays the values of temperature, humidity, and sensor also can be obtained via the Blynk application for data analysis purposes.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia nowadays, mental stress issues more taken seriously during this pandemic because some people faced difficult time during the selfisolation. The self-isolation will give some bad effects on people’s mental health caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. During this pandemic also the authorities will not have such enough time to monitor the mental health and conditions of the patients. Thus, to find ways of improving the efficiency of monitoring, new applications such as Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to advance this development. This project aims to support mental wellbeing during self-isolation by detecting the users’ stress level with the help of an IoT application so that the
monitoring process will be easy. The stress level of the users will be monitor based on their blood pressure and heart rate. Based on studies, there are three level of stress based on blood pressure range which are prehypertension stage (80-90 mmHg), hypertension stage 1 (90-99 mmHg) and hypertension stage 2 (100+ mmHg). Besides that, health of the patients also will be monitor by this project. The temperature of the users also will be monitor and the temperature exceeds 37.5oC will have attention by the authorities. Then the data will be sent through email to the families, authorities and hospital for further action. To implement these features, this project will be controlled by the Arduino for the microprocessors and the Blynk for the IoT platform. Hence, this project is efficient in monitoring stress level and health of the users during self-isolation in this COVID-19 pandemic.

Traditional foods are the heart of our heritage. Every state, every races and tribes have their own culture and heritage that they take pride of. For Sarawakian, one of it is Kuih Bongkol. Kuih Bongkol is made of rice flour, coconut milk and ‘gula apong’, mixed together and placed on banana leaf to be steamed. It has a soft texture, is delicious and has a sweet taste. Kuih Bongkol Ice-Cream is develop to recreate the taste of popular treat among Sarawakian which is Kuih Bongkol into global sweet treat; ice- cream. The Kuih Bongkol taste in this ice cream derived from the main ingredients which are the rich taste of coconut milk, aromatic pandan flavour and most importantly the Sarawak’s sweet speciality; Gula Apong. Most of the ingredients are easily obtain from all around the country except for Gula Apong where it can only be acquired easily in Sarawak. The uniqueness of Gula Apong is the hit of the product which make it premium ice-cream. This ice cream is pack in an attractive plastic container. By changing the kuih bongkol into ice cream form, it is hoped to promote local Sarawak delicacies to worldwide in form of dessert that can be enjoyed by everyone. The product also has an advantages of longer shelf life than the actual kuih bongkol and easier to export to other countries.

Probiotics are live bacteria that are intended to have health benefits when consumed or applied to the body. In general, probiotics can be found in yogurt and other fermented foods and dietary supplements. Our project aimed to find novel probiotic strains from a new source such as stingless bees honey that will benefit humankind. In this study, Lactobacillus F25 was isolated using MRS agar from stingless bee’s honey Homotrigona fimbriata. Then, a disk diffusion assay was used to examine the antimicrobial properties of this isolate. Illumina Hiseq 2000 platform and bioinformatic analysis were done to characterize the genomes of this isolate. Lactobacillus F25 showed significant antimicrobial activity against five human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Serratia mercescens and Alcaligenes faecalis. Further analysis revealed that Lactobacillus F25 encodes a gene cluster for bacteriocin biosynthesis, a compound capable of inhibiting a wide range of pathogens. Next, genome analysis also suggests that this strain capable of synthesizing vitamin B complex and several micronutrients.  This strain can even utilize various carbohydrates, offering its versatility and potential for the food industry. In conclusion, the phenotypic and genome analyses of Lactobacillus F25 highlight this bacterium's potential as a new promising probiotic candidate.

Fish is an important food in the diet of humans. Fishes are packed with various nutrients like Proteins (amino acids), Omega-3 Fatty acids, numerous vitamins and minerals that are essential in supplying the daily nutritional need, as well as to enhance long term sustainability of the body. Whitefish or commonly known as ground fish, is a popular fish species used in manufacturing products such as fish fingers. Our current project focuses on establishing catfish (one of the local whitefish species) and its nutritional value to humans. This product is named as ‘NutriLele’ Catfish Fingers.  ‘NutriLele’ Catfish Fingers (or sticks) are regular-sized pieces of catfish flesh, seasoned and crumbed before being blast frozen. ‘NutriLele’ Catfish Fingers has a potential market value because it utilizes locally sourced catfish, assuring better quality of the raw ingredient as continual monitoring could be conducted to a local source compared to imported fishes. Besides, locally sourced products denote lower cost price of our product while boosting the income of fish farmers, thus, encouraging more young entrepreneurs to be involved in local fish farming and product development in the future.

The smart detector for food quality based on the thermal imaging technique is an integrated monitoring and management information system, which consists of an intelligent database technology and optical approach. This imaging-based smart detector aims to detect the fruit using a thermal imaging device. A prediction model is developed to demonstrate the results by calculating the classification with the highest accuracy. The feasibility of thermal imaging coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) system showed huge potential for non-destructive evaluation of fresh produce quality. The combination of thermal imaging and AI allows for the non-destructive and rapid testing of materials compared to conventional methods. Attention to the thermal imaging device has greatly increased due to the promising alternative in the quality and safety inspection in food and agriculture. The present trend of evolving smart detector for fruit quality will continue and extend due to the low-cost of the instrument, good efficiency, and reproducibility in the sensing operation. The commercial prospect in the utilisation of smart detector will lead to greater abilities of thermal imaging as well as providing quality inspection of food and agricultural products in a rapid and non-destructive manner.

Successful management of clients with medical/surgical/orthopaedic conditions especially at lower limbs (legs) is a critical process that can be compromised by a number of factors such as late ambulation and rehabilitation. Though the usage of assistive devices is established for any types of limbs' related condition, such as a wheelchair,  walking frame and elbow crutches; the use of axillary crutches is the most common and convenient one. These axillary crutches are the assistive devices that help the client in the process of early ambulation, which can provide support to the weak, injured, fractured or post-operated leg. Thus, this project aims to innovate the axillary crutches into the most client-friendly to support clients in the recovery process, which is named Ez-Crutches. The Ez-Crutches provide an enhancement in handling axillary crutches without hustle. Imagine if the clients are using the common axillary crutches, when they wanted to reach something above the head, they need to uplift hands and leave the crutches to fall down. It is difficult for the clients to pick up the laid crutches from the floor, and it may lead them to fall and caused further injuries. In clinical settings, early ambulation process supported with assistive devices would contribute to fasten recovery process, can improve the client's quality of life, having a sense of independence and improves management outcomes. Therefore, the Ez-Crutches will offer a new potential device that enhances therapeutic intervention in the medical field.  To protect the copyright of this innovation, Intellectual Property Right (IPR) has been applied from iRMIs on 30 Sept 2020 with IP code CR002017. This project's extension would be proposed to the Malaysian Orthopedic Association for an endorsement of the Ez-Crutches usage and crutches’ manufacturer in Malaysia for business collaboration. This project paper also will be submitted to Jurnal Inovasi Malaysia (JURIM) for publication.

Oil palm leaves (OPLs) are numerously generated from the gigantic cultivation of palm oil plantations in Malaysia. The low-value OPLs remain underutilized as compared to other oil palm by-products. Ethnopharmacologically, OPLs are being used as a remedy for wound healing. As phytochemists, we discovered OPLs are rich in flavonoid C-glycosides. However, a viable method to tap this bioactive compound is still lacking. The conventional methods such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-liquid extraction, and column packed with silica are time-consuming, using a huge amount of solvent and producing low recovery yield. Hence, we proposed a more sustainable process by integrating ultrasonic technology for extraction enhancement, the chemical reaction for target specificity, and adsorption technology for rapid flavonoid enrichment. As a result, the integrated process is more simple, rapid, low cost yet efficient than conventional methods. More importantly, the flavonoid enriched extracts: FlavoRich and Flavo-C-Rich enhanced antioxidant and wound healing properties as compared to their original crude extracts. Despite meeting the high global demand for flavonoids for other applications, these enriched extracts can also be further channeled into the development of cheaper, yet effective wound care products thus could tackle the fatal wound infection issue in many poor countries that cannot afford expensive wound care treatment. With the maximal exploitation of agricultural waste: OPLs from the palm oil industry, this small effort could potentially diminish the sustainability concern sparking from this monoculture crop practice.

This novel and unique user experience (UX) design for a virtual training dance system aims to help people live a healthy life. A number of researchers and companies have developed fitness systems that use a virtual coach which shows the user with actions they should perform. However such systems can be difficult to accurately follow the virtual guide’s motions and there are also limitations in the feedback provided to inform users of their correct body posture. This is because most systems are designed for users to simply watch and follow a character’s motions (poses) from a third person perspective. In this dance training system, users are able to follow the exercise-postures of a virtual professional trainer shown in a first person viewpoint and receive coaching through a step-by-step motion.

In the era of industrial revolution 4.0, digital media technologies has become one of the promising technologies to facilitate the transformation into education 4.0. For engineering education, specifically in mechanics dynamics, one of the common problems faced by the students is the difficulty in visualizing some of the engineering concepts that involved dynamic motions and complex calculations particularly in z-axis. Present commercial problem solving software for engineering is limited in its functionality to assist the students following the systematic step by step approach in engineering problem solving. Furthermore, without proper support for visualization might lead to the difficulties in engineering problem solving. This invention focused on the problem solving and simulation of an engineering software by incorporating digital media technologies with virtual realities and new pedagogical concepts through interactive 3-D environment representation.  The problem solving engineering software was tested with engineering students and instructors from the college of engineering (UNITEN) and the result showed that the interactive simulated engineering problem solving software could assist the Mechanical Engineering students especially the slow learners by enhancing their learning motivation and improved the visualization ability in problem solving.

Nowdays, publishing manuscript, competition of innovation and any academic publications either through journal or conference have been part of higher institution activities. All of this activities and achievement not only improve professionalism of an academia but also university ranking. Thus, one of initiative taken by university is to encourage academician to organize activities such as journal and conference publication; and innovation and invention competitions in order to embrace research and innovation activities as a culture among academicians. Managing a conference, competition or journal publication are tedious work and require continuous effort to observe each step begin with registration until publishing the manuscript or announce the winners. Hence, managing these activities are exhausted especially for academician since they also have to concentrate on teaching, learning and doing research for students and university. Existing online managing system such as EDAS and OJS have been widely used by conference and journal publisher. Anyhow both systems, have fix template and features that hardly to be modified further for specific requirement. Instead of that not all of academician has knowledge in computer programming that allow them to easily modify the system. A custom-made system that has advantage of developer consultation has inspired this development of management system namely Journal, Competition and Conference Online System (J2CORES). This system is developed to serve as online management system that has features for managing competition, conference and journal publication. This system is developed and intended to be utilized by academician from higher institution throughout Malaysia. In general, this system split into several modules which are registration, treasury, publication, reviewing, judgement and certificate. If the organizer wants to use as journal management system, the nonrelevant modules will be disabled such as judgement and certificate. The organizer does not require to hire other IT specialist since we will custom-made the process specifically to serve their purposes. This process gave organizer advantages of ease to use, simplify the system based on their requirement at the same time has direct consultation thus prevent system anxiety for personal in charge of the system. Below are two scenarios happen that significantly prove the effectiveness of this custom-made system. Scenario 1: Zakat Negeri Selangor was organized virtual innovation competition for zakat implementation in society. They need a systematic competition management system which tackle the issues managing registration of competitors online, submit their online video, keep track and validate payment fees, organizing and scheduling judging session. Scenario 2: An ad-hoc committee for a new international journal publication required a management system for submitting manuscript online, register all authors list and profile, managing reviewing process editing and publishing. Online Journal System (OJS) which is popular among established journal publisher. Anyhow this system is complicated since they contain extensive reviewing process and editors that has no strong IT back ground requires extensive training to understand the process. The simple reviewing process and command will help editors to learn the system with the help of brief consultation from us. These two ways communications will ease the system anxiety among editors. Besides the system will be simplified and custom-made based on the editors’ request.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the global landscape including in the higher education institutions. The pandemic disease caused the Ministry of Education (MoE) Malaysia to enforce all universities and colleges to hold the face-to-face classes. Currently, all classes are conducted through the nonface-to-face approach or e-learning methods. With the new norms, students must adapt a new method of learning approach and continuously communicate with their lecturers. The challenge is to identify the best approach to gather students and lecturers at one platform so that effective communication can be optimized and continuously sharing the information and further actions. With that reason, we have initiated an effective approach to gather students and lecturers at one communication platform.  With that, we proposed an effective approach to gather students and lecturers in one communication platform. We have developed a website called UnityHub whereby all students and lecturers are able to easily access this platform at anywhere, anytime through their mobile communication technology devices. As a pilot study, we focus on students who enroll the subjects offered by the Department of Computer Science  and Mathematics (Jabatan Sains Komputer dan Matematik - JSKM) in UiTM Penang Branch as well as their lecturer who teach the subjects. The content of this website is the list of subjects as well as the respective lecturer who teaches the subject, based on the group formation by Academic Affairs Division (Bahagian Hal Ehwal Akademik - BHEA), starting from the Pre-Diploma, Diploma, Bachelor until Master levels. The development process involves several steps starting from preparing the timetable managed by BHEA, then channeling the completed timetable to lecturers and students. Next, the lecturers create a link group through the communication platform and submit the information to the website development. After the completion of website development, BHEA will share the website link to students through the heads of faculty and UiTM's official social media. Students need to go to the website and choose the subject that they have enrolled for the current semester. To be the group members, the students just click the 'join' button and the lecturer who teaches the subject automatically will be the group admin. The main objective of this innovation is to get the students and lecturers can be gathered in one platform more effectively so that they can experience interacting through virtual synchronous interaction and communicating in building robust teaching in the effective teaching and learning process.

Correct pronunciation is very crucial when communicating in a language. With accurate pronunciation, the spoken messages can be delivered effectively. Oftentimes, the most difficult aspect facing by the non-native students in learning a particular language is the pronunciation, especially in Mandarin language.  The only way to solve this problem is through the instructor’s voice, he/she has to read out repeatedly to help the students to be able to speak better. However, it is normally difficult to find their instructors to read out everything what the students intend to say. A system to support the need is thus needed. For these non-native students of Mandarin as a foreign language, it is important that the students are allowed to take an active role in developing their own speaking skill and acquiring accurate pronunciation. Hence providing listening support is very vital. Through more listening, students are able to grab the correct pronunciation and strengthen their confidence in speaking. Text-to-Speech Malay-Chinese Dictionary (TTS- Malay-Chinese Dictionary) is a product is being develop to cater the needs of the students in learning Mandarin language, aiming to support technology-enhanced learning activities with the focus on improving proper pronunciation through listening.

Research on Alzheimer’s has shown that there is no definite cure for this disease, which definitely means that the research game, Picnogram, might not be a guaranteed solution for this horrible disease. It is also known that increased levels of brain activity would evade chances of getting a patient in worse conditions, and Picnogram might be of some help, if any. Additionally, to determine the perfect platform for the game, as well as the programming language, Integrated Development Environment and methodology of Picnogram. In this paper would also need to find the right libraries and graphics to beautifully suit the aesthetically pleasing and vibrant gaming application of Picnogram. Subsequently, one challenge would be senior citizens or older adults who do not know how to use a mobile device or connect to the Internet and download the game from the application store.

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing or known as OFDM has been a prominent digital communication scheme and was introduced in the 4G network. This technique can be described as an exceptional multicarrier instance where the signal data is transmitted using separate subcarriers through a total of the subcarriers at a lower rate. Although OFDM seems perfect for the development of the 5G network, this type of digital modulation still suffers from intersymbol interference (ISI). Cascaded Least Square (CLS) was introduced by our team before successfully reduce the disadvantage of a wireless system. To move towards 5G technology,  Extended Cascaded Least Square (ECLS) which is a sequence of adaptive algorithms had been proposed in this research to overcome ISI that occur due to multipath propagation. ECLS is a combination of updated Recursive Least Square (RLS) and Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS). This research justified that ECLS can minimize the existence of interference in wireless communication systems with a 62.95% improvement than CLS.

i-Optimize was invented initially to help the local business owners. In running a business, the business operation costs such as capital cost, labor cost and the production outputs made are dependent on each other. With optimum usage of sources, the business can gain more profit and avoid wastage of sources. However, to achieve the optimization of a business, finding the production functions are highly time consuming and a very tedious process. For that reason, with the existence of this graphical user interface (GUI), the calculations needed can be obtained easily by useful information provided from the user. The purpose of this research is to optimize the sources of a business operation by solving the Cobb-Douglas functions using Lagrange Multiplier simultaneously. Therefore, the minimization of cost and the maximization of production are obtained through this system. Consequently, further research should extend the Cobb-Douglas function model to other types of optimization methods in various types of business.

Final Year Project (FYP) is a research-oriented, compulsory course for ­final-year undergraduate students. Due to the large number of students (> 250) and staff (> 70) who are involved throughout its year-long implementation at the school level, there is a need for a reliable and efficient expert-system-based management system to coordinate the FYP activities. The proposed FYPEXPERT system offers a complete, cradle-to-grave solution to facilitate the coordination, management and assessment of the course, from proposal submission to ­final grading. The expert system technology is applied in the process of allocating titles to students under multiple objectives and constraints. With the use of the developed system, managing FYP implementation is made more convenient and efficient for the stakeholders (students, lecturers, FYP coordinators and the School management team). Moreover, the system is flexible and scalable, which potentially can be expanded to cater for use at a higher level involving more students and academic staff.

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles such as mineral water bottles, soda bottles etc. have polluted the environment severely. Nevertheless, it possesses outstanding strength and potential to be attached with synthetic fabric such as Kevlar to reduce the hybrid composite cost for impact energy absorption application such as body armour. The composite structures were made using hand lay-up and vacuum bagging technique. It was built-up with seven layers of unidirectional recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (r-PET) mat and Kevlar fabric with four types of layering sequences. Two reference samples were produced which are 6 layers of r-PET mat and Kevlar correspondingly. The quasi-static indentation test demonstrated structure with layering sequence of intermittent Kevlar and r-PET mat, with Kevlar as the outermost layer shows a comparable result of specific energy absorption with the reference sample. These substantial findings could lead to the reduction of high-cost Kevlar and escalate the value of waste PET bottles.

Total Hip Replacement (THR) is considered as a replacement of hip joints after the ball-socket joints ruptures due to various reasons. Among the reason’s highlights; poor lubrication, bone deformation and overload limit capability such as traumatic incident. The project here is continuation from previous project that innovate a new offset design for acetabular cup aside from new material composition only from previous work. First step, developed the model in 3D simulation with various aspect consideration and then follow-up with first gen (PO1) prototype with new material using special mold. The new project here were developed on second gen (PO2) with offset superior design with adjustment from new material formulation. Based from analysis, the PO2 performance quite better compared to original and PO1 design in term of mechanical properties. Although the results were on preliminary works, the prospect look bright focusing on prolonging hip implant life. Future works still needed especially on developing using additive manufacturing which could cut cost on manufacturing while maintaining the effectiveness of acetabular cup.

Globally, we have reached the anniversary of the start of the pandemic of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID19). Eventhough al measures of preventing the desease have been taken, new cases keep rising, even new starin of the desease keep appearing which bring great fear to human being. In  Malaysia, the Malaysian Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) in coloboration with National Security Council (MKN) have played an important role to overcome the problem, together with the forntliners such as healthcare workers, the militeries, the police force, the public defend force,have worked together to ensure the health and sofety of the public. This project is to improve the faceshield (FS) which is part of the PPE used by the frontliners when they are on duty to combat the spreading of COVID19. The manufacturing process of the FS is premilinary manufactured in small scale using 3D printer machines. However, it cannot cope with the demand coming in from the frontliners. futhermore the material used were brittle and easily damaged. Therefore, with the money given by the Tasek Gelugur Assemblyman, the mould for the Injection moulding (IM) machine was built up and used to improved the production of the FS. Using the new mould design for IM , the time and raw material Polypropylene (PP)PP were reduced 62% dan 10% respectively. Therefore, more FS can be produced to the frontliners without delay. 

The objectives of the design improvements are to fasten up the extraction process and having more fine fiber where finer fiber gives better properties.The innovation here the optimize contact area between the roller and the fiber. With this, it will helps to fasten up the fiber extraction process. On top of that, the manual combing process of fiber after the extraction are not needed to be performed as now the fiber produce are finer. This shows that the new design had skip a process towards achieving fineness fiber. Moreover, as the extraction time per leaf are reduced, there will be more leaf can be extracted in a particular period besides having a better quality of fiber. The impact on this improvement surely will help local farmers to gain extra income by converting waste from their crops into wealth. The fiber produced are high in demand as nowadays the industries were shifting from using synthetic materials to environmental friendly materials such as in research and development centers, composite industries, automotive parts industries, textile industries and etc.

The usage of natural composite material known as kenaf in the structure of the drone for small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The recreational drone with dimension of 210 mm is selected as the main product, whereby the frame of the drone is made of composite material known as kenaf. In details, the whole structure of the drone consists of double deck of kenaf frame, motor, blade, battery etc. The main novelty of this recreational drone design is the usage of composite material known as kenaf. Interestingly, the usage of this material for the structure of drone still new compared to other drone that made of plastic or carbon fibre and it also has not yet been applied in any other commercial drones. The kenaf materials has superior advantages compared to other existing materials such as plastics, synthetic fibre etc. The main advantages of kenaf material are high strength-to-weight ratio, cheaper, lightweight, obtainable and low conductivity, which meet the high requirement of the modern UAVs. This material is biodegradable materials compared to the current practice of drone structure such as synthetic fibre. There are huge opportunities for the commercialization on this material developed. 

There is a need to pay attention to reading skills to improve and encourage slow learners to engage and be responsible for their own learning. Many studies have shown that flip books are capable of helping students improve their reading skills. However, the existing flip books do not emphasize reading skills. In addition, the flip books have failed to sustain students’ attention in learning because they are not empowered with powerful reading elements such as challenges, opportunities, stimulants, narrative and design. These issues indirectly have limited active participation of pupils. Thus, in this research, All in All Flip Book in Flip Classroom (AiA FBFC) were developed to improve slow learners reading skills, increase participation, and increase interest in reading literacy. The respondents in this study were selected based on purposeful sampling whereby 60 students with reading problems. were grouped as the control and experimental groups. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test, and observation and questionnaire were included for the experimental group. The results, showed that the mean value of the post test for experimental group was 57.37 whereas the control group had 25.47. In addition, the results of the validated observations found that the students from the experimental group were actively involved and enthusiastic during the process of learning to read. Findings from the questionnaire proved that the students were interested in reading literacy and showed that the AiA FBFC  were effective in helping slow learners master reading skills. The findings have proven that this interactive game can be used as a main tool to learn reading literacy for slow learners who are experiencing complications in acquiring the reading skills. 

Talking Pipes with Stavira Automated Phoneme Transcriptions (TPAPT) is an innovation on enhancing year 1 pupils understanding between short vowel sounds /e/ and /æ/ as to improve their speaking skill. Pupils frequently confuse pronouncing words with /e/ and /æ/ sounds like ‘met’ and ‘mat’ and ‘dead’ and ‘dad’. Mispronunciation of words using /e/ and /æ/ sounds usually happens because the sounds is almost the same. This innovation aimed to identify the effectiveness of TPAPT and pupils' interest in practicing /e/ and /æ/ sounds using TPAPT. Three stages are introduced in the process of using TPAPT where first participants are required to distinguish the /e/ and /æ/ sounds based on the information explained in the Stavira application. Second, recognize the sounds by using adjustable talking pipes and third, test their understanding of /e/ and /æ/ sounds using the automated phoneme transcriptions. After one cycle of using TPAPT, participants were able to differentiate between /e/ and /æ/ sounds and they like the innovation. As a conclusion, TPAPT enable pupils to reduce errors and can improve their understanding of /e/ and /æ/ sounds. This innovation can be furthered by combining other phoneme sounds in one practice since the tools can be applied to all phoneme sounds.

MAc MASK is a face mask made with disposable activated carbon filter from rice husk ash which is proven to improve the strength of the respiratory muscles and increases the oxygen intake. They work very well for anti-pollution as well as protection against various bacteria and fungus. Masks with activated carbon filters protect us against bacteria and fungus, as well as prevent diseases and allergic reactions. On the other hand, the air quality in our world now is deteriorating aside from harmful airborne particles in our environment. We are in the times that we need to have more efforts to protect ourselves and our family especially our kids during their school’s time. Moreover, the shortage of quality mask in market nowadays with the increasing demand of good mask from consumer have driven us to produce this MAc MASK.   

Malaysians are said to use more water than people in advanced countries such as the US and Australia (Bernama, 2016). The National Water Services Commission report in 2017 has reported that Malaysians use between 220 to 240 liters of water in a day. The amount is 32% more than the 165 liters recommended level of water by the United Nations. In addition, according to the SAYS news report in March 2018, the average Malaysian wastes about 50,000 liters of water every year. In another related report related to Malaysian Domestic Water Consumption in 2015, Malaysians use water for toilets the most (26%), followed by washing machine (22%) and showers (17%) in a household. On top of that, in 2019 the government has announced that the water tariff will be increased beginning 2020. Therefore, careful water management together with an effective innovation method can reduce water use and the cost spent for water bills. One of the ways suggested by the government to save water usage and cut cost for water bills is by reducing and reusing water. Malaysians can reduce their water consumption by reusing waste-water/grey water for toilet flushing system. However, there are concerns whether grey water is save to be reused as it may contain impurities such as grease, food particles, hair, certain household cleaning products and even variable levels of microorganisms. Thus, the aim of the innovation is to develop and evaluate the Eco-Reuse Nanotechnology Wastewater Filter using waste materials for toilet flushing system. The three main waste materials used to develop our green innovative product are cigarette butts (CB), single used plastic bag (SUPB) and dry oil palm leaves (OPL). Cigarettes butts (CB) are made of nearly 95% non-biodegradable cellulose acetate (plastic) and are considered as the most common form of personal litter in the world (Granados et al., 2019) while on the other hand millions of single use plastic bags (SUPB) are produced every year worldwide, resulting in tones of plastic waste being dumped into the environment. As SUPB have poor biodegradability, it may take several years for them to break down. In the commodity industries, the cultivation of oil palm is recorded as the highest wastage in Malaysia (45.8%) and rest of the countries in the world since 2018. These waste materials possess serious threat to the environment.

What did you do with your pencil waste? I believe most of us will throw away our pencil waste. Wonder Woopen Fire Starter & Survival Fuel is the best way to recycle pencil waste. Why Wonder Woopen? Because in this project we recycle wood pencil shaving waste into fire starter and survival fuel. Woopen Fire Starter & Fuel is a product with 100% recycles material that is available in bulk in Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Nibong. The pencil shave wastes are produced massively in Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Nibong thus igniting the idea of turning them into useful items.The Wonder Woopen Fire Starter & Fuel was inspired after seeing the potential of crushed pencil shaves as the best fire agent. Together with wax, this mixture made to burn easy and last long. It is light and friendly user. No dangerous chemicals were used. Based on product testing research, the advantages of Wonder Woopen Fire Starter and Survival Fuel include easy burning, light and compact, and a great camping accessory. It is also ideal for outdoor cooking since it provides a tremendous amount of heat even in an open space. It is easy to light up even when soaked in water. It can last for 30 - 50 minutes each depending on the size. It has no time limit for storage. Hence, it is a great addition to disaster prepared food supply. It boils water in a few minutes. This Wonder Woopen Fire Starter & Survival Fuel is perfect for camping, hiking, backpacking, emergency and survival. We believe there are many NGOs & community organizations supporting and encouraging innovations out of recycled products in Penang. This will be a catalyst for a bigger market outside school compound. We have the vision that this humble product can be a success product from a humble school in the international market.

Many of us aware that kids focus span are very short. They also love to scribble on a piece of paper tear out from their exercise books. Not only that, but they also love to walk around the class, disturb other friends and make noise to get teacher’s attention. Some of the kids are fast learners and can finish all of the work given in no time. But others may take a little bit longer time to do their work. To help the school kids to fully focus and utilised their time wisely, these young, innovative students take the challenge to create this awesome board. This simple innovation called FLEAP is an attached 3-piece-corrugated board on their school desk. This brilliant idea of combining 3-piece board and then hang it in front of the school desk may help the kids whose love to scribble, to continue their hobbies on the board provided. The first layer of the board containing a layer of white board. Kids’ creativity should not be stopped. They can use the first layer to draw and can easily be erased. No more paper wastage. Furthermore, teachers can also use this board as a teaching aid instead of using traditional small mobile white board. The second layer of the flip board contains board games of the kids’ preferences. If they love to play Sudoku, then Sudoku board will be posted there. The third layer is suggested to be group board games such as Snake and Ladder. By playing in groups, kids are taught to be cooperating, sensitive to others needs and respect each other. We are aware that kids nowadays prefer to play online games with no attachment to real things. We hope that at least, in school, students are given opportunity to spend their time playing real games. To build this flip board doesn’t use lots of money. It is safe, low cost and can benefit students to the max. FLEAP is stand for Fun, Learn and Play, as we flipped our board, we hope that we can learn and play in a fun way using FLEAP.

Tea wastes are largely disposed into the environment without any treatment after tea preparation. Therefore, tea wastes have raised environmental pollution causing environmental degradation. This study proposed to recycle tea waste to better utilize the organic substance and also reduce environmental issues concerning to tea waste. Our study also investigated the various dishwashers in the market and found that commercial dishwashers are high in chemical substance and harmful to human skin. Our scope of study is to recycle household tea waste and to innovate into a natural dishwasher which is “Eco-Friendly Dishwash from Green Tea Waste”. The objective of study is to minimalize the amount of tea waste released in the environment. Many samples is formulated with different proportions of green tea waste, coconut oil, salt and water .The samples are tested based on the liquid texture and effectiveness cleaning the greasy surfaces by respondents. The findings concluded that Eco-Friendly Dishwash from Green Tea Waste is a unique formulation from natural ingredients which is suitable for sensitive and dry skin types. The Eco-friendly Dishwash from Green Tea Waste is a bio-degradable and environmental-friendly product. In conclusion, tea wastes are utilized effectively in order to reduce the impact of environmental pollution.

Mata pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan (LK) merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran elektif yang ditawarkan di Sekolah Menengah Teknik. Semua murid tingkatan empat dan tingkatan lima yang mengikuti jurusan kejuruteraan di sekolah ini akan mengambil dan mempelajari mata pelajaran LK. Jumlah murid yang mengambil LK ialah hampir 500 orang setiap tahun. LK merupakan satu mata pelajaran kemahiran melukis yang menggunakan peralatan khusus; antaranya ialah papan lukisan, jangka lukis, sesiku set dan sesiku T. Papan lukisan yang digunakan adalah bersaiz besar sedikit dari saiz A3 kerana keperluan mata pelajaran ini ialah menghasilkan lukisan di atas kertas bersaiz A3. Begitu juga dengan sesiku T yang panjang bersesuaian dengan papan lukisan itu. Semua alatan ini akan disimpan dalam beg LK (kain / pvc) untuk disimpan dan dibawa ke mana-mana. Walau bagaimanapun, kami mendapati bahawa beg LK berserta alatan LK yang besar dan panjang boleh mendatangkan beberapa isu seperti memerlukan ruang penyimpanan yang besar di dalam bilik darjah dan pembaris T yang mudah patah serta mudah terserpih di bahagian bucu. Sehubungan dengan itu, papan lukisan LKiZy ini diinovasi supaya boleh dilipat dua menjadikannya kepada saiz yang lebih kecil iaitu saiz A4 . Dalam keadaan terlipat, papan ini menyediakan ruangan simpanan untuk pembaris T. Apabila dibuka, papan menjadi saiz normal untuk meletakkan kertas bersaiz A3 dan murid boleh melukis di atasnya seperti biasa. Selain inovasi papan lukisan, pembaris T juga diinovasi supaya menjadi lebih kecil dan muat apabila disimpan di dalam papan LK iaitu pembaris T boleh lipat dua. Pembaris T pula dibuat daripada bahan akrilik, juga tahan lasak dan menarik.

Nowadays, the world is facing problem to environment pollution .But , they still haven’t realize that the main cause from plastic pollution. By doing research, plastic takes at least 500 years to degrade. Now, consider the fact that more than 9 million tons of plastic waste enter our oceans every year. This had led human to face a serious problem . Due to this issue , our team had tried out to solve this problem .The question that always surround us is “What material should we use?” , “How to make plastic that can be degrade?” , “Is it possible?”… Finally , we made it – Potato Plastic ! Potato Plastic is a biodegradable material that made of potato starch. This means that it will decompose to nutrients for the soil in only three months when it ends up in the nature. And the most important , Potato Plastic can not only be used for plastic but also be used for products such as folk, spoon and salt bags. We had found that it was preciously the demand for fast food industries. Though , our team believe that it would hit the market and be wisely use by everyone. At that time , plastic pollution may not occurred and the environment get saved.

Menyedari tanggung jawab dan peranan guru semakin mencabar sekolah telah menyediakan satu plan teknologi untuk melaksana dan mengintegrasikan penggunaan teknologi maklumat dalam pengurusan hal ehwal murid. Pengenalan sistem i-Hadir sebagai satu inovasi baharu di sekolah telah membantu guru-guru dalam kerja rutin harian khusus dalam berdepan pemasalahan ketidakhadiran murid. Sistem i-Hadir merupakan instrumen merekod kehadiran murid dimana menerusinya pihak guru dapat mengesan murid yang gagal hadir pada setiap awal pagi. Tindakan susulan diambil segera oleh guru-guru untuk menghubungi ibubapa/penjaga murid yang ponteng sekolah. Sesi perjumpaan murid-murid yang terlibat bersama guru bimbingan dan kaunseling diatur serta pemantauan kehadiran lebih kerap dilakukan. Dapatan terkumpul menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan jumlah kehadiran murid ke sekolah yang signifikan dalam kalangan murid melalui tindakan-tindakan yang dijalankan.

Applications of charcoal have become an interest in daily life such as fuel for combustion. However, the commercial charcoal is normally produced by cutting the mangroves trees which are not sustainable and reduced a natural barrier against erosion, storm and floods. Hence, a new eco-friendly homemade charcoal was produced to replace the commercial charcoal. The new ChaCO-Ban material was produced by two-steps conventional pyrolysis methods involving daily waste materials such as orange peels, banana peels and paddy husk. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the number of air cavities in the ChaCO-Ban sample is higher compared to the commercial charcoal. Sample with higher air cavity numbers is believed to produce more ignitions due to the higher oxygen levels around the sample. The energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS) results indicated higher ignition elements in the ChaCO-Ban sample compared with the commercial sample. The pH 9 of ChaCO-Ban sample is alkali and can be used to neutralize the soil.

LINECLEAR that is made from BILIMBI (or Averrhoa bilimbi, the scientific name of the fruit) is an invention to address the problem of glue from tapes on surfaces to the society. It can remove all the dirty and unpleasant residue on floors in our surrounding areas. Rubbers in the environment can come from many sources, including human activities and industrial activities. This invention will not harm anyone as it is organic. They are made out of natural plants or they can sometimes substitute it to any dense and fibrous plant material. OBJECTIVE: To remove rubbers from stickers. METHODOLOGY: Pour the BILIMBI solution in the container or create several sachets filled with the BILIMBI liquid. RESULTS: The unwanted rubbers will be removed. CONCLUSION: LINECLEAR acts as a fluid that eliminates rubbers, or any unwanted glue on surfaces. This fluid is odourless and is very safe to use

Southeast Asian countries are among the world's most important agricultural countries with a significant contribution to the world's food supply coming from this region. Several countries are now entering the aging society and more elderly manpower is required to maintain high productivity. Most aging farmers in southeast Asian countries suffer from working in the sun for long the hour which increases the chance of getting heatstroke. With the preventive health care mindset, our innovation utilized the flexible solar panel to generate electricity and store in a small battery that resides in a special compartment in the hat. The electricity is then feeding through the control unit to power the thermoelectric cooling device which was designed to provide the heat exchange with the main blood vessel on the wearer’s neck which is the most effective part for human body heat exchange. This innovation would effectively reduce body temperature while working under direct sunlight and hence prevent heatstroke, especially for elderly farmers.

HUSKATS adalah bahan yang dibangunkan hasil inovasi sepenuhnya menggunakan bahan buangan iaitu sekam padi bagi mengatasi masalah bau busuk dan tidak menyenangkan daripada najis kucing. HUSKATS ini sangat bersesuaian untuk pencinta haiwan peliharaan ini tanpa mempunyai masalah sama ada memelihara di sekitar rumah atau dikurung di dalam sangkar. Penggunaan bahan ini dengan meletakkan di tempat yang sering menjadi tempat buangan najis kucing atau diletakkan di bawah sangkar haiwan peliharaan itu. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa 1 : 5 keluarga daripada seramai 12.8 juta keluarga yang terdapat di Malaysia yang memelihara kucing di rumah. Sehubungan dengan itu, penggunaan bahan buangan iaitu sekam padi dan campuran sedikit pewangi menyebabkan bahan ini dapat mengatasi bau busuk dan menjimatkan kos. Pembangunan  HUSKATS ini dapat mengatasi masalah yang sedia ada di mana bahan seumpama ini dijual di pasaran kebanyakannya menggunakan pasir, serbuk kayu dan campuran mekanikal sahaja manakala penggunaan HUSKATS ini terhasil daripada proses mengeluarkan kandungan selulosa pada suhu sehingga 80 darjah celcius daripada sekam padi manakala memerlukan suhu bilik antara 30 hingga 37 darjah celcius untuk proses penyejukkan bagi membentuk palet yang dikehendaki dengan menggunakan mesin hammermil. Proses untuk menghasilkan dalam satu-satu masa adalah sebanyak 250 kilogram dengan mengambil masa selama 1 jam 15 minit manakala penggunaan pewangi hanya sebanyak 5 ml. Oleh itu, penggunaan HUSKATS ini, bukan sahaja memudahkan pelanggan dengan hanya “flush” di dalam lubang tandas setelah menggunakannya, malah dapat menjimatkan kos, masa dan tenaga serta penyimpanannya sangat mudah dan lestari.

Starting fires is not something we do often, so it is been a challenge on camping trips. The choices of fire starts are very few. Currently we are using camphor, as fire starter. Some only burn for limited time, some does not burn easily and it is non-renewable resources. Hence, our innovation aim is to produce zero waste fire starter by turning household waste products and cow dung into something that can be burnt. Egg cartons were stuffed with dried cow dung. Then, beeswax was melted and poured over dried cow dung. Once dried completely, it was cut into individual fire starters. Zero waste fire starter will burn longer for several minutes which can be the best fire starter for camping. Our product is kind to planet as it is made of waste and biomass which is biodegradable. In a way, zero waste fire starter reduces waste and utilizes biomass. Our Zero Waste Fire Starter has high commercial value as it is made of renewable resources. The production expenses including beeswax, box, and man power was calculated and the cost is RM13.20 for 5 boxes which consist of 5 pieces each. If produced in a larger scale, the cost would be even lower. The selling price of 5 boxes will be RM30 where the profit margin will be RM16.80. With sustainable supply of raw material with enough manpower, the product can be easily commercialized and manufactured in large scale.

Heterotrigona itama or Asian stingless bees were commonly found in South East Asia especially in Malaysia. New study found which kelulut is crucial to the conservation and sustainability of the ecosystem as it offers natural pollination, future food security, high-income generation, medicinal products and research opportunities. This shown that the kelulut were the next live being dependence for human to sustained the mankind on Earth because of its beneficial. However, this unpopular stingless bees were not been widely known to the world by the scientist and kelulut breeder’s because of the week exposure. In fact, there is very less data found which kelulut have being booked either physical or online book to enlarge the knowing of greatness of kelulut. Even though there is a bunch or research paper and journal out there discussing about kelulut but it seems not suitable for the general because of the boring templates. Thus, the aim and objective of the present study is to generate an E-Book which covered all the information about the kelulut. The E-book is an electronic book which allowed book publication made available in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic device. It’s also allowed the book to be presented in colorful and more interacting ways for the user to discovered. It’s also come with bar code which ease the user to access the content. The E-book will covered all of the kelulut’s characteristic, behavior, life cycle, and the proper guidelines to breed them by chapter. The content were been finalized and tested by the kelulut expertise which gained from the scientific sources and expert breeders. Therefore, these Kelulut E-book which are the best to be used for the people to discover more about kelulut. The book also come with hardcopy at rm20 per book for those who are not prefer electronic based.

Retrenchment occurs when the company is forced to dismiss its employees due to reorganization of the company’s structure which eventually leads to significant changes in the company’s business and job functions. The law recognizes the managerial prerogative power of a company to manage its workforce, but such power must be exercise bona fide and in accordance with fair labour practices. Therefore, there are procedures and legal requirements that need to be adhered by the company before retrenchment is exercised to ensure no litigation for unfair dismissal is ensued after the retrenchment has taken place. This innovation pocket is produced with the purpose to bring awareness amongst the employees pertaining to the procedures and regulation to be complied by the employer to ensure a fair and just dismissal. The innovation pocket also aims to highlight the retrenchment benefits available to the employees with regards to retrenchment compensation to empowering them to self-directed learning about their legal right as an employee. The usage of this pocket will give commercial benefits not only to the industrial players, but also to public sectors, laymen and society at large. This pocket is effective in providing well-ordered and easy guidelines for both employer and employees in compliance with the specific regulations as ordained by laws so as to avoid potential litigation and also promoting social harmony between them.

The order of stroke writing in Mandarin is seems to be the most challenging task in both teaching and learning process which would then leading to the frustration of learners and educators. Often or not this aspect is not being pay much attention to due to the constrains of the classroom settings whereby monitoring of the educators are limited and the negative transfers of the learners. Thus, HANZI Swype Learning is designed to allow lessen the burden of the educators. Besides, it also encourages the learners to enjoy the learning and practice of the complicated strokes of the characters while improving their accuracy and proficiency of vocabulary learning in Mandarin. This app is suitable to all beginner level learners regardless of their age, race or prior knowledge of Mandarin. It can be used for self-improvement as well as for professional use and training.

Confinement is a mandatory practice for postpartum mothers regardless of normal delivery, caesarean section operation or miscarriage. For Asian women, confinement is a matter that needs to be emphasized and should not be underestimated ever since ancient times. Postnatal care is the individual care provided to meet the needs of a mother and her baby following childbirth. This is the best time for mothers to rest because this is the healing process after 9 months and 10 days of pregnancy. Mothers during postpartum face various changes such as flatulence (passing wind), significant differences in body shapes, emotional instability, joint pains and many other changes in the mother. Therefore, the confinement period should be well-planned and it should be made as a sweet memory for a mother. Hence, nutritional needs are the most important thing in terms of healing and recovery for the mother after giving birth. The ‘Complete Planner Of A 44-Day Food Preparation During Confinement Period’ must be owned by every mother who will be going through this process because it will be very helpful in the initial preparation of taboo food before childbirth. Mothers do not have to worry about nutrition consumption anymore because this planner will explain simple techniques on how to prepare and store taboo food properly.

Education 5.0 is to focus on outcomes and technology that enabled innovations to deliver and tailor education for all students. This innovation, also known as SULAM For INV 621. This project is extended from previous innovation which is Applied Investment Management (INV 621): Digital Learning Experience aims to give exposure to students on the actual stock market and train them on how to deal with the real financial market technology and devices. This innovation is able to integrate technology and the actual trading activities into students’ learning experience which will assist to develop their knowledge and skills. Under SULAM for INV 621 to facilitate and coaching community which are B40 group with knowledge and skill for investment which focus on stock market. It helps this group to generate income based on SULAM program. It is fulfill the objective of Ministry of Higher Education for Service Learning Malaysia University For Society.

Tadabbur ialah perkataan bahasa Arab yang bermaksud berfikir, mengamati ayat-ayat al-Quran untuk memahami serta menangkap makna-maknanya dan maksud yang dikehendaki oleh ayat-ayat al-Quran. Oleh itu dengan mengambil maksud tersebut, kaedah Tadabbur Karya (TAKAR) cuba diterapkan untuk pembelajaran komponan sastera(komsas) agar lebih bermakna dan bersifat holistik bukan sekadar untuk menghafal dan lulus dalam peperiksaan sahaja. Jika begitu, dengan cara TAKAR ini, semakin banyak murid mengkaji atau belajar komsas, mereka akan menjadi insan yang lebih baik. Malah mereka juga akan dapat menjadi modal insan yang bersifat kreatif dan kritis dan dapat meningkatkan keimanannya kepada Allah sekiranya mereka mampu menggunakan kaedah TAKAR bukan sahaja dalam pembelajaran komsas tetapi dalam semua mata pelajaran. Kaedah TAKAR ialah kaedah kajian secara menyeluruh berdasarkan setiap muka surat dan bukan kaedah hafalan.

The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted the livelihoods of every Malaysian, albeit unevenly. School closures since mid-March 2020 have suspended formal classroom learning for around 4.9 million students in pre-, primary and secondary schools nationwide. With physical distancing requirements, teachers have generally been shifting their teaching activities from traditional classroom meetings to distance learning either online or offline, utilizing electronic equipments (e-learning). However, the reality is quite different from the typical daily school routine, and students, parents as well as teachers are still grappling with e-learning. Inadequate equipments and unconducive environments make the adoption of home-based e-learning even harder for both teachers and students. Many students, especially at primary level, are still unfamiliar with digital technologies. For example, some could not set up Google Classroom, or troubleshoot technical issues independently, requiring assistance and guidance from adults, usually parents and teachers. Our solution is TutorKAY@Home. A one stop centre for hiring physical tutors. These tutors may not be qualified teachers, but more of an assistant during online classes. They are hired on part time basis, same concept as how a part time maid is hired. The tutors are mobile, available upon request and most importantly, tech savvy. They will sit with your kids during the online classes, help with whatever necessities needed by our kids during these sessions.

COVID-19 pandemic has changed the education system landscape all over the world. Hence, a suitable learning approach is needed to cater to emergency remote teaching and online learning. The heutagogical learning approach or Mobile Heutagogy (M-Heutagogy) has been proposed. M-Heutagogy is self-determined learning with the use of mobile technologies that includes the integration of (i) heutagogy, (ii) m-learning, and (iii) Education 4.0. Furthermore, M-Heutagogy has been implemented in higher education institutions and schools for the past few years. However, past studies show that there is a lack of acceptance study related to M-Heutagogy since its implementation. Specifically, there is no research has been performed to assess the learner autonomy and learning styles of students while experiencing M-Heutagogy. Therefore, the Mobile Heutagogy Acceptance Model Framework (MoHAM) is proposed to identify factors that influence students to use M-Heutagogy in the teaching and learning (T&L) process. MoHAM is an acceptance model framework based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The MoHAM framework includes a combination of (i) the determinants of UTAUT (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition & behavioural intention), (ii) components of learning styles (visual, auditory, read/write & kinaesthetic), and (iii) learner autonomy. This model framework can be implemented in flipped learning, distance learning, and 21st-century learning as well as in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) and Early Childhood Education. This framework will impact the T&L in improvising M-Heutagogy based on the acceptance factors studied.

Recycling bins are a common method used to collect recycled items either globally or locally. This study aims to produce recycling bins for home use that make it easier for consumers to separate solid waste and support the government's efforts to cultivate recycling practices among the community. This study begins with a pilot study of project implementation requirements, model development, and subsequently product testing. The feedback obtained from the respondents using the questionnaire distributed to the respondents showed that the product design evaluation is good which is 85%. The evaluation of the functionality of the product is good at 83%, and the marketability of the product is also good at 90%. The evaluation of this project as a whole is good at 86%. Project objectives have been achieved based on project evaluation. The improvement process will continue to be implemented to improve product quality.

Currently, the entire world is endeavouring to return towards the natural organic materials through it has a no some other side effects towards ailments. The most popular form of remedy to resolve the skin issue like rashes and eczema is cream or consume medicine and none using bodywash. However, many selected ingredients used in the bodywash sold in the market such as formaldehyde, halogenated organic compounds, heavy metal, musk fragrances and coarse coal tar put a large number of consumers at risk. Bacterial and fungal skin infections are most common amongst people which usually requiring significant attention for treatment and also to maintain a healthy skin thereafter. Most of the cream and medicine contain drug and has side effect such as allergic reaction, which can cause a rash, swelling, low blood pressure and a fast heartbeat. Nevertheless, many herbal plant extracts are known to possess various potentials as such antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, liver protective effect and anti-tyrosinase properties. These bioactivities were investigated for ages and incorporated into various form, for human use. One common usage is in cosmeceutical product as herbal body wash soap formulation that is used not only for treating the infections or calming effect but also using it on daily basis usage, specifically for skin protection. Thus, the aim and objective of the present study is to formulate herbal bodywash soap using different herbal blends of Senna alata (L.) Roxb. , ceylon cinnamon, and Trigonella foenum-graecum for skin infections and calming rashes, respectively. The preparation of species were dry blended before subjected for soap-making using the basic saponification reaction. The final products were then investigated for its physicochemical properties such as saponification value, moisture content, pH value, irritation test and antioxidant activity. Both herbal mixture for soaps were then blended with kelulut bees propolis and formulated based from the literature findings on their bioactivities. Therefore, these herbal blend soaps which are best to be used with warm water should be completely equipped at home as a fast alternative for skin infections and calming eczema remedies.

Hydrothermally synthesized TiO₂ nanotubes (TNTs) were first used as a filler for chitosan scaffolds for reinforcement purpose. Chitosan-TNTs (CTNTs) scaffolds prepared via direct blending and freeze drying retained cylindrical structure and showed enhanced compressive modulus and reduced degradation rate compared to chitosan membrane which experienced severe shrinkage after rehydration with ethanol. Macroporous interconnectivity with pore size of 70-230 µm and porosity of 88% were found in CTNTs scaffolds. The immobilization of Ca²⁺ ions onto CTNTs scaffolds was achieved through liquid-solid adsorption. CTNTs scaffolds with Ca²⁺ ions showed high biocompatibility by promoting adhesion, proliferation and early differentiation of bone cells. CTNTs scaffolds with Ca²⁺ ions can be an alternative for bone regeneration.

Recently, kaffir lime oil is in high demand in the market. This oil is widely used in our industry such as fragrance, aromatherapy and promoting healthy. However, to identify the quality of kaffir lime is depended on chemical compound in this oil. This research proposed kaffir lime oil quality grading by using Non-linear Support Vector Machine (NSVM). By using NSVM, the classification of the kaffir-lime oil is more effective compared natural senses. There are 15 samples of kaffir lime oil available in the market will be used in this study with different brands and price range. Within this study, the quality of kaffir lime oil samples can be considered as higher or lower quality based on their pricing range. The data will be synthetic to become 90 data. The extraction chemical compound will be done via gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS). The input will be abundances (%) of the chemical compounds while the output is the quality of kaffir lime oil either low or high. After that, the data was pre-processed, involving data randomization, normalization, and data will be split into two data set which are training and testing. NSVM technique will classify the Kaffir-lime oil compounds either high or low qualities. It is expected to have NSVM model that will pass all the performance measures by using confusion matrix. such as accuracy, precision, specificity, and sensitivity. The finding in this study will give benefits to other or further work especially for kaffir lime oil classification system.

Silver nanoparticles are the nanoparticles of silver that have the typical size between 1 nm and 100 nm. Silver nanoparticles have a unique structure which helps in antimicrobial action, environmental control, in therapist as well as a device that is used in medical. Murdannia loriformis (hassk) Rolla Roa et Kammathy, family Commelinaceae, is used by Chinese practitioners as a cure for early-stage cancer, and also for treating other diseases including colds, throat infections, pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, flu, and inflammation.  There is a various type of synthesis silver nanoparticles which commonly known as physical method, chemical method and green synthesis but due to drawback of physical and chemical methods that required big capital and have a safety issue. Therefore, green synthesis with plant extract is the simple, cheap, safe, and famous method among the researcher. In this study, Murdannia loriformis extract was used to reduce and stabilize the silver ion in the formation of silver nanoparticles. The Murdannia loriformis-mediated silver nanoparticles synthesized are eco-friendly, cheaper, and fast reaction time.

Total suspended sediment (TSS) is a water quality parameter that can be currently determined using remote sensing technology. Several algorithms that have been developed across different regions indicate that algorithms are highly regional dependent due to differences in the optical properties of suspended matter. The objective of this study is to develop a regional TSS algorithm for Teluk Lipat, Malaysia by utilizing Landsat 8 and in situ datasets. A field trip was conducted in the study area concurrent with the passing of Landsat 8. Samples were collected during the trip. The samples were then analyzed using an established method to determine TSS. The relationship between in situ TSS and remote sensing reflectance was identified using a regression analysis technique. Results demonstrated that TSS in the study area is highly correlated with three Landsat 8 bands, namely, short-wavelength infrared, green, and near-infrared bands, with R² = 0.79. The algorithm was tested on the study area, and a TSS map was created.

Light Quality Measurement Tool (LiQMeT)

Illumination level or lighting brightness is the important things needed in our daily life. Therefore, lighting system is needed to comply and achieve the minimum recommendations of Malaysia Standard. The objective of this project is to measure the illumination level for various spaces in the institution. The study is carry out base data collection at the selected areas. The scope areas of the measurement of illumination level were at various places in Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Pulau Pinang. The illumination levels for the selected places were obtained and the result was analyzed by using the Lighting Quality Measurement Tool (LiQMeT) in order to comply with Malaysian Recommendation Standard. The illumination level of poor, moderate, and good is shown in LiQMeT. As the result, there are places complying with the standard and some places failed to follow the minimum recommendation level. From this project, there are several places need to give attention and do fast correction action and maintenance.

The application of Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) as advanced concrete technologies may have potential to improve the construction efficiency such reducing construction time and construction material, minimizing environmental impact, and increasing the durability as well as increasing the structures services life time. In order to ensure the UHPC bridge design serviceability, the modal parameters such natural frequencies and mode shapes obtained from operational modal analysis (OMA) is used as an indicator. Output-only modal identification or unknown input is a method used to determine the modal parameters from experimental data such ambient vibration test (AVT). The AVT was chosen to be conducted since no artificial excitation required and the test can be conducted without disrupting traffic load which it can be performed during normal operation. In this study, accelerometers were used to conduct the AVT to collect the UHPC bridge vibration response and the commercial post processing software was used to obtained the modal parameters. The modal parameters were extracted using both time domain and frequency domain identification method in OMA such as Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD), Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition, and Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI) to compare and justify the validity of each technique used, hence to validate the accuracy of the result obtained. The modal parameter obtained is then verified with the EC1991-2 standard limitation to certify the serviceability of the structure.

To meet the demands for high performance pavements, polymer-modified bitumen had been introduced to the industry in so many studies for over 40 years ago. To lower the compaction and mixing temperatures, the introduction of innovations and technologies in the form of warm mix asphalt (WMA) will lead to substantial environmental improvements. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the engineering properties of performance grade 76 binder (PG-76) modified with WMA additive namely, Rediset (0 to 5% by weight of the binder) for WMA paving application. Physical characteristics of PG-76 modified with Rediset were obtained from several testings such as penetration, softening point, viscosity, and ductility tests. From the tests conducted, it can be concluded that the blending of PG-76 binder and Rediset offers a superior performance in producing asphalt mixtures that have better anti-stripping effect and also improves the strength bond properties of the binder.

The issue of improving the durability of green concrete is always crucial and have its attention from time to times. Moreover, the ideas of sustainability in concrete appear where it needs to develop an environmentally friendly type of concrete material to ensure the good balance between performance and sustainability concern. The development in construction field is happen rapidly along with the pollution occur as world develop nowadays. Furthermore, one of the factor that the pollution can occur, when some materials that cannot be decomposed because of it was not reusing or recycling it back and not to forget the chemical used to create all these materials. One of the material cannot be decomposed is plastics type. Along with the effort on the development of green construction material in develop the lightweight concrete, therefore, the purpose to utilise plastic as additive for the production of Eco- Polyethylene Gunny Concrete (ECO-PGCon) is innovated from the idea of normal concrete method along. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of plastic as additive in concrete to the compressive strength of the concrete. The finding shown that characteristics of plastic as additive material in concrete will improve the strength and the weight in concrete. Thus ECO-PGCon contributes in reducing the pollution also promoting the better quality of concrete.

Dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water and for underground systems. Water supply, flood protection, irrigation, sedimentation control and hydropower are the specific purpose on why dam being constructed all around the world and its safety significantly affects the safety of personal property and the ecological environment in the surrounding area. Previously many failures of dam structures have been recorded due to the strong motion effects from the earthquake events which have changed the tectonic softening in the surrounded ground area. To evaluate the structural integrity of the dam structure, Real-Time Site Monitoring Using Electronic Piezometer Instrument and Structural Modelling Using Abaqus Software have been implemented in this study to provide the current view of the dam structural performance. The Electronic Piezometer Instrument will be allocated at the selected dam structure for certain period and then the on-site data will be compared with the predicted data under modelling method. It will provide a better view and learn on how the ground motion can degrade the strength and stiffness of the structural element due to the acceleration and duration under PGA, PGV and PGD as the amplitude characterizations. This study will provide a new perspective for other researcher to give an eye on the dam structure as dams, human and the environment owned a reverse interaction of relationship as they influence each other.

E-XHIBITION version 1.0 was an organized collection of artist database that participated on art exhibition using online application. It is easy to access by using any electronic devices such as computer and mobile phone. The artist database will be interacted with the art exhibition organizer. Art exhibition organizer should have access to evaluate the data. Google service platform such as google site, google form, google docs, google sheet, and google drive will become base for this application. This art exhibition organizer easily can obtain the summary of total participation, artwork image, artist profile with artist picture and artwork description. Artist would be able to check notification of acceptance artwork using this online application as well. This application will assist to shorten time consumed of artist database process and management time by the art exhibition organizer. It will help artist to easily access and check which artwork accepted by the art exhibition. Finally, this online application may be use widely by any art exhibition organizer and been upgraded in future.

Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk meningkatkan Tahap Penguasaan (TP) Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah (PBD) murid mempelajari Matematik  dalam kalangan 21 orang murid tingkatan 4Berlian tahun 2020 di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Paya Rumput, Melaka. PBD pula ialah pentaksiran yang berlaku secara berterusan sepanjang pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP). PBD bukanlah untuk membandingkan tahap penguasaan murid, tetapi bertujuan untuk membantu dalam perkembangan pembelajaran murid dan membantu guru menambah baik pengajaran mereka. PBD dilaksanakan melalui pelbagai kaedah pentaksiran seperti pemerhatian, penulisan, lisan, kerja projek, kuiz, pembentangan dan lain-lain aktiviti pembelajaran berdasarkan Standard Prestasi dan pertimbangan profesional guru. Berdasarkan peratus lulus PT3 tahun 2019 sebanyak 39%  menggambarkan tahap penguasaan Matematik agak rendah. Maka, guru perlu merancang aktiviti bilik darjah yang melibatkan pembelajaran aktif. Disebabkan murid yang dibimbing telah mencapai TP5, saya menyediakan Modul Projek bagi membolehkan murid-murid mencapai tahap penguasaan TP6. Untuk murid mendapat purata skor TP6, murid perlu membuat sekurang-kurangnya tiga projek daripada keseluruhan lima projek. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk berkongsi  pilihan beberapa tajuk projek dan panduan pelaksanaan di dalam atau luar bilik darjah. Diharapkan lebih ramai guru melaksanakan PBL  agar murid terbiasa dilatih berfikir kendiri secara kritikal, kreatif, inovatif dan berhemah tinggi. Maka dengan itu, penghayatan STEAM ke arah membentuk jati diri insan kelas pertama sebagaimana ynag dihasratkan melalui pelan PPPM 2013-2025 dapat direalisasikan. Natijahnya murid dapat cakna apa yang dipelajari dalam situasi harian secara berkesan. Sasaran jualan sebanyak minima 1000 buah buku kepada rakan-rakan guru yang dipasarkan secara atas talian.

Sumber maklumat perlu disimpan setempat dan sistematik bagi memastikan pengguna dapat mencarinya semula dengan pantas dan merujuknya dengan mudah. Sumber maklumat yang tersimpan secara tidak setempat dan sistematik boleh melambatkan proses pencarian semula dan rujukan. Situasi ini seterusnya boleh menyebabkan risiko pengguna lambat membuat keputusan serta keputusan yang dibuat tidak tepat. Akhirnya  ia  seterusnya menjatuhkan imej organisasi. Oleh sebab itu, sumber maklumatberkaitan dengan Covid-19 yang melibatkan Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Negeri Sembilan yang sedang tersimpan di pelbagai medium seperti di laman sesawang, e-mel, YouTube dan media sosial lain perlu disimpan setempat di dalam medium yang sama serta disusun secara sistematik demi untuk memastikan kakitangan dapat mencarinya semula  dengan lebih pantas dan merujuknya dengan lebih mudah. Sehubungan dengan itu, objektif pasukan ini ialah cuba membantu UiTM Cawangan Negeri Sembilan iaitu dengan menghasilkan produk berbentuk  PDF interaktif (PIC-19) yang mampu menyenarai secara setempat, lengkap dan sistematik sumber maklumat berkaitan Covid-19 yang melibatkan UiTM Cawangan Negeri Sembilan. Seterusnya, kakitangan boleh  merujuk dengan cepat dan mudah sumber maklumat yang disenarai di dalam PIC-19 dengan cara mengklik pautan yang disediakan berhampiran nama sesuatu sumber maklumat. PIC-19 juga berpotensi digunakan di organisasi-organisasi swasta yang berminat. Tindakan yang perlu dibuat ialah menyenarai semula sumber maklumat di dalam PIC-19 mengikut keperluan organisasi. Caj boleh dikenakan kepada organisasi swasta bagi perkhidmatan menyenarai sumber maklumat ke dalam PIC-19.

People with disabilities at conditions of difficulty in movement and bedridden are often problematic in moving around. Commonly, these problem arise from a paralysis, elderly, and even some pregnant women which difficult to fulfil daily activities. Lack of the ability requires people to use a device or equipment to help them move and transfer from point A to point B. During the process of shifting the risk to fall is high due to instability of transfer equipment. Therefore, Ke’sot Transfer Device is designed to ensure the consumer can manage by themselves who are less able to facilitate transferring from one place to another. Furthermore, Ke’sot can reduce caregiver fatigue during the process of transferring. Observation have involved to obtain information. People with disabilities experience problems in transfer and moving due to lack of self-sufficiency. Additionally, through an interview, a caregiver is not able to move a person because it requires a lot of energy. Therefore, more than one caregiver is needed to move a person from one place to another. Ke’sot is designed according to the suitability of the users. Ke’sot Transfer Device requires only one caregiver due the simple, practical design and structure. The appealing of Ke’sot will stimulate the confident and boost self-esteem of users. Moreover, it’s able to overcome the risk of falling on the floor during the transfer process. In conclusion, users will be more comfortable and cheerful used Ke’sot which improve the quality of life. Furthermore, it enhance give a positive impact and satisfaction of using Ke’sot.

Guru yang cekap menguruskan aktiviti pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan (PdPc) dalam bilik darjah atau bengkel akan melahirkan pelajar yang berketerampilan, berilmu, berakhlak dan bertanggungjawab. Sehubungan itu, penggunaan bahan bantu mengajar (BBM) banyak memberi sumbangan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman pelajar dan kualiti PdPc dikalangan pelajar dan guru. Projek ini bertujuan untuk mereka bentuk dan membangunkan satu BBM Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) bagi pensyarah Teknologi Elektrik KVSAS. Projek ini menunjukkan bahawa model ADDIE digunakan untuk mereka bentuk dan membangunkan kit Easy B-PLC. Lakaran lukisan dengan menggunakan Microsoft Visio 2010 dibuat terlebih dahulu. Kemudian, proses mereka bentuk kit Easy B-PLC dilaksanakan. Penilaian dibuat setelah proses reka bentuk siap dilaksanakan. Secara keseluruhannya, didapati kit Easy B-PLC dapat membantu pensyarah menjimatkan masa dalam penyampaian isi pembelajaran bagi mencapai objektif dan membolehkan pensyarah mengajar dengan berkesan, proaktif dan inovatif. Selain itu, pelajar juga lebih teruja dan berminat untuk belajar dalam mata pelajaran Teknologi Elektrik.

Nowadays, our industry has made it possible for all women to choose their preferred undergarment from wide brands and styles. A perfect bra sizing is not just a matter of aesthetics; it also concerns towards health too. Wrong bra size can be the cause of numerous health problems related to posture problems. According to D Risius 2014, women’s bra in the market is very generic and it’s hard to find the right size and comfortable bra due to the variation of body shapes of women’s. A bra is a form-fitting undergarment to support, cover, and elevate a woman’s breast. Bra designs are insufficient to overcome all of the bra’s problem. All of the physical and physiological issues to the woman’s body are generally caused by the poor design of bra components. It is important and crucial to consider and analyze bra design problems in Malaysia in order to grant appropriate strategies to alleviate these problems. This paper will discuss the co-design approach to mass customization in the undergarment industry. The purpose of this research is to understand the growth of bra specialization for women with uneven bra size problems and to build a new specialty bra market in Malaysia.

Meja Kerja Lipat 3 dalam 1 atau singkatannya MKL3iOne adalah sebuah meja pelbagai guna yang diperbuat daripada kayu. Meja ini direka bentuk untuk membantu menyelesaikan masalah penggunaan ruang, kerja-kerja pengemasan alat serta memudahkan penggunaan mesin eletrik terutama sektor industri. MKL3iOne ini dihasilkan dengan menggunakan kayu serta melalui proses pemotongan, pemasangan komponen menggunakan bolt dan nat serta kemasan. MKL3iOne mempunyai kebaikan daripada ciri-ciri khasnya seperti kaki MKL3iOne yang boleh dilipat serta beroda akan memudahkan penyimpanan, bersifat mudah alih serta menjimat ruang. Selain itu terdapat beberapa penyangkut bertujuan untuk menyimpan alat tangan dan mesin yang kecil supaya mudah dicapai dan menjimatkan masa pengguna. Soket juga dipasang pada MKL3iOne bagi memudahkan penggunaan peralatan eletrik untuk disambung kepada DC (Direct Current). Penggunaan MKL3iOne mampu memberi impak kepada sektor perkilangan dan bengkel kerja supaya lebih sistematik dan kondusif. MKL3iOne dilihat mampu dikomersialkan bukan sahaja dalam sektor perindustrian malah mampu bersaing ke pasaran luar negara.

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat keberkesanan Set U-Xchange (Set pertukaran unit) untuk mengatasi masalah pembelajaran penukaran unit bagi ukuran panjang, jisim dan isipadu cecair dalam mata pelajaran matematik dalam kalangan murid tahap dua sekolah rendah. Kaedah ini diperkenalkan kepada murid untuk menggalakkan murid mencongak jawapan. Set U-Xchange digunakan dengan memasukkan salah satu nilai yang dicari dengan memasukkan dahulu kad nilai unit tertentu ke tapak penukaran unit. Ini secara langsung akan membantu murid menguasai kemahiran mencongak dengan pantas bagi mendapatkan jawapan penukaran unit sama ada ukuran panjang, jisim atau isipadu cecair. Set U-Xchange adalah bahan bantu belajar murid yang digunakan secara individu untuk murid menjawab soalan penukaran unit pengiraan dalam matematik terutama kepada murid-murid tahap dua sekolah rendah. Set ini merupakan satu alat bantu mengajar bagi murid-murid untuk meningkatkan kefahaman mereka terhadap konsep asas penukaran unit matematik. Set ini yang merupakan alat bantu mengajar yang memerlukan murid memasukkan nilai unit yang dikehendaki ke dalam petak nilai iaitu dalam nilai kilometer, kilogram atau liter dan jawapan diperolehi akan dalam bentuk unit meter,gram dan mililiter . Aktiviti menggunakan Set U-Xchange ini akan meggalakkan murid mencongak jawapan dengan pantas dan menguasai kemahiran pertukaran unit. Setiap murid di dalam kelas boleh dibekalkan dengan set U-Xchange kerana penghasilannya melibatkan kos yang rendah. Melalui rekod pemerhatian oleh guru-guru matematik yang mengunakan U-Xchange mendapati murid-murid yang mengunakan set ini menunjukkan peningkatan kemahiran menukar unit pengiraan dengan menjawab soalan matematik yang diberikan oleh guru secara mencongak dengan pantas.  Pada harga yang mampu milik serta bentuk yang agak menarik menyebabkan set U-Xchange ini berpotensi untuk dipasarkan.

The Automatic Mice Feeding System (AMFS) is an automated routine base mice feeding technology design which is meant to be used in common animal house laboratory found in many research institutes. The design of AMFS comes from the use of recycle materials such as oil containers, bicycle chains, tubes, and gears. AMFS functions through a connection of its manual design with an online software program that allows users to access the program from anywhere with an internet connection. Different from other “fill it and leave it” design on the market, AMFS let its user to determine the amount of feed and the time of feeding as desired. By doing so, researchers will no longer be required to visit the animal house for feeding purposes which can potentially benefit important factors such as time, cost and energy. The world as we known today is moving towards automation of systems, yet there are still some laboratory procedures such as mice feeding that are still done traditionally and manually which sometimes proves to be tedious. AMFS can help change this situation and bring in new and innovative method in taking care and feeding laboratory mice.

Internet-of-things (IoT) air pollution detector is defined as device to ensure safety in monitor pollution levels, especially levels present in the air, by using IoT and attached sensors. It is a device that help to alert people through signal and alarm. It prepares the users to proactively recognize and control the situation when the air is polluted. The system constructed using MQ135 air quality sensor, Arduino UNO and NodeMCU to detect air pollution and display at the user’s smartphone thru the webserver application which can update data in real time and upload to cloud using the Blynk application.

Face recognition system is widely used in application of security system, surveillance system etc. Spoofing attacks have become the main concern in developing a face recognition system for authentication purposes. Fraudster may present the photograph of another person to the camera to manipulate the system. Hence, to overcome this problem, liveness detection with the combination of several techniques is implemented in this project. With the applied techniques, the face recognition system is impermeable to face spoof attack. Moreover, most of the existing face recognition systems could not recognize faces under bad light condition. Therefore, the system adopt an automatic gamma correction to alter the luminance and contrast of image frame captured from the real-time camera. As a result, the face recognition system able  to perform its function under various light conditions and able to prevent face spoofing attack.

SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. It helps industrials to control process remotely, monitor the real time data, interact directly with transmitter, control valves, motor through human interface technology and lastly to record data. Most of the SCADA system was installed for industrial automation. In housing distribution switchboard (DB), it is not common to install SCADA system. A DB with SCADA system that is capable to collect and transmit data to the control unit such as personal computer (PC) or smartphone and further remote control was proposed. Since it is dangerous when there is sudden cut-off of power supply of the main switch. The direct touch to re-open the circuit breaker or main switch may cause electrical shock if there is current leaking in the main switch board due to overload. The main objective is to integrate the serial communication between the IoT and the control unit. The fault alarm message will be sent to user when there is fault. The first domestic system for electrical energy monitoring by remote controlling using SCADA and human machine interface was developed. The main component of the proposed system is Arduino Uno, 8 channels relay module, miniature circuit breaker (MCB), auto manual AC contactor, and switch mode power supply (SMPS). Main supply is from the AC voltage 240V to the switchboard. The main switch is connected to the auto manual AC contactor for the auto and manual control of the electrical flow. A smart domestic switchboard was designed with the function of sending out the fault alarm message when overload (over current) happened. The proposed system is reliable, safer, environmentally sound and achieved 80% of accuracy for notification sent out and 100% of trip once overload was detected.

The gait cycle prediction model is a key technique to control assistive rehabilitation devices such as exoskeleton or orthosis. At the current state, the development of human
gait model uses mathematical approaches, while the dynamic characteristics of human physiology give limitation to the current approach. The existing human gait cycle prediction models require extensive kinematic and kinetic data of human body as input parameters, and the measurement of them needs special equipment, thus enable to be used in an assistive rehabilitation devices is challenging. In this study, three different machine learning algorithms named Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT) were used to develop human gait
models which potential to predict gait cycle. The input parameters for the machine learning algorithm used to develop the model are subject height, weight, hip and knee angle and ground reaction force (GRF), which consider as minimal input parameters. The models developed were further enhanced by introducing different sliding window data from hip and knee angle and ground reaction force for better gait cycle model prediction. DT with sliding window data (t − 3) was ranked as the best gait cycle prediction model due to it providing the lowest Root Means Square Error (RMSE) of 3.3018 and highest R-Squared (R-Value) of 0.97. The prediction model based on hip and knee angle and GRF was a viable approach of the gait cycle for assistive rehabilitation device control.

A new concept to maximize the energy production from the photovoltaic panel by changing the tilt angle and thus minimize the shortage to meet the demand of an isolated power system is introduced here. Since there are various locus of the sun over the year, the alignment of the PV panel should be changed according to the sun position. Therefore, a suitable controller to track the sun position has been developed. In this presented work, a dual-axis automated solar tracker is developed using a programmable logic controller(PLC) based Simatic 1500, stepper linear motors, four unit light dependent resistors (LDRs), and four monocrystalline solar panels. The ladder diagram structure-based is programmed in the PLC used to receive the input signal from the LDRs which is placed on the rotating frame of the solar panel. Meanwhile, the solar panels are located accordingly facing and detecting the position of the sun as well as the control circuit drives the stepper motors to place the solar frames towards the sun. The findings show that the performance of this developed solar tracker was consistently higher than the fixed solar panel. This observation proves that the power generated from the PV panel can be utilized to reduce the energy cost

This project is the latest news in home automation where integrate the multipurpose electrochromic window which is capable to sense the water and gas from the surrounding and integrate the technology to makes better friendly use, especially for disabled people. Electrochromic window (EC) is chosen in this project since the characteristic of EC will make the electric of houses decrease which more advantages if it is work in cooling season (raining day). From this dynamic change, it will be more interesting when EC connected to other commands like the internet of things (IOT), temperature and gas sensor. This innovation will help disable person toward a better life by control the window and provide information to them. The methodology designed to assess the goods of electrochromic combining to IOT platform. The project use DHT11 Humidity Temperature Sensor, MQ-2 Gas Module Sensor, Rain Sensor and Virtual Remote (Blynk) as the input, Meanwhile, the Arduino UNO and NodeMCU V3 ESP8266 Wi-Fi were used as the microcontroller to operate the output instruction. LED, Electrochromic Film, Servo Motors, LCD and Message (SMS) as an output. If raining, the splashing water can cause the indoor becomes wet and dirty. Leaking gas could be harmful to any user as it may cause an explosion without further inspection. Moreover, the fogging process from the certain organization could also cause our house becomes smelly. In addition, uncovered food will expose to the poison fog. So, the smart window is operated to warn the user when the sensor able to detect water or gas at the covered area. This smart window is also equipped with a best lock for security purposes. The user or disable person also can control this smart window by using their smartphone. In addition, this product is added an intelligent technology where user can be controlled easily by clapping their hands. It is highly recommended for the community in a residence to ensure their harmony and safety daily life.

The aim of this project is to detect gas that leak and to know the amount of gas in gas cylinder. Electronic component are Arduino Mega 2560 R3, 2 – Channel 5V Relay Module, Buzzer, LED light, Pressure Sensor, MQ-5 sensor, Exhaust Fan, Wi-Fi Module ESP8266, LCD, Electrical Air Valve and Jumper Wire. A 12V power supply is used as the power source for the exhaust fan and electronic valve. MQ-5 will detect the gas whenever gas leak and the pressure sensor keep reading the value of gas in cylinder. We can see the status in the LCD and at BLYNK application.  Once it detect the gas, as we programmed the Arduino the exhaust fan, red LED light, buzzer will turn ON , the electrical valve will turn OFF and also a notification send the user. Not only that, another notification which contents the level of the gas will appear in the BLNYK application. Both notification will be send thru the application.

The purpose of this project is to help user to give food to pet automatically and give notification using just blink app and the project. This project is using ultrasonic to measure distance and if the food container was empty and esp32 will give notification to the Blynk app smartphone. Furthermore, this project also use  Servo was used to let the food out of the container at the specified time using real time clock and its link with timer for automation, this will make user more easy to give food to the pet, manual button have been put in this project for the user. Finally, In order to replace manual activities and making work easier this project was the best.

In recent years, the popularity of smart electrical device in a smart home and smart office has been increasing. It represents technology and solutions utilized to automate, manage, and control devices located within residential dwellings and small businesses by means of various wireless networks and automation methods. The remote control has evolved a long way since the devices first used to remotely control various consumer electronics and electrical devices and appliances to support more integrated and comprehensive control. Conventional wall switches located in different parts of the house or office requires necessitates manual operations to control various appliances. This does not cater to the group of disabled people that need to operate the electrical devices physically, such as disabled people that are blind or people without limbs. This project proposed for smart electrical devices to be controlled using a voice recognition system with the internet of things (IoT) features. This project can be applied and installed in any smart home system, or space designed for disabled family members with physical or visual impairment. It can also be installed in hospital or wards, and places that demand a circumvent of bacterial contaminations caused by hand and fingerprints. This IoT voice recognition system will continuously listen and process the speech from the environment, in order to detect the exact command. The defining word will trigger the actual voice command processing, which will result in the action within the smart device electrical device. It will activate the home device wither to switch on or off. In this work, the final prototype will be tested and analysed on its accuracy and performance from different voices and the distance between the voice receiver and the home device.

The underwater object detection system with machine learning is designed to incorporate with Internet of Things (IoT) in order to monitor the creatures underwater whether the they exist or not at the certain places on the pond for the fisherman or even researchers to observe. This project can help them in terms of funds and manpower by implementing it on their pond or aquaculture places. The project uses Google Colab as the development platform of the detection system using Python as its programming language and by using Darknet framework to train the images through YOLOv4 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The dataset was obtained from the OIDv6 dataset website for the images of fish and shrimp because of the constriction during the pandemic causes us to unable to obtain dataset from the pond. The dataset that was obtained from the OIDv6 dataset is trained with YOLOv4 CNN through the Google Colab virtual machine. By using Google Colab, the user can access the powerful Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) that was provided by Google which we can use to train the CNN. After done training the CNN, we can use the CNN for the object detection system by inserting the input of the video of the underwater creature that we want to detect inside the Google Drive through the website which the link of Google Drive is provided. From the video input, the detection system is run and sends the output of the detection back to the Google Drive, which is then can be viewed by the user through the website. The CNN model has a mean average precision (mAP) of 46.09%. 

The Fridge Load Management System (FLMS) is introduced which can manage fridge load with AI and IoT alert. Using object detection, the system is able to detect types of drinks which are cans and bottles. The dataset images of cans and bottles is trained using two models, Faster R-CNN and SSD mobilenet. The system will count the number of drinks detected by the camera, which the data obtained is sent to IoT cloud which is Ubidots. The Ubidots dashboard will show the number of drinks detected and the stock availability. In the same time, if the number of drinks detected is zero, it will send a notification to the Telegram to alert the user that the drinks are out of stock. Faster R-CNN model get the accuracy of 97% and above in detection the drinks while 66% - 75% accuracy can be achieved when using SSD mobilenet for the drinks can and bottle detection. Using this system is better since it only need to use a camera as the medium to detect products instead of using many sensors which cause wiring hassle.

The reach of technological innovation continues to grow, changing all industries as it evolves. In healthcare, technology is increasingly playing a role in almost all processes, from patient registration to data monitoring, from lab tests to self-care tools. Heart attack is a common disease which many people that will go through this health problem when they reach certain stages of life. Many people among us lose their life due to heart attack which it might causes by their diet, age, or physical activity. Heart attack is difficult to detect, so our plan to reduce or overcome this problem by creating this project to helps the patient in detect early signs of heart attack. In this project, we use Arduino to process with the help of amplified signal from heartbeat sensor that placed indirectly onto the patient’s neck since the project named as “Heart Attack Pillow Detector”. The uses of Arduino to receive inputs from sensors and giving out output when it is done processing. When the system receives the patient’s heart rate are LOW and HIGH, the buzzer will activate and start alert to surrounding. After that, the GSM will receive the output and start sending the message to the nearest hospital or medical staffs according to the patient’s health. This project is built to develop an alternative way to prevent people from dying due to heart attack.

As the world started to evolve with endless technology and gadget, there are still places that have no electrical supply. Realizing the problem, many kinds of research been conducted until the project managed to be created. The solar and windmill power generator can be used by the traveller when they travel in the jungle or for the native people that live in rural areas. This project can help people in supplying the amount of electrical energy for the daily usage of the targeted people. Solar and wind energy are input sources from renewable energy that can be used at any places. It gives many advantages for many users and the most important, they are from nature. Besides, the project itself is compact in size, therefore it’s easier for the user to move it from place to place. The uniqueness of this project, the solar panel will automatically move toward the direction that has more sunlight controlled by servo motors and LDR sensor that been programmed using microcontroller Arduino Uno. The power gain for the solar and windmill will be stored in a 12V 7Ah lead-acid battery. The battery can be useful and be re-charged again. Since the battery is a DC source, it can be instantly connected to any DC electrical appliances. By connecting the battery to the inverter, the AC source can be generated and also be used to common AC electrical appliances. The extension trailing socket can be plug to the inverter and used for a mobile phone charger or lighting up the fluorescent lamps etc. Therefore, the problem of having an electrical supply in the jungle and rural areas will be solved.

The grinding machine is one of the power tools or machine tools used in grinding. It is a type of machine that uses an abrasive wheel as a cutting tool. The combination of milling and grinding produced a large machine, such as a CNC machine. For domestic purposes, the machine shall always be used separately in the manufacture of smooth metal, thin wood, and printed circuit boards for small, customized spare parts. The project consists of a combination of 2 individual power machines embedded in 1 system, which the user can control the milling and grinding machine. It is built based on an electronic component that contributes to the functionality of this project. In addition, this project can be used as a portable, cheap, easy-to-maintain and wireless tool through the Xampp App. Use open-source software as a manual and use the Universal G-Code Sender and Inkscape to create art. The short-term plan is to create an automated milling machine system so that it can also operate as a mini-CNC. The long-term plan is that this machine will have an AI system that can be used by the user to capture any object they want to build and that the machine will produce output objects according to the input object.  This project implicitly provides more benefits for consumers where low prices are provided rather than two different machines being purchased.

Covid-19 has caused a pandemic to the whole world and caused the spike of electricity bill announced by the Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) during Movement Control Order (MCO). Estimation made by TNB officers where residents’ usage was expected to increase twice or thrice fold than the regular usage. The spike in electricity bill due to the estimated usage from the past months of quarantine has alarmed the Malaysian citizens. This is due to the estimation made by TNB officers where residents’ usage was expected to increase twice or thrice fold than the regular usage. This project was designed to avoid an overcharged and to reduce the electricity bill as well as to increase awareness towards users on saving energy. This project was able to assist management of electricity bill for Malaysian citizen. Therefore, the objectives in this project is to create a monitoring system of electricity usage using Arduino as the microprocessor and to notify users on the electricity usage via email and push notification using Blynk.

The main purpose of our project is to provide people with continuous power supply to their home without having to worry about sudden cuts of electricity or power outage during critical time. Our automatic switching control system will automatically change from one source to another, by selecting the supply from any of the 3 different power sources that can be chosen by the user to power the load. We decided to take this project because we realize that the need of electricity in one’s own life is inevitable, in other words, they need a continuous power supply. They need backups or emergency power supply which something not many people used. Our system allows users to adopt their own power sources to be integrated into our system. Let’s assume a user decides to adopt Solar as their 1st priority source, Wind turbine as their 2nd priority source and Main from electrical grid as their Backup power. if Solar shall fail or its energy is used up or it has lower stored power than the other two power source, the system automatically shifts to the next available source with higher stored power for instance Wind turbine to power the load. If Wind turbine also fails or its energy is used up or it has lower stored power, the supply will switch over to the next available source such as Main and so on. Our system will also smartly recognise which power source has higher stored power than the other and that power source will be used as the main power source instead. This means the failure of the source that is being used will not affect the supply of electricity to the loads since the system will instantly change from one source to next available source.

Dengan perkembangan teknologi telekomunikasi serta teknologi solar yang agak pantas kini, “Solar Public Charger” (SPC) dicipta untuk memudahkan orang awam menggunakan telefon bimbit, komputer riba dan sebagainya untuk mengecas semula bateri. Projek ini dihasilkan oleh gabungan dua bahagian iaitu arus terus dan arus ulang-alik. Bateri 12V (DC) diperlukan untuk menyimpan tenaga elektrik daripada panel solar yang dijana melalui cahaya matahari lalu ditukarkan kepada arus ulang-alik untuk membolehkan gajet tersebut dicas semula. Keunikan projek ini ialah pengguna dapat mengecas semula gadjet mereka tanpa perlu mencari sumber elektrik. Pengguna boleh membawa “Solar Public Charger” (SPC) ini ketika melakukan pelbagai aktiviti dan kerja-kerja dimana berlakunya kecemasan iaitu apabila terputus bekalan elektrik. Disamping rekabentuknya yang agak ringan dan mudah dikendalikan, projek ini disasarkan kepada orang awam kerana gajet merupakan alat komunikasi yang sangat perlu pada masa kini sentiasa memerlukan bekalan elektrik ketika diperlukan pada waktu kecemasan.

Masalah kegagalan operasi lampu isyarat yang boleh menyebabkan kesesakan lalu lintas dan kemalangan jalanraya mencetuskan idea pengkaji untuk menghasilkan “Traffic Light Solar Backup”. Projek ini dikendalikan apabila bekalan masukan utama ‘main supply’ ketiadaan elektrik ia akan ditukar kepada punca bekalan kedua iaitu tenaga solar yang dicas pada sel kering secara automatik dengan menggunakan penukar suis automatik ‘change over automatic’. Kemudian bekalan elektrik ini akan memberikan bekalan kepada lampu isyarat yang telah dikawal oleh PLC ‘Programmable Logic Controller’. Apabila bekalan utama ‘main supply’ kembali berfungsi, penukar suis automatik ‘Change Over Automatic’ akan menukarkan kembali dari punca bekalan yang kedua iaitu solar kepada bekalan utama ‘Main Supply’. Model ini akan memberi kesan yang besar terutama apabila waktu ketiadaan bekalan elektrik dan melancarkan pergerakan lalu lintas.

Due to Covid-19 pandemic, the usage of temperature scanner is increasing. It is a must to check the body temperature and writing down important details before going into a public place to avoid the virus spread. Thus, an application MySejahtera was developed to make it easier to people and the authorities. The problem arises when in school, the students are not allowed to bring the phone. Therefore, this project is mainly target to school with students are the target user. Arduino Uno was used as microcontroller, PIR sensor was used in replacement for RFID sensor, LM35 was used as temperature sensor and Adafruit.com was used as a cloud for this IOT based project. When the students scanned the card, the valid card will allow the sensor to detect the student temperature. Then, from the Arduino, the data then will be sent to the cloud. The Arduino Uno was connected to the cloud by employing Wi-Fi module as the access point. Email notification are sent to the parents if the body temparature exceeded 37.5 degree. The system is also installed around the school such as canteen, library and prayer room to track the student movement. If there is positive Covid-19 case reported amongst the student, the school administration will be able to trace back the student movement history. This will help the school administration to take necessary action to stop the spreading amongst the students.

Pet is a companion and sometimes were assumed as family. That is how important pet plays part in the owner’s life. Sometimes, owner is busy with life commitments and did not have a chance to even provide the pet’s necessity such as food because they are just so busy or not at home. This will create an uneasiness and guilt of the owner towards their pet. This system used IoT system that receive data through IoT cloud database from simulation using Proteus software. Indoor pet monitoring system is a system that can monitor and provide basic pet necessities and comfort. This system consists of three subsystems, which are surrounding temperature, pet feeder and litter box. This IoT system uses an Arduino Uno board as the central controller on each subsystem, as well an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, which is integrated TCP/IP protocol stack and can provide the Arduino board access to the Wi-Fi network, which then is connected to adafruit IO to display the input and the output of the system. Surrounding temperature used LM35 sensor to sense the surrounding temperature and a DC motor that will rotate if the temperature is above and equal to 30 degree Celsius. Pet feeder and litter box used PIR sensor to sense the motion of a pet near it and trigger the servomotor to rotate. For litter box, servomotor will rotate only if it does not sense a motion after a while to filter the feces of the pet with the sand. For pet feeder, the servomotor will rotate if it senses the motion of a pet near it to dispense the food for a while and back to its original position. Therefore, having this system will make the pet owner’s life easier especially when they are busy with life commitment as it provides the basic needs and comfort for the pet.

Automatic car number plate recognition (CNPR) is a technology that detect the image of the car plate number and recognize the plate automatically. The application of the system has been widely used in various fields especially as safety precaution and helping law enforcement in high rise resident, highway roads and others. Much early research was carried out for CNPR purposes, but it was still difficult to detect license plates reliably in the open environment and the difficulty lie on complex backgrounds, lighting, damaged or dirty plates, defect of the plate, input image. The study proposes an automatic CNPR system that used convolutional neural network (CNN) to detect and recognize the car plate number. There are 3 stages involve for the car plate recognition which is the detection, character segmentation and the recognition itself. The detection of the plate is using Faster R-CNN as its detector. In the segmentation stage, an image processing technique was used to segment each character from the number plate. Then, for the recognition stage, a CNN was used to recognize each of the segmented characters. The experiment is run by using a MATLAB software. From the detection results obtain, the detection confidence score can range from 10% to 90% depending on the distance and angle of the car number plate images. From the recognition results obtained, the accuracy is above 98%.

Al-Sso Pesto is named after Brazilian spinach scientific name which is Althernanthera Sisso. Brazilian spinach are used instead of Basil as the base for the pesto.  The main purpose of introducing this product is to offer a new version of pesto by using Brazilian spinach as a substitute to basil and to increase the usage of Brazilian spinach in Malaysia. For this product, we used freshly picked Brazilian spinach from our own garden that does not contain any chemical fertilizers or fungicide that can lead to health consequences. It is proven that Al-Sso Pesto are safe to consume by all age groups due to its quality. It contains numerous benefits in term of nutrients to preserve human body condition and health. The finding of this study will give more opportunities for young entrepreneur to recognize and focus on the consumer needs and desires. It is hoped in the long-term, implications of this study will affect the existence of Al-Sso Pesto and guarantee this product availability will be long-lasting in the market. Currently, this new version of Brazilian spinach pesto product has not yet existed in the market. Therefore, it is a good opportunity to introduce this new product to the market and at the same time increase the usage of Brazilian spinach. Furthermore, this product will not only attract younger generation but also busy married couple and older family members because of its convenience. Besides, this product is promoted through social media since this platform is a great strategy to communicate and reach target audience in order to increase the awareness towards this product. In addition, customer can purchase this Al-Sso Pesto easily via Shopee and booth during any festival and event.

The pudding named Trifle Royal Pudding is made of layers of cake, banana jam, crushed cashews, mix fruits jelly, vanilla pudding, dried mix fruits and jala mas. It is inspired from the Royal Pudding from Pahang, Malaysia. Royal Pudding is a traditional Malay dessert that is consists of jala mas, smoked banana, dried mix fruits, cashews and vanilla sauce. This Malay dessert is not really being commercialized in Malaysia due to the difficulty of making jala mas and finding it sold in Malaysia nowadays. So, we aim to make it easier to consumed and at the same time commercialized this Malay dessert. The benefits of our product, Trifle Royal Pudding is that it is easier to consumed and to get because we plan to sell it at convenience store like 7-eleven or speedmart. The packaging for our product is in the form of jar container with metal lid makes it possible for the consumers to reuse the container thus will reduce the waste of plastics.

This local snack named Fiswy Chewy Snack from Otak-Otak is based fish snack that made from 100% homemade with using mackerel fish with some spice ingredients. Fish is a low-fat protein of high consistency. Fish also loaded with Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins such as D and B2 We create this product because we want to promote this local food to the market be invented it into a Fiswy Chewy Snack with using a natural ingredient. We innovated this local snack with use a fish paste and mixture of spices. After that, we shaped it into a thin layer and cook and dry it using an oven. Otak-otak is well-known among Malaysia. So, we try to create something new which we preserve the otak-otak using the drying method and make it as a snack that people can eat anytime. The Fiswy Chewy is a very unique Malaysian snack, hence, our target market is family and students who love to chill with family and friends. So, we are making a variant of otak-otak snack that people can easily get in the market. Instead of they have to cook or grill the otak-otak but with this product, we serve our customer ready to eat otak-otak snack that not require cooking method. We believe that Malaysians can accept Fiswy Chewy Snack because we notice that there is low competition for this product as in the market there are less Bumiputera products that produce fish snack. Moreover, Fiswy Chewy is a Muslim product, so that customers do not have to worry about the halal status of this product. From the sensory evaluation test, this product has the potential to enter the market as it gets positive feedback from the respondents. This product has been tested and the result showed 83% of the respondents love and accept the taste of the Fiswy Chewy. Most of the respondents agreed that the Fiswy Chewy has good colour and the highlight of this Fiswy Chewy, it has a unique texture with otak-otak taste. The local herbs in the Fiswy Chewy really help to enhance the aromas and make the flavour more interesting.

Cleo-man sauce is made up from raw material which is Maman plant or known as Cleome gynandra. Cleome gynandra is a species of Cleome that is used as herbs and green vegetable. The vegetable is a rich source of nutrients, especially vitamins A and C and minerals such as Calcium and Iron. The uniqueness of the Cleo-man sauce is it is made up from 100% natural colour from the Maman leaves. The strong flavour of Cleo-man will tastes well along with the sweetness and saltiness of the sauce. This is proven by the sensory test that we already conducted . In addition, the Cleo-man sauce can be eaten with almost everything and it can penetrate health-conscious people target market. Other than that, Maman leaves are popular among Negeri Sembilan communities yet easily found around in that state only. Thus, it can help to increase the economy of Negeri Sembilan’s communities.

Bijirin barli atau juga lebih dikenali sebagai (Hordeum vulgare), merupakan sumber terbaik serat pemakanan dan ianya mempunyai banyak khasiat tetapi penggunaannya dalam kehidupan seharian tidak begitu meluas. Pada era globalisasi ini, penggunaan barli sangat minima dan hanya digunakan dalam kategori minuman sahaja. Oleh yang demikian, perkara ini menjadikan perangsang utama pengkaji untuk menjalankan kajian terhadap kegunaan barli dalam penyediaan produk makanan terutamanya dalam bidang bakeri dan pastri. Pengkaji telah mengenalpasti masalah yang dihadapi dan ingin mengolah bijirin barli kepada satu alternatif lain sebagai pengganti tepung dalam pembuatan kek seperti red velvet cake dan biskut supaya khasiatnya dapat dikongsi bersama masyarakat. Dalam hal ini, pengkaji ingin menghasilkan serbuk tepung berasaskan bijirin barli serta menganalisis tahap penerimaan responden terhadap penggunaan tepung barli dalam pembuatan kek dan biskut. Selain itu juga, pengkaji ingin mengkaji tahap pengetahuan masyarakat berkenaan kebaikan dan khasiat barli. Kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif, iaitu dengan mengedarkan borang soal selidik kepada 50 responden untuk mendapatkan dapatan kajian. Dalam hal ini, pengkaji meggunakan dua (2) jenis skala iaitu skala guttman dan skala likert supaya hasil dapatan yang diperolehi lebih sistematik. Dalam kajian ini, kaedah penyediaan untuk menghasilkan tepung barli adalah dengan membersihkan bijirin barli terlebih dahulu, kemudian barli akan dikeringkan (dehydrated) dan dikisar serta diayak sehingga mendapatkan tekstur serbuk yang halus. Tujuan proses ini dilaksanakan adalah supaya produk ini dapat bertahan pada suatu tempoh yang lama disamping penjagaan kualiti tepung barli dapat terjamin. Hasil daripada serbuk barli tersebut, pengkaji menghasilkan red velvet cake dan biskut tanpa menggunakan sebarang tepung gandum. Melalui dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa responden sangat berpuashati dan boleh menerima rasa, tesktur dan rupa produk red velvet cake dan biskut yang dihasilkan menggunakan serbuk tepung barli. Pada kajian akan datang, pengkaji mengharapkan penggunaan tepung barli boleh diperluaskan lagi dengan mengvariasikan penggunaannya dalam penyediaan produk pastri seperti menyediakan produk siap (ready made cake and biscuit) dan sebagainya. Pengkaji juga akan mengkaji dengan lebih mendalam tentang struktur dan khasiat yang boleh diperolehi daripada barli supaya manfaat pada bijirin barli itu dapat dikongsi di setiap peringkat masyarakat.

Red Beetroot Butter is an innovative product which is produced from the sweet potato known as Beta Vulgaris. Unlike the other butter products available in the market, Red Beetroot Butter will not only suitable as basic ingredient, but will provide nutritious elements and natural colorings to the bakery products.  However, little is known on the knowledge and acceptance of this innovative product among the bakery lover or home bakers. In this study, the researcher has carried out qualitative assessment on the level of acceptance of the Red Beetroot Butter among the home bakers within Kuala Langat (n=30 respondents). From the assessment, most of the respondent believed (min=4.53) that the Red Beetroot Butter contains high nutrition as compared to normal butter products. The respondents agreed (min=4.16) that the beetroot butter can be used in production of various bakery and pastry products. This assessment has therefore implied that the Red Beetroot Butter is generally accepted as basic ingredient by the home bakers/consumers and they believe that the product has the potential to be widely marketed locally or internationally.

Abdominal obesity, also known as central or truncal obesity, is excessive fat in the abdominal area which can predict the risk of non-communicable diseases such as type II diabetes and cardiovascular disorder. A report by the National Health and Morbidity Survey in 2019 revealed that 1 in 2 adults in Malaysia had abdominal obesity, which was found to be highest among females. The World Health Organization has recommended the cut-off points for waist circumference (WC) that reflect abdominal obesity: >102 for men and >88 for women. However, this may not be applicable in Malaysia due to differences in the anthropometric characteristics when compared to the Caucasian. Studies conducted in Malaysia revealed variations in the cut-off points for the WC due to inconsistency in the methodology. We believe that it is more important to identify the cut-off points for healthy adults for early screening of risk of chronic diseases. Thus, to fill the gap, we conducted an experimental study to determine the regression model for aerobic fitness, a measure for cardiovascular risk, based on the WC for healthy males and females (N=228; aged 18-40 years). The predicted aerobic fitness was measured using the cycle ergometer based on the Astrand Rhyming Protocol. The regression model for predicting aerobic fitness with WC as the predictor was further confirmed using the Area under the curve (AUC) and Receiver Operating Curve (ROC). The AUC for males (AUC = 78.6) and females (AUC = 83.1) were considered high, which confirmed that the regression model has a high capability for predicting the risk of cardiovascular diseases.  From the analysis, the cut-off point of WC: in males at optimal sensitivity (86.2%) and specificity (38.6%) was 83.75 cm; in females, at optimal sensitivity (93.8%) and specificity (36.7%) was 81.25 cm. The findings suggest that the cut-off points found in this current study were slightly lower than those previously suggested. However, we believe that these cut-off points are more sensitive as shown in the analysis of the AUC-ROC. Thus, these newly found cut-off points for WC can be used by health care providers, school teachers, fitness enthusiasts as references for screening health risk and monitoring the effects of weight management or exercise intervention.  

GIS has been used globally to enhance the surveillance of disease and thereby reduce the disease burden. However, it has not been utilized in Malaysia for TB surveillance. TB remains an avid threat in Malaysia despite the availability of effective treatment and National TB Control program in place. The aimed was to develop hotspot maps of TB in Selangor and thereby help the Health Managers to direct their funds and control programs to the precise areas. The software tool can be enhanced for other platforms such as mobile apps to map TB more effectively.

Population aging is an important demographic trend in the 21st century. Malaysia is forecast to be an aging nation by 2030 when 15% of the population is categorized as elderly. Hip fractures result from falls, which are the second leading cause of injury or death worldwide with, the most significant number of falls among the elderly. Previous studies found that patients need long-term care after surgery and do not regain their pre-fracture functional status post hip surgery. Abilities to practice adequate and safe self-care will be the key to improving functional abilities and quality of life (QoL). Our team has developed HP discharge planning website to aid patients and their caretakers in managing their self-care management and enhance their understanding of care after a hip surgery. The HP Discharge Planning website consists of the English or Malay version that consists of general information on hip fracture, self-care after discharge home, fall prevention, safe mobilization at home and follow-up reminders. HP discharge planning website is accessible via mobile phone, laptop and Personal Computer. It provided the visual and video demonstrations to guide the user. HP discharge planning provided the full information required for transition care after discharge from the hospital. HP discharge planning will be empowered the user’s understanding and assisting the recovery process.

The shortage of professional eye care practitioners makes comprehensive eye care is not practical to implement in most countries. Therefore, vision screening is initiated to detect potential vision problems in paving referral pathways towards a full eye examination. Due to the time-cost-labor practicality challenge of tool-based vision screening, a questionnaire emerges as a potential complementary vision screening appliance in preventive eye health care. Self-Administered Vision Screening (SAVS) is a new vision screening technique that harnesses the best of both the questionnaire-based vision screening and tool-based vision testing for opportunistic screening purposes in adults. Its potential in preventive eye care is uncharted. SAVS leverages the unique properties of questionnaires: convenience, and cheap. SAVS also reduces the burden of expensive equipment-based vision screening by merging with simple and easy to do-it-yourself type of vision tests. Preventive eye health care has an impact on the quality of life. A healthier workforce increases efficiency and productivity that benefit economic growth. SAVS approach in vision screening may uncover the potential and pave the way towards digital engagement in preventive eye care. It has the potential to be commercialized as digital health apps.

A new framework for accurate modelling of arterial blood gases (ABG) for an existing SOPAVent model (Simulation of Patients under Artificial Ventilation) is presented for the predictions of partial arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), partial arterial pressure of carbon-dioxide (PaCO2) and the acid-base level (pH). SOPAVent elicited the predictions of ABG for pre-ventilator settings change and post-ventilator settings change. Two of SOPAVent’s sub-components, the relative dead space (Kd) and the carbon-dioxide production (VCO2) were developed with an evolutionary interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS), while the fine tuning of IT2FLS were performed using a ‘new structure’ particle swarm optimization algorithm (nPSO). The newly developed Kd and VCO2 frameworks were synthesized with the SOPAVent system for accurate ABG predictions. Validation of the new SOPAVent system was done using real patient data from the intensive care unit (ICU), from hospitals in Sheffield, United Kingdom. The performance of ABG predictions was compared with the previous version of SOPAvent, where Kd and VCO2 models were designed using machine learning algorithms. Positive improvements were observed for all ABG parameters; PaO2, PaCO2 and pH both for pre-ventilator setting change predictions and post-ventilator settings change predictions.

Drink driving is one of the leading factors in road accidents in Malaysia and recently became a hot topic. Although, there are many international laws have been drafted to control the alcohol influence among driver, however there is insufficient method available to monitor the alcohol consumption for public transport driver. This intelligent device was developed to provide real-time monitoring of Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) and deliver the data to the cloud system. The algorithm was developed by integrating the sensor and the processor unit. The device also integrates with the biometric thumbprint that will capture the heart rate of the driver. By measuring the heart rate and alcohol level, the system will interpret the data and convert it into the useful information. The command centre at the control room will identify the fitness level of their driver before performing their duty. This invention will have novel application not only in public transport, but also in manufacturing industry and public health.

This project involves analyzing and designing a system that works as an Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) to help people that are unable to use verbal speech to communicate by producing sounds based on the words entered by users. The main objective of this project is to help patients with various types and levels of speech disabilities to communicate about their needs and have a higher rate of Words Per Minute (WPM). Speakable Me provides three categories of speech assistant. Category 1 allows patients to enter the words with full spellings and the system will produce sound based on the words entered. Category 2 uses Morse Code, which is a combination of 1 and 0 that have been pre-determined and assigned to a word in the library. This category aims to help patients with limited movement since it only needs patients to use two fingers to press the keys. Next, Category 3 is a category that uses pictograms and has limited keys. Each key represents basic sentences and words that patients usually use. Patients only need to press one key and the system will voice out the whole sentence. Speakable Me also provides a feature, where patients or their caregivers can add their own words and voices into the library for Category 1 and Category 2. Sentences and words for Category 3 are limited to key 0 until 9. This system is developed using React Native, Visual Studio Code and Firebase.

Keep The Distance application system is an Android application-based system. This Android application system was developed due to problems among users about physical distancing. The new norm turns out to be difficult to observe by users comprising teachers in the Bilik Guru Mawar at SMK Bandar Tasik Puteri due to the lack of tools to give a brief warning to teachers if they are not within a safe distance. The difficulty in adhering to physical distancing in this COVID-19 era occurs because users find it difficult to estimate a safe distance and sometimes inflicted to maintain physical distancing. Therefore, the main objective of this system is to design an Android application-based system that can briefly alert in the form of a notification display to users so that they are always at a safe distance. The development of this Android application system is based on a RAD methodology that uses system prototype models. The Keep The Distance application system is built using Android Studio using the Java programming language. Meanwhile, Google Firebase is used as a database to store user data. The result of the development of the Keep The Distance application system can help teachers at SMK Bandar Tasik Puteri in the aspect of physical distancing.

The recent growth of cyberspace is ubiquitous and consequently been exposed to the intrusion of computers and networks by compromising their security, integrity, and availability. Malware attacks specifically in the type of trojans and worms are often to be the choice of cyber attackers to attack the network or digital devices that have vulnerabilities in an organization or personal devices. In order to provide an early warning system against this malware, a honeypot system equipped with Modern Honey Network has been proposed as a platform to deploy the Honeypot Dionaea script. Moreover, this honeypot framework implemented a Raspberry Pi as a placement for the Honeypot Dionaea based on a customized Raspbian OS. The main objective for the system development is to detect attacks through imitation services while being able to capture malware useful information that can be used for further action such as analysis purposes. This honeypot system is developed based on Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology which is a system prototype model. The proposed system will be able to store the data for administrators via MySQL databases and XAMPP will be implemented as a server to display an admin website. From the pilot test that has been done in Cyber Security Centre, National Defense University of Malaysia, this prototype is able to capture malware especially in types of trojan and worm then keep it in the SQLite database and log files while information about the attacker can be known such as IP address used for the attack. This prototype development of Dionaea Honeypot with Modern Honey Network System is feasible to detect malware attacks specifically trojans and worms and it can be served as a bait for cyber attackers to capture information about an attacker for analysis and defense.

KD Pomboboros is a mobile application developed by using a combination of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. The idea of KD Pomboboros came into realization because of the declining rate of native Dusun language speaker. KadazanDusun is the largest indigenous ethnic group in Sabah with 17.8% out of 3.2 million population. Although they are the largest ethnic group in Sabah, the number of people who can speak or write in their mother tongue is declining. Therefore, the mobile app aims to improve the ability to learn Dusun language process and to attract the Dusun people to learn their native language. Integrating mixed reality (Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual reality (VR)) technology into the app has a positive impact on user learning and engagement. By having this application, it is expected that there would be a growing number of Dusun native speakers.

EZ HomeTech is an online electrical service provider and specialize in repairing electrical appliances such as laptops, computers, printers and other household electrical appliances. EZ HomeTech allows users to get their electrical appliances checked and repaired by experienced and qualified EZ HomeTech representatives at their home or workplace. To enjoy the services of EZ HomeTech, potential users must first register at the EZ HomeTech app or website. The EZ HomeTech app or website has a menu displaying their services, online chat, user feedback, mode of payment, Q&A and terms and conditions of service. Once registered, users can select a service that they want (i.e. fixing laptop keyboard), choose the laptop model, select the laptop problem (i.e. from the list of potential problem), and submit their request. EZ HomeTech will response to the request immediately via the online chat menu to get further information about the request. Once the problem is rectified, EZ HomeTech will assign their representative to attend the job at the user’s home or office. User can make payment via e-wallet or online banking and rate the service provided by EZ HomeTech representative. EZ HomeTech has great potential and the possibility of creating job opportunities.

The importance of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education is critical in preparing Malaysia for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4,0), where technology and industry experience rapid transition. Mobile-based application and Augmented Reality (AR) is becoming more popular in the recent decade and has reshaped the traditional method of learning Mathematics in a classroom setting. Simple Mathematics is a mobile-based application using AR targeting deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children. This application is developed to assist DHH children that have difficulty in learning Mathematics. DHH children often face difficulties in learning Mathematics as this is due to the language deficit that causes struggle in learning and communication. The application is designed and developed with the DHH children and teachers in mind which specifically facilitate the children’s special learning needs. The main feature of this application is the integration of AR in with the mobile-based application to allow the DHH children to visualise and understand the mathematical concepts that are being taught in a more interactive approach. Currently, there are only a few mobile-based applications with AR that are specifically developed for DHH children to learn Mathematics. This educational application transforms a traditional book-based learning material into an interactive 3-D visualisation using AR. The Simple Mathematics application becomes a learning tool for DHH children and can attract their interest in learning Mathematics. Interactive education integrates computer technology in the classroom that gives a more engaging and fun learning experience for DHH children. With the advancement of technology, interactive education is available everywhere and it is easily accessed through mobile devices.

The passage of time and technology has changed many ways of life of society in the world today. Most of the work done by humans involves computer technology. This has made human life today faster and more systematic. UPNM Sports Facility Booking System is developed to facilitate the process of booking sports facilities available at Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM). This system is developed to replace the existing system that uses manual methods. In previous system, if UPNM residents want to hold a sports competition involving sports facilities provided at UPNM, they need to produce an application letter to UPNM Sports Center. Thus, the application process takes place slowly. Therefore, the “UPNM Sports Facility Booking System“ is proposed to assist the system administration in managing its facilities and ease the process of booking the sports facilities. This system will update the list of facilities available in the system every time booking process is completed. It also provides a preview of booking status to the user. In addition, it helps the system administration to manage the facilities’ information efficiently. The system administration can also search for particular facilities and easily view its information, as well as keep track of the available facilities. With all this features,  it is hoped that the system can help UPNM residents to make the process of booking sports facilities at UPNM faster and more systematic.

Dalam musim pandemik, para pendidik, ibu bapa dan pelajar memerlukan alternatif dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP). Pembelajaran secara dalam talian menjadi popular dan pilihan ramai pihak. Model PDCA dijadikan rujukan untuk melaksanakan inovasi ini. Berdasarkan pemerhatian masih terdapat sebilangan besar pengguna yang belum menguasai Google Classroom (GC). Kami telah menyediakan produk inovasi menggunakan TeleBot dalam Bahasa Melayu, berupa panduan cara menggunakan GC.  Nama TeleBot ialah KRMGC. Penggunaan TeleBot boleh diakses dengan menggunakan link yang disediakan melalui FB KRMGC dan blog KRMGC. Sasaran kami adalah golongan pendidik, pelajar dan individu yang masih belum menguasai GC.

In the era of globalization, the development of various system is growing rapidly to assist day to day task and routine. These days, the use of computer technology is widely used specially to transform manual task to computer based system. Here, student elections in higher education institutions have over the years become very expensive and involving exercises. Firstly, this project examines the challenges when conducting these student elections manually. Further, the system requirement analysis is performed to check the feasibility of an electronic system to be developed alternatively that demonstrates great advantages especially in introducing efficiency at the vote tallying stage of the election. In order to change the existing system used in UPNM, namely physical voting, the “Online Voting System of the Student Representative Council of UPNM” is proposed. The proposed system is developed as a result of a consultative engagement with the student and utilizes a very basic but secure approach to guarantee the sanctity of the development process. The proposed system will ensure the election process and the voting process can be executed smoothly and efficiently where the voters no need to attempt physically. Furthermore, the proposed system is presented a form that is more interactive and user friendly that is easy to understand with dashboard. Therefore, it is hoped that all current issues can be solved using the proposed system. Alternatively, the proposed system will demonstrate the applicability of electronic voting not only in the higher education context but also in other contexts that require an infusion of efficiency in the voting processes.

Bahan pembelajaran secara dalam talian, memudahkan guru, murid dan ibu bapa untuk mengakses maklumat dengan lebih cepat, terutama dalam musim pandemik. Hasil pemerhatian didapati terdapat murid yang masih lemah menguasai kata adjektif pancaindera. Berpandukan teori Kemmis dan Mc Taggart, kumpulan inovasi kami telah menghasilkan bahan secara dalam talian yang dinamakan Kata Adjektif Pancaindera (KAP) APP, yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan guru, murid dan ibu bapa untuk menggunakan bahan berkaitan kata adjektif pancaindera dengan lebih mudah dan berkesan. Pengguna lebih mudah membezakan penggunaan kata adjektif mengikut jenis anggota badan melalui maklumat yang disediakan dalam aplikasi. Aplikasi ini boleh dimuat turun dengan mudah dan boleh digunakan pada bila-bila masa. Hal ini juga sesuai digunakan dalam suasana pembelajaran abad ke-21 yang berteraskan teknologi maklumat.

Language learning using mobile application become a revolution for a learning platform as more people nowadays turns to smartphone and tablet. As there are numerous language learning mobile apps that have been developed, it indicates that language can now be learned by all people from different backgrounds and ages. Hence, an Android application on learning KadazanDusun language is introduced as a learning platform to respond to the new technology since there is no KadazanDusun learning platform using Android technology that provided for non-native KadazanDusun speakers. Boos as the name of the language learning application has developed to aid the learners to learn KadazanDusun language in interactive way. This application would be useful and provides effective learning to the learner. 

Air and sound pollution is a growing issue in this era. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the air quality and keep it under control for a healthy living for all. This is a project where we create a monitoring system for both air and sound through IOT. The system uses air sensors to constantly sense presence of harmful gases/compounds in the air, while transmitting all the data to the microcontroller. The system also constantly monitors the sound level of surrounding areas and send the data to the database. This allows authorities to monitor air pollution in different areas and take actions against it. Authorities are also able to keep watch on the noise pollution near schools, hospitals, and no-honking areas, and if the system detects air quality and noise issues, it alerts authorities so they can take the appropriate measures to control the issue. The system itself will save the data to the database over the internet. It may also have a mobile application/website to see the overall results of the system’s monitoring.

Terdapat pelbagai perisian yang digunakan untuk membuat persembahan elektronik, antaranya ialah Microsoft Power Point (ppt). Penggunaan elemen multimeda seperti animasi, grafik, audio, video dan teks dalam satu persembahan elektronik menjadikan penyampaian informasi lebih berkesan. Hasil pemerhatian kami, bukan semua pengguna perisian ppt cekap, dan boleh menggunakan ppt secara inovatif dan memaksimakan setiap fitur yang terdapat dalam ppt. Berpandukan Teori Kemmis & Mc Taggart, kami menghasilkan inovasi yang dinamakan PowerPoint in PowerPoint (PIP) untuk membantu pengguna ppt menguasai aplikasi ppt secara berkesan, dan penyampaian informasi yang berimpak tinggi.

In identifying an individual’s identity, many biometrics identification systems have been used as they have their own uniqueness. The use of palmprint as personal identification is on the rise since various researches have been done by past researchers as they have found the strength and uniqueness of the palmprint compared to other biometric. However, there are many equations to recognize each palmprint characteristic and the investigator needs to open several files for calculating different characteristics. It is very time consuming and a lot of works to be done in order to generate these equations for palmprint identification. Therefore, there is a need to develop a mathematical palmprint characteristic identification graphical user interface (GUI) so that the investigator does not need to repeatedly input the mathematical equation since the palmprint characteristics can be calculated based on one file. With the existence of this GUI, I-Palmprint the calculation of the palmprint characteristics can be made easily. Thus, fast results can be obtained in finding the correct match of the palmprint to its individual, especially in criminal cases. For this research, two palmprint characteristics which are the equation representing the crease lines and angle between two intersecting creases will be developed as the starting of this new GUI development. The equation representing the crease lines will be calculated using Lagrange Polynomial Interpolation and the angle between two intersecting creases using the angle between the tangent line. As a result, the GUI for those two characteristics has been developed successfully using MATLAB software. However, further research should be done to extend this GUI palmprint identification system using other types of palmprint characteristics.

The aim of this paper is to create a visual-stimulating augmented reality application for the history subject in Malaysian curriculum that can expectantly provide more engagement and inquisitiveness by the users who are secondary level students. The augmented reality application will allow the users such as, higher level secondary Malaysian students to learn and acquire historical knowledge in a more effective and efficient way. The augmented reality application will provide 3D models that students can view and interact with. It will also have voice-over feature for those who auditory learners or prefer to not read text if could. Furthermore, it will contain education video and animation related to the course to provide additional knowledge or act as an overview for the subject. The application will also have interface that is user-friendly that allows users to navigate through the application with ease. All of which the users can access through their smartphones which means the application will be in mobile mode.

This project involves analyzing and designing an application system that automates the IIUM Endowment Fund (IEF) in distributing the fund money to the poor and needy students or as well-known as B40 students of IIUM. The main objective of this project is to provide an alternative and effective way for the management in distributing the fund to the students. Matric Card E-Wallet is a name of the system which will be able to ease the process of distributing the fund through online and the money can be used by the students through the application. This project also ensures that the IIUM will be better towards cashless society. By having such an application, it will make the daily transaction easier and efficient. The application is developed by using the development tool named React-Native that is supported by the operating system Microsoft Windows.

Nowadays, climate change has become a serious issue worldwide as it is disrupting national economies and affecting millions of lives physically and emotionally. The world is more worried about the climate changes now because the experts observed that the changes have been speeding up. Thus, the effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to practise 3R which is reduce, reuse and recycling become more important than ever before. However, the lack of knowledge and awareness on 3R among Malaysian has hindered the effort to fight against climate change.
Therefore, the “Recycling Advisor” is developed to address the problems by providing advice on 3R to the wide age group of users. Recycling Advisor provides different features to educate on recycling matters. These include i. image recognition features which can classify the materials into recyclable or non-recyclable categories followed by advising users how to reduce and reuse the materials, ii. sharing of news regarding 3R and iii. a sharing platform which allows users to interact with each other and to share the ideas on how to reduce and reuse.
The main objective of this application is to provide knowledge on 3R. It is also developed to raise the awareness on the importance of practicing 3R among in our society. Aligned with the SDG goal 13 of Climate Action, this application hopes to help building a greener environment for a better and prosperity world.

ScanNGo merupakan satu Google form ( single form) bagi semua urusan sekolah. Sistem ini dihasilkan untuk tujuan meringankan bebanan guru. Dengan adanya ScanNGo guru-guru hanya menghantar data yang diperlukan  melalui google form.Guru-guru boleh menghantar data melalui talipon pintar mudah alih. Dengan berbuat demekian analisa data dan Format  Maklumat yang diperlukan dijana secara automatik. Penjanaan  data dan laporan akan disimpan didalam cloud Google. simpanan  data dan laporan ini hanya boleh di akses oleh , Guru Besar, guru-guru Penolong kanan dan guru yang dilantik untuk urusan tertentu. walaupun penggunaan QR CODE telah wujud di sekolah-sekolah namun ianya adalah satu Code untuk satu Urusan. Saya telah menghasilkan satu QRCODE untuk semua urusan. Ini akan menjimatkan masa guru-guru. Urusan yang telah diintegrasikan ialah , Kehadiran Murid RMT, Kehadiran Murid Kelas Tambahan UPSR, Laporan kawalan Kelas, Laporan Perhimpunan,Laporan RMT, Minit Curai, Penggunaan Bilik-Bilik Khas, Pencapaian sekolah, Kehadiran Guru KOKU. Amalan Baik ini telah memberikan impak yang sangat baik di kalangan guru-guru. guru-guru tidak perlu mencari buku kehadiran atau laporan pada setiap hujung bulan bagi melengkapkan. Ini kerana sistem ini akan mengisi semua data yang diperlukan secara automatik. guru hanya cetak dan simpan untuk tujuan rujukan.

This project is created to solve an issue that exists in our society. It is known that donating has been a culture that is widely practiced by many. It usually involves a person putting money in a donation box. Donation boxes are located almost everywhere in public, from shops and supermarkets to mosques and libraries. Due to the donation boxes being placed in public, there are risks. There are certain times where the money inside donation boxes or the donation box itself went missing due to it being stolen. Our main objective is to create a device that can prevent the donation box from being stolen. Therefore, we decided to create a smart donation box kit with fantastic security features. The kit consists of microcontrollers and sensors to determine the donation box’s state. It has a dedicated app running in both ios and android so that users can have the flexibility to monitor the donation box anytime and anywhere. When the box is being disturbed or moved to another location unwantedly, it will give off an alarm to fend thieves off and update the user. Using internet connectivity and GPS technology, the kit constantly sends off its location data to the user just in case their donation box gets stolen. Users do not have to buy a new donation box to use this kit, instead, they can install this kit in their existing donation boxes to make them more secure. All the guidelines needed by the user have been provided. On top of that, the donation box kit is modular, giving users the freedom to choose what features they want in their kit. With this kit, the users would not have to worry much that their donation box would go missing. To conclude, the issue of donation boxes being missing needs to be addressed, so we proposed a solution by creating a kit that people can use to enhance their donation box’s security.

Financial management is one of the most important aspects of human life, no matter whether they are adolescents, young and old. The important factors that need to be addressed is not only the money aspect, but it also will addressed the attitude or personality attributes. A person may have a lot of money but due to certain attributes, it may lead to the instability on his or her financial standing. Therefore, in order to assist the authority body such as Bank Negara Malaysia in solving financial management issues, we have designed an innovative and user-friendly application called Money Management System or MoMs. This application is to identify whether young individuals are aware of the financial management and its advantages (disadvantages). Users of this application need to answer some simple and practical questions related to finance and non-financial questions that will lead to a conclusion where the individual is a person who is well- aware and understand of the concept of financial management or otherwise. The system will furnishes recommendations on the next course of actions if the individuals understand and have exposure on financial management.

SurfSuite is developed to assist surface metrology related activities. Surface metrology can be defined as a way to measure the characteristics of the surface. Surface topography or surface texture study is crucial in surface metrology, as this study helps to identify the mechanical and physical properties of materials. Over the years, rapid progress has been made in surface analysis as a present in solution for R&D and quality management of materials with new characteristics and features in many fields of industrial and scientific research. The measured surface consists of uncertain error, such as noise error, vibration error, etc., which must be filtered and removed as these errors may affect the final result. Generally, this issue is resolved by developing a complex programming code, but each error comes with a different programming code, so the process is time consuming. Hence, the development of SurfSuite is therefore intended to provide a better result in the characterization of surface topography. SurfSuite is constructed by using a Graphical User Interface (GUI) in MATLAB software. It consists of filtering and modifying the data function. The filtering function provides functions such as plane levelling, Gaussian Low Pass and Gaussian High Pass, as well as the Median function used to remove noise error. The system also provides a NaN function that is used to replace the missing area during image processing. The system also provides data and height parameters for surface roughness. It is well known that the survey of topography is very important in the industry as it is used for the analysis of materials used in advanced technologies and devices. The application of this system not only makes it easier for the user to perform surface analysis, but also helps to properly demonstrate their functionality in the production of high-function materials.

The present invention discloses a system for austenitic stainless steel surface modification called low-temperature hybrid gas diffusion process. The process will result in the formation of a thin supersaturated nitrogen and carbon interstitial solid solution known as hybrid S phase layer. The heat treatment process performed at a specified temperature below 500°C, holding time and composition of gas (nitrogen, methane and ammonia). Based on morphology characterization, up to 13.3μm of uniform hybrid S phase layer thickness can be developed from the optimized parameters. Meanwhile, the material surface hardness increased up to eight times and improved the corrosion and wear resistance compared to the material matrix. The current practice of S phase development requires huge capital setup and giving the edge to conglomerate establishments. This system will be very beneficial to small and medium-sized enterprises that already into fabrication equipment for stainless steel, venture in manufacturing of biomedical implant, automotive components and any related surface modification applications.

A trolley is one of the most practical and affordable pieces of equipment that makes transporting heavy and light load easy and quick. There are various types of trolley available which has its own specification and uses. Most people use trolleys to lift heavy loads in large quantities. There are numerous issues associated in handling trolleys such as the absence of supports, the unstable load, limited functionality, difficult to turn, requires a lot of energy, etc. Stair Climber Trolley is an innovation project that aims to help users to lift large quantities of items and climb stairs easily. The fabrication process was carried out at the Project Workshop, Md Noor Sdn Bhd. The main material used to build this project is a high-quality steel plate with additional accessories such as rubber wheels, AC motors, batteries, etc. A successful multi-function trolley was built with the capability in carrying up to 100 kg load, and at the same time easy to install. Equipped with stopper, this product offers a better mechanism compared to existing trolleys in the market as it could climb stairs easily.

Asam gelugor used as a cooking condiment in most of Malaysian authentic cuisine. The example of dishes that use asam gelugor are gravy dishes as it lend as sour taste thus get rid of the fishy smell. Conventionally, the slicing of asam gelugor are prepared manually using a sharp tool i.e. a knife. Among the shortcomings of this manual method is the low production rate, operator easily gets fatigued and the hygiene factors. The increased demand for asam gelugor requires more efficient system to be set-up. This Asam Gelugor Cutting Machine is an innovation project that aims to help small-scale industries to produce asam gelugor in large quantities quickly and easily. The fabrication process of this machine was carried out at the Pritech Cheah Brothers Engineering Workshop. The main materials used to develop this machine are food-grade stainless steel, cutting knives, fruit containers, and wheels for mobility purposes. The operation test performed proved that this cutting machine can processed two kilograms of asam gelugor in just 5.15 minutes compared to the manual method using knife which took 15.46 minutes. This findings proved that the Asam Gelugor Cutting Machine can save operating time hence increased productivity compared to the manual method

Young coconut is one of the favorite Malaysians refreshing drinks. This drink gives satisfaction to all walks of life. Not only used as a refreshing drink, a soft jelly-like meat inside the young coconut is also served as a dessert. This young coconut water is widely sold on the side of the road and also in eateries. To open the coconut, one has to use a knife to shave the white exterior off until brown shell appears, then gently place the tip of the knife to leverage open the top of the shell. Based on observations, the whole cutting process could last in five minutes to be completed. Due to a slightly intricated process, one of the major shortcomings of this manual method is it requires a skilled manpower to get a perfect cut. Flawed cutting will also ataffect the quality of coconuts. Apart from that, a fatigue factor would probably contributes to low production rates. Considering all the limitations, an efficient cutting mechanism should be put in place.  Young Coconut Cutting Machine is an innovation project that aims to help small traders to cut the young coconuts in large quantities easily and quickly. The fabrication process of this machine was done at the Sinar Bumi Workshop. The main material used to develop this machine is food grade stainless steel. The operation test performed proves that this Young Coconut Cutting Machine is capable of cutting 20-25 coconuts in 30 minutes outperformed the manual methods using knife. 

Every part of the coconut has a unique use. Old coconuts are usually grated and made into coconut milk, while young coconuts are more popular with coconut water. The process of producing coconut milk from old coconut requires the fibrous husk layer to be removed, while to extract the young coconut water, the upper part of the young coconut skin needs to be removed before the fruit split in half. Among the traditional tools used to peel old coconut fiber are chop and klewang. The use of special stand is necessary for old coconuts to be stabilized in the soil to facilitate the peeling process. Meanwhile, the equipment used to remove the top of the young coconut skin and split it is called a machete. Both tools however require quite of strength and skills in addition to safety precaution as they are attaches to a very shape tip. This situation possesses challenges for unskilled people, women and the elderly. Pengupas Kelapa Eezi is built to help the process of peeling old coconuts and splitting young coconuts. Also, this project aims to save time for small-scale traders when peeling old coconut fiber and splitting young coconut in large quantities. Following a successful fabrication of Pengupas Kelapa Eezi, several studies have been conducted on numbers of traders in Kepala Batas, Bedong and Perda areas to compare it effectiveness in terms of time consuming and productivity. The result found that Pengupas Kelapa Eezi has reduced a significant amount of time in processing coconuts compared to previous methods.

A roll bending machine is a type of machine that enable bending process in metal sheet to a round shape. It usually has three rollers used to curve the metal sheet. Following curving or bending process, the workpiece then goes through the cutting process according to the required length size. Unfortunately, most of the roll bending machine available in the current market does not have these two features at-once, yet comes in in two separated machines instead. In addition, observation on the roll bending machines so far also do not have the capability to bend the workpiece exactly to 90̊ angle. Therefore, the ‘Hydraulic Jack Roller Bender’ project has been developed to address these concerns. The objective of this project is to design a 2 in 1 roll bending machine that can curve, cut and bend the workpiece up to a 90⁰ angle. This ‘Hydraulic Jack Roller Bender’ is an innovation project aims for building site construction workers as well as renovation contractors. The entire fabrication of this machine is done at Hardtech Engineering Workshop, Kulim, Kedah. The main material used for this machine is mild steel. An operational testing was conducted after the machine was successfully built and the results show that this ‘Hydraulic Jack Roller Bender’ can curved the sheet metal into a round shape then cut the workpiece not only at 90° but also 45° angles. In conclusion, the development and innovation of ‘Hydraulic Jack Roller Bender’ has achieved the objective.

Learning Kit is an innovative method that facilitate the process of information sharing among students and educators. Nowadays, various learning kit were built and implemented by educators aims to assist students understand the subject more easily and systematically. Articulate Robots Learning Kits in an innovation project designed to support the similar purposes. Corresponding to the most application of robot in industry today, this articulate robot has more than three axial movements enable clear movement mechanism to the students. Align with Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0), the Internet of Things (IoT) element has been used in this project which involves the expansion of the internet through devices such as computers and smartphones. This integration allows a better communication which can be observed and controlled remotely. Apart from that, the application of additive manufacturing using a three-dimensional printer (3D Printer) gave additional value to this kit while at the same time sync with the goal to cultivate IR4.0 elements in education tools.

DUA-D is a hands-free and portable mechanical device that combines a tissue dispenser and hand sanitizer into a single product. In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, the idea for DUA-D was raised because there is a lack of hands-free tissue and hand-sanitizer dispensers especially in public places such as food stalls, food courts, and school canteens. The combination of a tissue dispenser and hand sanitizer will provide a one-stop center for hand cleaning which is part of the recommended 3W campaign which are Wash, Wear, and Warn in the fight against COVID-19. The design for DUA-D was done using the Solidworks software. Simulation for the product was done using the animation function in Solidworks to visualize the operation of the product. DUA-D has great commercialization potential as there is no product currently in the market which provides a combination of tissue dispenser equipped with hand sanitizer which can be operated handsfree and cost-friendly. In terms of application, DUA-D can be used in various locations especially in public places in this new normal era.

Projek ini dihasilkan bertujuan untuk memudahkan para mekanik melakukan penyelenggaraan brek kenderaan. Ia digunakan untuk menolak omboh brek kembali ke tempat asal dengan lebih mudah, efisien dan selamat. Di samping itu ia juga  menjimatkan masa dan tenaga . Pengendaliannya yang mudah dapat meningkatkan kecekapan proses penyelenggaraan brek kenderaan. Ia juga ringan dan mobility serta menjimatkan ruang penyimpanan

Sweeping or flapping is the propulsive action applied to drive the boat shell, especially for small boats. The movement is repeated either by human power or the equipped motor. The fluid flow around the blade of sweeping or flapping are interesting to be investigated, and the scope of the study falls into fluid mechanics. During the sweeping or flapping, turbulence flows to happen which combines with water surface and leading edge vortexes. Combination of these aspects is very challenging to understand. Thus, by designing and fabricating WaterBlade AA, it helps students understand the fluid mechanics involved and at the same time, facilitate the research to include human biomechanics factor to investigate further.  WaterBlade AA is designed to enhance student understanding of fluid mechanics related to the blade movement. Besides the machine also used to expand knowledge related to fluid flow and biomechanics based on a real simplified model of boat 
     Based on the testing and data collection process, WaterBlade AA can extract much information that previously hard to collect. Based on one of the studies carried out, students understand how the vortex is generated as the blade moves. This finding is related to hydrodynamic, which the generated force and pressure can be used to determine efficiency and energy lost due to turbulence. Besides, based on the feedback from the water sports athletics. He now knows how to convert human biomechanics factor efficiently to push the boat far forward to control the rest of the race. This the information is one of the added information for the researcher to see the relationship between fluid mechanics and biomechanics. One of the important impacts on sociality is helping the student relate what they learned in the textbook by simplifying the real mechanics and its application. The obtained information enhances the understanding of the fluid mechanics and biomechanics, leading to improve the related field, especially the water sports performance.       

Smart pipe is invented as an innovation project because most of workers today had a limited time to manage their plants. It comes with a unique time recording device to control the watering work that can be set by the user. For example the user can set the watering time to 8 am and 5 pm daily.  The watering work will happen within one minute and can save user’s time and energy. It is created to ease the watering work especially for full time worker manage their plants, low cost to build the smart pipe and also man energy saver. It can be used by some groups of people such as farmer, gardener and housewives who has limited time and area of land. It is user-friendly especially for mini garden. Everyone can afford smart pipe because it is cost-effective and easy to build also suitable using this smart pipe, during the pandemic Covid19. It also reduces water usage because it is located around the plants. Its positive impacts will assist and benefit to inventors, farmers, nursery entrepreneurs and housewives. Hence, this innovative product was introduced circulated in-house training.

Water is essential to life. Clean water can be hard to find if you get stranded in the wild or if there is an emergency. Imagine if you find yourselves out of clean water in an unfamiliar area or during an emergency. Even if you manage to find the water supply, you must be able to strain out impurities that can make you sick. Hence, an idea to design and build a device that can clean dirty water using materials around our home is born. The eco-friendly water filter cum dispenser with paper soap model named FIDES is constructed by using two plastic bottles. All other materials are easily obtained at the local stores with economical cost or from recyclable items and nature. The FIDES is a compact lightweight device that can be easily carried during an emergency or outing.  The first function of the FIDES is to remove debris such as soil, dirt, sediment, sticks, leaves, and any animals living in the water. The second function is to dispense the clean filtered water without wastage of water as it does not leak or flow when the lid is closed. The dispenser also used to store clean filtered water. Lastly, a paper soap storage area is included in the FIDES device. Paper soap is created to replace the conventional soap bar. The conventional soap bar is very unhygienic, very easily causes cross-infection, and makes disease transmission if it is shared. While for paper soap, it is taken individually each time a user wants to use it, just add a little water to dissolve the paper soap and get the same cleaning effect as the conventional soap bar. Thus, we believe that FIDES could help many people during emergencies or outing. The world would become greener as all materials used in FIDES are eco-friendly. Besides FIDES can be commercialized as it is affordable.

This product is invented specifically in line with the recent needs of online learning among students especially primary school students. The idea to invent SPLEND-IT: My Smart Portable Learning Desk evolves when recently, most teaching and learning activities are implemented online. This unique, novel invention is designed to create comfort environment for the students while going through online lessons. SPLEND-IT has many advantages. It is produced from light weight material and comes with a special carrier. Therefore, it is portable and can be carried anywhere, not only learning from home. Learning can be done everywhere even in our home town. This smart, portable desk is specifically intended to be used in line with online-based education. SPLEND-IT is designed to provide interactive learning environment among students (especially primary school students) as they need to experience electronically supported learning. It is designed with adjustable height, easy to handle and use. SPLEND-IT is a product that has very high impact to the target group where it is aimed to facilitate students to make playing and learning fun. It is also aimed to enhance intelligence among students as it comes with an interactive learning board.  This product will be of interest of many users. Thus, it has a good commercialization prospect and has the potential to be marketed.

Implementasi Kemahiran matematik bagi murid lemah menjadi   satu cabaran bagi murid dan guru dalam Pengajaran dan  Pembelajaran. Media sosial dipenuhi dengan luahan guru dan murid menunjukkan rasa fobia kepada para murid pemulihan    apabila soalan aras tinggi matematik diberikan dalam peperiksaan awam. Justeru, inovasi ini dijalankan untuk membangunkan dan menilai penggunaan THE VOICE BOOK (TVB) dalam meningkatkan penguasaan murid lemah dalam kemahiran asas matematik    supaya tidak tertinggal jauh jika dibandingkan dengan murid biasa. Bagi menilai perisian ini, data dikumpulkan melalui instrumen    iaitu ujian pra dan pasca san soal selidik. Hasil daripada penilaian yang dijalankan keseluruhan menunjukkan perisian TVB adalah sesuai digunakan dalam meningkatkan kefahaman murid dalam menyelasaikan masalah ini.

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat keberkesanan Set BM-SiAP untuk mengatasi masalah pembelajaran menulis karangan Bahasa Melayu dalam kalangan murid tahap dua sekolah rendah. Set BM-SiAP mengandungi lima bahagian yang perlu diikuti oleh murid semasa menulis karangan iaitu  B yang mewakil Bila?,M yang mewakili Mengapa?, Si yang mewakili Siapa?,A yang mewakili Aktiviti dan P yang mewakili Penutup. Set BM-SiAP adalah bahan bantu belajar murid yang digunakan secara individu untuk murid melengkapkan  soalan karangan Bahasa Melayu terutama kepada murid-murid tahap dua sekolah rendah yang kategori lemah dan sederhana. Set ini merupakan satu alat bantu mengajar bagi murid-murid untuk meningkatkan kefahaman mereka terhadap konsep asas menulis karangan Bahasa Melayu. Murid dapat menulis karangan lengkap dengan mengikut langkah demi langkah melalui set ini. Murid-murid dapat menyiapkan sebuah karangan lengkap yang mengandungi sekurang-kurangnya 5 perenggan. Set inovasi ini yang merupakan alat bantu mengajar boleh dibawa ke mana-mana sahaja kerana ianya bersaiz kecil serta ringan. Setiap murid di dalam kelas boleh dibekalkan dengan set BM-SiAP kerana penghasilannya melibatkan kos yang rendah .Melalui rekod pemerhatian oleh guru-guru Bahasa Melayu yang mengunakan BM-SiAP, mendapati murid murid yang mengunakan set ini menunjukkan peningkatan kemahiran menulis karangan Bahasa Melayu apabila menjawab soalan karangan yang diberikan oleh guru.  Potensi untuk set BM-SiAP ini untuk dipasarkan amat tinggi kerana harganya yang mampu milik dan bentuknya yang menarik.

Green Putrajaya is a mobile application designed to improve the quality of waste management in Putrajaya and to give awareness to the Putrajaya community on the importance of waste management. Around 16,000 tonnes of waste produced by Malaysian on daily basis, with the number keep increasing from day to day. The same thing happened in Putrajaya where lots of waste was produced in a day which caused illegal dumping. Thus, Green Putrajaya is designed to improve the quality of waste management and to make the community aware of the importance of waste management. Green Putrajaya is built with Putrajaya as a city model as the innovation focuses on the Putrajaya community. The application introduced a Recycle Centre locator for users to easily recycle their rubbish and My Bin for users to schedule their home dustbin waste collection and cleaning with service providers. Also, there are games and videos to give awareness to users on the importance of waste management. This application can be installed in most smartphones and tablets which can give easy access to the community towards proper waste management. Green Putrajaya can be commercialized to all its community since the application can easily be accessed from Google Play. The application can be improved by collaborating the application with other main services like instant delivery and postage which would be more beneficial to the Putrajaya community.

The Social Distance Spectacles called SODIS is innovated by using an ultrasonic sensor, buzzer, and Arduino uno. All these materials are easily obtained at local electrical shop with economical cost. This electrical powered SODIS design started from an open source software called “Arduino” that could be used to code single board microcontrollers for building digital devices.  This software is used to limit the distance detection by the ultrasonic sensor to only 100cm (1 meter).The actual SODIS prototype was installed with a buzzer that alerts when anyone comes in contact less than 1 meter. Through a series of test, SODIS incredibly helped to maintain the social distance when in public space. The SODIS prototype has great potential and capability to enter market because of the need of public to have a proper device during this corona pandemic to safeguard themselves by maintaining 1 meter distance from people in public. This light weighted SODIS also will be tremendously helpful for the school students to alert them to maintain 1 meter distance all the time.

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji keberkesanan kaedah sifir segitiga dalam tajuk operasi darab dan bahagi dalam kalangan murid tahun 4 - tahun 6. Kaedah sifir segitiga ini melibatkan nombor - nombor yang diisi dalam segitiga yang terdiri daripada 9 bahagian dibina berlandaskan model Kajian Tindakan Kemmis dan McTaggart. Reka bentuk kajian ini berbentuk penyelidikan kuantitatif. Sampel kajian ini terdiri daripada 30 orang murid dari tahun 4 hingga tahun 6 dari SJK(T) Ladang Sungai Kruit, Sungkai,Perak. Terdapat seramai 15 orang murid dalam kumpulan kawalan manakala 15 orang murid dalam kumpulan rawatan. Data dikumpul melalui ujian pra, ujian pos dan soal selidik. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 25.0. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kaedah sifir segitiga dapat membantu murid meningkatkan penguasaan darab dan bahagi. Sifir segitiga ini dapat menjadi alternatif dalam menguasai operasi darab dan bahagi dengan berkesan.

This project is illustrated about the eco-friendly environmental building materials that can be used to build houses. The main aim of this project is to compare the cement bricks with the straw bales using the temperature and compression strength perspective. The choice of basic building materials is an important part of each building and is generally based on professional judgment like taking into consideration the importance of various criteria such as temperature, strength, cost and health aspects. Cement bricks is the most commonly used building materials worldwide. Whereas, straw bales which are commonly available and having many beneficial criteria’s but still poorly utilized because of the dearth of knowledge about the advantageous and benefits of it. The outcome of this project proved that, the more the number of straw bales used in the bricks the less the heat released by the bricks in a certain amount of water levels. It is very important to know the difference between natural types of materials and artificial types of materials which may cost many disadvantages to the health of the human being as well as to the surroundings. Therefore, from the final results of this project, it could be concluded that, considering the use of straw bales is a good alternative to the cement bricks in sustaining good environmental, health and temperature values for the nature.

ECO STAIN REMOVER
The investigatory Project on Roselle Stain remover was conduct to detetmine the alternative product in removing the stain in utensil  This investigatory project research specially aims to make an alternative product in Clorox in removing stains. It also to protect the hands, our body skin and environment in the strong chemical that Clorox containing.  The Roselle native homeland is in Southeast Asia. It can also lessen the expenses of people that will buy Clorox. The study tries to help environment by substituting the chemicals used in a Clorox by using roselle syrup which is abundant in our country.It doesn't have a bad effect towards our enviroment and health and is make fromsomething that abundant in our country is very helpful.

Eco    Pot   excellent   for   seeds      starting  transplants. It is 100% natural   and   biodegradable.   Completely  biodegradable pots make seed starting easy transplant seedlings pot and all, directly into garden, reducing transplant shock. Pots   add   nutrients  to   the   soil as they    degrade plants thrive in these pots.   The cow dung  mixed with  neem and are pressed into pots using Eco Pot Machine.  After planting in the   garden,  it provides    essential organic nutrients.

   Eco Pots  produces healthier roots by air pruning ,creating   lots of   smaller finger   roots. These   roots   absorb       moisture    and      nutrients more efficiently so plant grows faster and stronger. An   Eco Pot is an     exciting high-performing alternative to      plastic    and peat pots. It gives  you  the    benefits of  manure and allowing roots to quickly expand and grow a stronger, healthier plant. We have also created Eco Pot machine to produce more eco pots in  a shorter period of time. At the same time it will minimize the worker’s time as well as worker’s burden.

Green source is an energy system which helps to preserve the environment and also a renewable energy sources .Renewable energy, often referred to as clean energy, comes from natural sources or processes that is constantly replenished. Renewable energy generating energy that produces no greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels and reduces some types of air pollution and ecosystem damage . In this modern world , the development and maintenance of ecosystem is very unbalanced . The  pollution occurs here and there but energy sources is not managed efficiently .Excessive usage can cause environmental pollution and lack of energy sources . So, we must act immediately to curb this problem before it gets worse by building a new city with green smart city concept . The main objective  of the design model innovation is to give an idea to city developer to build and create smart and modern city without damaging the environment .The Green City is a city that is “in balance with nature,” where all forms of nature—from living organisms to their habitats—are highly significant components of the urban form and part of green infrastructure. In a Green City, all forms of nature are respected, maintained, and extended for the benefit of city residents. On other hand ,by using renewable energy the green smart city design model has systematic waste management, and also attractive and modern design of buildings. The transportation system in  this city is using solar and electricity  .Economic activities such as industrial, agriculture, and livestock with a modern concept and have advanced information and communication technology facilities .The built-in model is specially designed with variety function like twin towers and telecommunication tower .There are facilities such as hospitals, apartments, playgrounds, modern transportation such as high-speed trains, solar cars and cable cars. Last but not least , by having this high  technology concept of green city could increase the quality of life as it  decrease the pollution and preserve the environment . In the nut shell , as world resident we need to take the responsibility to make this earth  a better place.

This product is innovation of photochromic materials used as wristband to alert the sportmans or athletes of their phsical exhaustion level by changing the colour. This product is consist of heat-sensitive colour changing pigments that can darken and reversible change of color as heat applied. Moreover, this product can also be one of solution on prevention of sudden cardiac death during sports.

"EO2G" - ELEVATOR OXYGEN GENERATOR function during an emergency (keep you comfort) innovation aims to solve the challenges that usually happen to Elevator's passenger at the residential building (Condo, Apartment) and high-rise commercial building. The "EO2G” - ELEVATOR OXYGEN GENERATOR function during an emergency designed to save passengers trap inside the Elevator. The challenge is that the Elevator can trigger system failure or malfunction during its operation. The Elevator could stop in between any floor without producing an alarm for Elevator's users. During this situation, the Elevator's passenger needs to rescue immediately. The Elevator can stop at any point in time and level. Often, the passenger will trap inside the Elevator unattended, and there will be a situation that the users saved and disembarked after a few minutes or hours. The situation can cause significant chaos, trauma for passengers and loss of consciousness, probably due to lack of oxygen or poor atmosphere. The "EO2G" - ELEVATOR OXYGEN GENERATOR can become an immediate solution to save the passengers immediately from loss of consciousness when the Elevator stopped without power and proper ventilation. The "EO2G" - ELEVATOR OXYGEN GENERATOR system will function automatically during an emergency and send a signal to the operator's control room to standby. This "EO2G" - ELEVATOR OXYGEN GENERATOR has numbers of Oxygen Masks, and one Chemical Oxygen Generator (CO2G) stored inside a small compartment mounted on top of the Elevator Ceiling. The "EO2G" is functioning on independent systems operates on a different power system. The "EO2G" has a unique system where it designed to function in a simple operation. Therefore, an initiative is an innovation created to help passengers ride on the Elevator without fear of losing consciousness. The solution is "EO2G". "EO2G" is a system that consists of one box which has an Oxygen Supply Unit Module (OSUM) installed on top of the elevator ceiling. OSUM comprises few masks depending on the elevator occupancy quantity and one Chemical Oxygen Generator (CO2G) stored inside one box. The Oxygen Supply Unit Module (OSUM) has a control system that monitors the elevator movement via a position sensor connected with the POWER MODULE. When the Elevator loses its power by failing to receive electricity from a primary power source from the building, the POWER MODULE will send the signal to OSUM to trigger the OSUM box door to be open, and Oxygen masks will drop. Passengers need to pull the mask to trigger the CO2G to activate and produce oxygen. The passengers can use the oxygen supply for 15 minutes until they receive assistance from the rescue team. The CO2G duration provides oxygen to passengers based on the chemical's contents and the size of the CO2G the customers want or can standardize to one size. One OSUM can use for three passengers inside the Elevator. "EO2G" is a user-friendly maintenance product, and once the CO2G chemical depleted, it has to replace with a new CO2G. The mask can be cleaned with a cleaning agent and restore. The frequency of "EO2G" utilization will be less as it only used during an emergency. The OCUM required monthly inspection to ensure the OCUM is in good condition. This "EO2G" can be applied widely in any elevator to save people's lives from trauma and any other unknown threat which cause loss of consciousness to passengers during rides on the elevators. This invention will only support new elevator design and integrated with the "EO2G", suppose it installed in a residential building (Condo, Apartment) and high-rise building. The product will give the users a more excellent safety environment and experience safe product features beyond user experience. Interruption of the supply of normal or ambient air or exposure to an oxygen-poor atmosphere until the period that the capacity to work efficiently may be lost, at which point a person affected will no longer be able to take standard corrective or preventive steps. The "EO2G" system development highly required for any commercial building and high-rise residential building. The "EO2G" system has a tremendous potential of going for global product and solution. In the first phase, the focus is on concept design to complete first. Next is identifying a few goods and bad parameters such as (power, strength, speed, shape, the weight of moving object and a stationary object, use of energy by moving object, areas of moving object, stress, the stability of an object, quality of matter, reliability, ease of operation and automation capability) with prototype design on a miniature scale. The next recommendation and system improvement are to look at Artificial Intelligence integration into the system whereby "EO2G" OCUM will have it on the lower atmosphere's detection system until the period that the capacity to work efficiently may be lost. In the second phase, the design stage is towards preparing a backup portable OCUM, and the system will be complete and ready for commercialization.

The main goal of the Smart Fruit Tree Organizer (SMAFTO)  was to develop a fruit bagging mechanism  and fruit plucking mechanism that is manually operated by a single user without the use of any high technology electrical operated hardware. The use of SMAFTO to cover fruit by bag  is promoting organic way farming to control insects and pests. The SMAFTO is uniquely designed with an adjustable pole mechanism, making it capable to reach fruits at different heights. The device is also equipped branch cutter that makes the user to cut small branches of tree. Each component of SMAFTO is designed ergonomically to reduce fatigue, stress and to require minimal amount of strain. The tool is targeted for farmers and homeowners therefore, the entire assembly easy, making easy to transporting and priced at an affordable cost of  RM 8.00. The SMAFTO also have some limitation and the future upgrades can be done to overcome the limitation.

Emping Energy Bar (E2B) are self-prepared energy bar made from a delightful rice flakes or Emping mixed with dry fruits, nuts fragrant coconut flakes coated with creamy peanut butter and honey as the natural sweetener. Prepared by oneself, E2B serves as an excellent breakfast on the go and can be prepared without any heat related utensils and takes less than ten minutes to prepared. Emping as the main ingredient, it is suitable as E2B is made of rice, which is a staple food for Malaysian, mainly and Asian in general. Besides the healthy and high calory content of E2B, the production of E2B can help the locals in economy. As the young generation do not know how to enjoy Emping, the pleasure of having it disappears in our local menus. Therefore, the E2B is innovated to bring back Emping into the community and help the locals to generate the productions of local food and economy. This product has a bright potential to be developed and marketed particularly to young children whereby they can make their own healthy food without any worries of using fire or sharp utensils in the kitchen.  It is also handy for people on-the-go or travellers.  As summary, the E2B is potential to be commercialised as one of the breakfast menus as it is healthy, full of energy, easy to prepare and children friendly.

Air pollution is a critical problem that is currently plaguing Asia in the perilous fight against environmental pollution. It refers to the harmful substances and pollutants in the air that play an essential role in the depletion of the ozone layer while being a grave hazard to the ecological system. A principal cause of air pollution is the increase in vehicular traffic, especially in Asia, that has been noted in recent years. The combustion reaction that occurs when cars burn gasoline leads to the emission of Carbon Monoxide (one of the principal constituents of air pollution). According to many recent studies, Carbon Monoxide is fatal enough to cause health issues which may lead to death in some extreme cases. Thus, it comes as no surprise that regulating car pollution is a paramount step in finding a solution to this global issue. Therefore, we are developing a system using a carbon monoxide sensor (MQ-7) and Arduino Uno microcontroller, which detects the gas emission from the car exhaust. Physical  objects  can  be  empowered  through  the  embedded  electronics  into  it,  to  make  them smart and at the same time IoT gives the connection among these objects  to  give  high  quality  of  life  to  the  people.  Hardware, software components works cooperatively to build this technology to be used in the development of air pollution detection system.

KAMBURIS Posture Corrector can correct user’s hunchback problem & make sure the user is always having a correct sitting/standing posture by 2 ways: 1. The three special designed boards • The three special designed boards will stimulate the user’s back by their thorns and the user will feel tickle if he/she is having a wrong sitting/standing posture . • Then ,the user will adjust his/her sitting/standing posture immediately . • This design can remind the user to correct his/her sitting/standing posture in anytime and ensure the user is always having a correct sitting/standing posture. 2. The tlit sensors and the buzzers • The tlit sensors in the two upper boards can detect vibration and oblique . • If the user’s upper back is leaning forward slightly OR twisting shoulders vigorously OR doing other action that can harm to spine and back, the buzzers will make an alarm to remind the user. • The buzzers will ring non stop if the user is still having a wrong sitting/standing posture.

Lambakan bahan komposit murah dalam industri pembinaan di Malaysia seperti jubin seramik, atap konkrit dan atap tanah liat sebenarnya membawa bersama masalah kepada pemaju perumahan kerana mempunyai sifat seperti mudah pecah, terlalu berat, mudah kotor,dan telap air. Perkara ini selain menyukarkan proses pemasangan, ia juga menambahkan kos kerana memerlukan jentera berat untuk mengangkut dan mengangkat, lebihan kepingan rejected dan cepat rosak. Sementara bahan komposit seperti jubin porselin dan lantai epoxy pula dianggap terlalu mahal dan hanya digunakan sekiranya terdapat permintaan. Penyelidik berpendapat bahawa komposit berkualiti tinggi boleh diperolehi dengan harga yang murah sekiranya unsur bahan kitar semula digunapakai. Maka penyelidik dengan berani memperkenalkan LDSC Composite. Komposit ini menggunakan Epoxy Gred Industri yang boleh didapati dengan murah jika dibeli dalam kuantiti. Peratusan penggunaan epoxy dikurangkan dengan penambahan tanah liat sebanyak 20%. Dibahagian tengah, jalur-jalur getah tayar terpakai disusun bersilang bersama gentian asli dan gentian kaca menjadikannya sebagai matriks untuk menambah kekukuhan komposit selain mengurangkan epoxy dan  jisim sehingga 35%. 10% Titanium Oksida kemudian ditambah untuk menambah ciri-ciri seperti anti sinaran UV yang menjadikannya tidak pudar dan kekal cantik serta anti kotoran dan debu yang tidak memerlukan penjagaan rumit. Melalui ujian yang telah dilakukan, LDSC mempunyai ketumpatan yang rendah sekitar 2g/cm³ iaitu 35% lebih rendah berbanding komposit lain serta mempunyai 2 kali ganda daya tahan tekanan dan mampatan iaitu 61MPa berbanding nilai standard 30MPa. Untuk komposit yang cantik dan kukuh berkualiti seperti LDSC ini, harga sekitar RM2.00 sekeping adalah sangat murah.

Our product is a gyro sensor attached to the user's upper spine. The gyro sensor then will detect good or bad posture of the user recording the horizontal orientation of the sensor representing the curvature of the user’s spine.
Our product is made because our friend Wei Heng had back problems every time he was studying for exams. So we made this, to help our friend and other people that face these problems. It is made with an Arduino Nano microcontroller, MPU 9250 gyro sensor, Piezoelectric buzzer and a 9-volt battery to power all of it.

Its main feature is to detect the bad posture of the user and alert them about it to prevent back pain and neck pain. It can also prevent your eyes from having short sight when you sit straight. It will also help with our circulation and our digestion. You might have heard of many other products that have similar features to our product such as posture correctors and ergonomic chair. Compare our posture alarm to posture correctors it is way smaller so it is more portable. Besides, it is not as clumsy. It is also cheaper. Other than that, our product is universal it is suitable for all ages unlike ergonomic chairs and you won’t need to buy a new one when the child grows up. Our product will also not force the user to adapt unlike posture correctors so that the user will not feel obstructed.

We think our product will make a huge impact on socioeconomy. This is because the product can affect all of the people in the world especially adults and the elderly. Here’s why, if many people use our product they will be healthier and energetic due to having a good posture. It will also lead to a healthier lifestyle. Now people will increase productivity while working. To the elderly, they will have stronger backbones and will not have posture issues that are critical. As the saying goes, prevention is better than cure. For the children, they will be more energetic and lead them to have more motivation to learn. 

For our commercialization prospect, our targeted customers will be mostly people from thirty to eighty years old. People during this age usually have severe or critical back issues so they will make more use of our product. But we do not discourage younger people to not use our product because it can also help them become stronger. Our product cost approximately RM25 each. When comparing our product cost to a posture corrector which cost RM40 and an ergonomic chair that cost RM100 ours is cheaper.

I-Majalah merupakan inovasi mengantikan majalah secara hardcopy. I-majalah dibangunkan secara digital tanpa melibatkan sebarang kos sama ada  untuk mencetak atau membeli perisian. I-Majalah sangat mesra pengguna dan sangat sesuai digunakan pada abad ini. i-Majalah sangat bersesuaian dengan murid sekolah sejajar dengan penggunaan DELIMA  oleh Kementerian Pendidikan.

Objective: This research was done to prove the effectiveness of  Parkia Speciosa Hassk petai skin in killing dengue-causing mosquitoes and to heal insect bites. Methodology: 100 grams of petai skins were dried and crushed into a powder. The powder was then soaked in 120 millilitres of 96% ethanol for 3 hours. The ethanol was left to evaporate, leaving the extract of the petai skin. This extract is separated into two halves; one is used for the mosquito insecticide, the other as the bite treatment. The half used to treat the bite is mixed with Vaseline as a base for the mixture to act like some sort of cream. The other half is mixed with water in three different concentrations; [A] 2.5 ml in 50 ml water (5% concentrate) [B] 5 ml in 50 ml water (9.09% concentrate) and [C] 7.5 ml in 50 ml water (13% concentrate). The solutions can be tested by putting it in an electric mosquito exterminator and placed inside a box with 25 mosquitoes for 24 hours. The cream for the bite can be tested by putting some of it on inflamed skin. Results and discussion: After 24 hours, it is found that the mixture with 9.09% concentration is the most effective in exterminating mosquitoes. While the test for the 13% concentration did kill the most mosquitoes, the number of mosquitoes killed was nearly the same as the 9.09% concentrate. As such, the 9.09% concentration of petai skin extract is effective in exterminating mosquitoes. The mosquito bite cream was tested on a mosquito bite, and the subject reported that the itch started to ease rapidly. The small amount of swelling and redness also went away quickly. Both of this is because of the content of flavonoids, saponins and phenolic compounds in the petai skin, as stated in numerous studies prior. Conclusion: Petai skin can be used to exterminate mosquitoes and can also be used to treat mosquito bites.

The electric-controlled robot transforms food squander into compost otherwise called SRoCoP. The SRoCoP helps the climate by transforming food squander into manure as well as helps plant the seed that is gotten from squander food, for example, natural products like orange seeds, etc. This robot has three compartments which are for compost, seeds obtained from fruits, and dampness from the waste food. This robot comprises three sections which are its head, body, and wheels. The head contains a temperature sensor to distinguish the climate, a programmed top that opens when you wave your hand over it, and others. The body comprises a motherboard which is the fundamental framework. In the motherboard, there is 5g module, a controller, enderffector, a manipulator that associates through the application, the motion gadget, and more. The wheels have a wide base and a U-molded tank wheel for steadiness. More will be shown in the video presentation.

Chicken pox is a very contagious disease caused by the Varicella Zoster virus. Inherently, plant extracts have been used to treat microbial diseases from ancient times in traditional medical systems but there is no specialized chickenpox product which contains antiviral, antibacterial, soothing properties and other beneficial compounds are available in only one product. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Ocimum Sanctum against bacteria, the antiviral properties in Azadirachta Indica and the ability of seaweed to minimize scar to be made into a herbal soap for chickenpox patients. Bylina Lave is produced as a herbal soap by implementing scientific research done on Holy Basil, Neem Leaves, Gracilaria Seaweed, coconut oil and olive oil. The extracts of Neem leaves and Basil leaves are obtained through the centrifugation process by using Phosphate Buffered Saline solution as immersion liquid. Antiviral and antibacterial tests were conducted on the Neem and Holy Basil extract. Gracilaria seaweed, Neem and Holy Basil extract were mixed well with the soap made from olive and coconut oil. As a result, we reported in vitro and in vivo inhibiting potential of crude extract of Neem leaves and crude extract of Holy Basil on the replication of Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) also known as chickenpox and bacterial infection. In vitro antiviral activity of Varicella Zoster virus has been altered by the presence of Neem leaves extract in Hep-2 and Vero cell lines in dose dependent manner and the in vitro antibacterial activity of Holy Basil extract on culture media showed on bacteria species. From this research, Bylina Lave is able to prevent the replication of virus, inhibits the growth of bacteria and prevent secondary bacterial infection and minimize scars from the wounds. This herbal soap can be concluded as not just an eco-friendly product but a useful one.

One major drawback of most polymers used in agriculture is the problem with their disposal, following their useful lifetime.(Ioanna Kyrikou ,2007) Non-degradable polymers, being resistive to degradation (depending on the polymer, additives, conditions etc.) tend to accumulate as plastic waste, creating a serious problem of plastic waste management(Demetres Briassoulis, 2007).In order to contain pollution caused by the agricultural waste , quite a large sum of fund is needed to manage those problems. As an answer, we responded with our invention which is Farming Cube. This invention will replace the use of standard agricultural plastic bag which caused a lot of harm to our nature and simultaneously reducing the cost spent in disposing the agricultural wastes.

126 of color-blind people had caused 93.7% accidents cases (Dr. Antonio Tagarelli et.al:2004). They are also involved in daily life problems such as wearing mismatch clothing. “Dots Universal Color Codes” (DUC Code) used the Braille concept where the dots arranged to symbolize a color ranging from primary colors and their combinations which forms the secondary colors. These codes will be used on both of these vision deficiencies. Based on our pilot survey, this invention has a successful rate of 89% and it proves that this invention helps both of these disabled people to detect and define the colors easily.

THE AIM FOR THIS IOT PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A PLANT WATERING SYSTEM THAT AUTOMATICALLY IRRIGATES WATER OR LIQUID FERTILIZER ACCORDING TO USERS INTEREST USING A SMART PHONE AS THE REMOTE CONTROLLER. THIS PROJECT IS DESIGNED ESPECIALLY FOR THOSE WHO LIKE TO TRAVEL AND CONCERN ABOUT WATER CONSERVATION FOR MORE EFFICIENT GARDENING. THIS PROJECT HAD 3 MAIN FUNCTIONS WHICH ARE, 1) TO WATER THE PLANT BY USING A WIFI, 2) TO MONITOR WATER RELEASED BY WIRELESS MICRO CAMERA, 3) TO MONITOR WATER LEVEL IN THE RAIN TANK. THE SYSTEM IS USING BLYNK APP AND NODEMCU AS A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CIRCUIT TO CONTROL THE MOTOR SYSTEM AND DATA IN THIS PROJECT. BLYNK APP IS USED TO MONITOR WATER RELEASED TIME, PUMP POWER,WATER TANK LEVEL AND THE IRRIGATION DISTANCE. THIS PROJECT IS CREATED WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY CONCERN. WE RECYCLE AND USE RAIN WATER AS THE MAIN WATER SUPPLY OF THIS IRRIGATION SYSTEM. THE MAIN GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO INNOVATE AND MODIFY THE EXISTING WATER IRRIGATION SYSTEM IN THE MARKET, ENHANCING IT SO THAT THE SYSTEM CAN BE CONTROLLED VIA WIFI ALTHOUGH YOU ARE FAR AWAY FROM YOUR GARDEN. THE SURVEY (USING USER ACCEPTANCE TEST) WAS CONDUCTED ON 35 RESPONDENTS WHO ALREADY TRY USING THE SMART EZ3T . THE DATA OBTAINED ARE AS FOLLOWS: 94% RESPONED THAT THIS PROJECT IS EASY TO USED; 97% RESPONED THAT THIS PROJECT SAVED THEIR GARDENING TIME;91% RESPONDENT THINK THAT I-WATERING CONVENIENT TO USE EVERYDAY AND 97% RESPONS THAT I-WATERING CAPABLE RELEASED WATER MULTIPLE TIME A DAY.IN CONCLUSION, I-WATERING IS REALLY HELPFUL FOR URBAN GARDENER THAT DONT HAVE ENOUGH TIME TO TAKE CARE OF THEIR GARDEN AND CAN CONSERVE A LOT OF WATER.

The Smart Hygienic COVID-Free System is a comprehensive sanitary solution built to assists users in washing and sanitizing their hands. It is designed to prevent the spread of Covid-19 which is mainly transmitted via touch and close contact. With an EV3 Microcontroller(Lego) at the core, this solution integrates mini-systems such as a Water Dispenser, Tissue Dispenser, Soap/Sanitiser Dispenser and a Smart Bin. Even though each individual products is readily available in the mass-market, ShyCoS automates the sanitation processes and incorporates all of them into one easy all-access solution. The sensors equipped in the solution reduces contact with high-risk touch areas and ensures proper disposal of waste products. With this product’s widespread use, Covid-19 infection rate is projected to slow down and gradually flattening the Covid-19 case curve. With the adoption of this solution, the long term objective to reduce the number of positive cases is predicted to be achieved. With the future in mind, this product has the potential to be commercialized to bring value to users. It can be made using much more robust materials, such as High Density Polyethylene for the exterior build and Aluminum for the internal moving parts. The EV3 microcontroller could be replaced with a smaller chip controller to save space and cost.

Using textbooks to learn Arabic is a major challenges faced by students especially in UiTM Kelantan. This is because; learning second language requires appropriate technique and effective medium to understand the foundation of the language.This situation was seen in the classroom when the students are unable to focus and cannot give their full attention to the learning activities. Based on the observation, an innovation which is Arabic bilingual comic (in transliteration) and Malay were created for the purpose of improving the process of learning Arabic language, specifically in UiTM Kelantan. This innovation is an improvement on the teaching and learning process where lecturers typically use textbooks as the medium of instruction and direction in the classroom. This study was conducted to examine the extent to which the use of Kaifa Haluka Comics (KKH) as a supporting medium to learn Arabic. The survey was conducted on two components analysis namely (1) usefulness and (2) ease of use. The first component includes a set of questions related to improving achievement and usefulness in learning Arabic while the second component involves the use of QR Code. A total of 127 students who took elective Arabic language courses code TAC101 & TAC151 were involved in this study. The data were collected using questionnaires given in Google form application format. Based on the findings, KKH shows significant impact to students learning Arabic. In addition, the use of KKH contributes to students’ learning achievement. The interactive element with the use of Qr-Code as a way to access video also makes it as an advantage and carries a novelty element. In terms of ease of use, students strongly agree that the use of QR Code facilitates the reading process. In conclusion, majority of students agree KKH is a tool that can be used to facilitate their learning of Arabic. The positive response received from UiTM Kelantan students shows the acceptance of the product as a learning aid.

Amalan aktiviti fizikal dapat membantu pertumbuhan tubuh badan yang sihat dikalangan kanak-kanak. Penguasaan kemahiran fizikal bukan sahaja menjamin perkembangan otot malah kecerdasan otak. Namun, bagi pembelajaran kanak-kanak khas disekolah kategori lemah pembelajaran dan tingkah laku emosi, aktiviti fizikal ini dapat membantu mengawal emosi mereka dan merangsang perkembangan mental. Oleh itu, salah satu inisiatif kami bagi membantu guru-guru adalah dengan menyediakan sebuah alat manipulatif pembelajaran bagi membantu guru-guru melakukan aktiviti bersama pelajar-pelajar khas mereka.  InCes direka sebagai satu permainan unik yang melibatkan aktiviti gerakan senaman ringan dalam suasana yang menarik dan menyeronokkan. InCeS merupakan satu inovasi permainan di mana aktiviti senaman ringan digabungkan dan disusun seperti permainan papan (board games). Direka dan diinovasikan dengan bentuk dan warna yang menarik, produk ini mampu menarik minat pelajar bagi mencuba permainan ini. Produk ini diharap dapat digunakan di semua sekolah-sekolah bukan sahaja untuk pelajar-pelajar khas, malah semua pelajar dapat memperoleh manfaat dari produk ini.

Generally, the premise of this savvy guide known as BrainyPack 2.0: A Guide to Virtuous Character is that people would trust in government in a normal situation unless when they encountered an unexpected experience with government officials especially in-service delivery.  Alas, civil servants are accountable of their actions and as the provider of public services; they must carry out the services in an effective and ethical manner.  In this sense, civil servants have direct contact with the public and they are at the front line to receive and process any application or request for goods and services.  Under the New Public Management (NPM) reform, efforts to address the issues have been done by the Malaysian public sector agencies with the applications of benchmarking, Total Quality Management (TQM), Key Performance Index (KPI) and as such, however it is still not fulfilled the public expectation where public complaints and mismanagement are still happened.  In line with this, the focus of this savvy guide is to develop a clear principle on the ethical values of the civil servants should have in dealing with public.  The current practice in Malaysian public agencies mostly focuses on integrity element. The must have elements for civil servants are not only rely on integrity element but there are other ethical principles they must have which cover areas of responsiveness, benevolence, transparency and honesty.  Basically, this BrainyPack 2.0: A Guide to Virtuous Character would like to highlight the clear framework for each element mentioned above because such elements have been clouded with the wide concept of integrity.  Due to this misconception, it affects the level of civil servants understanding, knowledge dissemination towards citizen and misleading practices in service delivery process. With this in mind, it helps to develop inner value of the civil servants in terms of commitment, sense of urgency and honesty in delivering services in ethical manner. Thus, it leads to public satisfaction.  It is interesting to note that, the commercialization potential towards this BrainyPack 2.0: A Guide to Virtuous Character may provide platform for government agencies to have clear knowledge, skills and abilities in determining ethical principles that they need to be carried out. Lastly, this savvy guide is useful for Training and Development Unit to enhance intrinsic values of civil servants towards ethical conduct.

Learning computer programming languages is just like learning a new foreign language. It involves learning and understanding the programming terminologies, programming language’s special symbol, words, and syntax rules and semantic rules.  Knowledge on the basic programming terminologies are important for any introductory programming students, in order for them to make sense of the programming itself. Coding Lingo version 2.0 is developed to help introductory programming students to understand and master programming terminologies in a fun way. Coding Lingo version 2.0 is an improved version of an educational game that embeds knowledge on programming terminologies with the concept of a board game. It can be used to innovate teaching and learning methods for programming subjects, both in and outside classrooms, either in schools or universities. It can help to encourage students to learn and use official programming terms, which will enable them to communicate correctly and effectively with other programmers. It also encourages students to collaborate, communicate, interact and work in teams. Thus, this educational board game will be beneficial in helping to improve and deepening the students’ fundamental knowledge of the programing languages.

The intention of the Ministry of Education Malaysia to elicit the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of the students was explicitly stated in the first wave of PPPM Executive Summary Preliminary Report 2013 - 2025, in September 2012, which was to revamp the exam questions with a focus on enhancing HOTS questions. The willingness of teachers and students to face the restructuring reforms and realize the goals and aspirations of the PPPM paradigm shift needs to be emphasized. This research was conducted to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of virtual-based learning based on cybergogy through the "HOTS" in Mathematic Via Teaching + Technology, known as M3KBAT in enhancing the pupil's ability to solve mathematical questions in SPM Mathematics. This software was developed using Photoshop CS7, Ulead Gif Animator and Microsoft Office authoring tools based on ADDIE's five-phase teaching design model, analysis phase, design phase, development phase, implementation phase and evaluation phase. To evaluate this software, data is collected through instruments through pre-test and post-test, observation by independent observers and evaluation forms by educational experts. Respondents in this study consisted of 60 pupils in which the pupils had achieved moderate results in Mathematics trial examinations. The results of the assessment analysis found that there was an increase in grade in post-test compared to pre-test. Through the result of observation instrument, students are more motivated, active and interested in teaching using M3KBAT than traditional teaching methods. Hopefully this study will create awareness that the solution to HOTS questions can be learned with multiple interventions to meet the needs of each student with different backgrounds.

Snake And Ladder Games For Fun Statistics Learning or SLSTAT is an innovative educational game inspired by the traditional Snake and Ladder game with a value-added learning skill to accommodate students' learning probability. The product feature consists of SLSTAT board games, dice, cone pointer and questions with three difficulty levels (easy, medium and hard). The game's uniqueness is its penalty where the students (in groups) need to answer the three levels of difficult questions that are easy, medium or hard, depending on the snake's length. The groups will need to solve the problems given with an option to use their reference textbook. The winner from the first round will be selected and will join the battle in the second round. SLSTAT is a comparative advantage learning activity tools which will enrich students' knowledge and skill in probability. This unique game tested in the classrooms and ready to be commercialized.

Online learning requires a platform that can keep motivation, simplicity and impact on students' knowledge, thinking and problem-solving skills. Problem-based learning is very significant in improving aspects of critical thinking and strengthening students' understanding of science concepts. Besides, news, stories, facts, pictures and so on that are posting on social media sites form the behaviour, response and tendency of individuals to comment, criticize, give opinions, compare and so on. This situation shows that everyone is very excited and focused on the viral posting. Therefore, based on the ARCS Motivation Model (Keller, 1987) and Creative Problem-based Instruction Situation Model (Xia et al, 2007), the Netizens and Viral Science Learning Method (NetVi Science Method) is a top-level educational design or teaching and learning activity that improves Home-based Learning (Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran di Rumah, PDPR) sessions. NetVi Science Method was developed to meet the needs of interactive, motivated and concise learning. This method is significant to reduce online learning problems such as students who are less motivated and not interested in attending PDPR sessions, teachers find it difficult to assess students' mastery and performance, and problems using online learning platforms that require large data. NetVi Science Method is designed based on the concept of viral posting (stories, facts, posts) on social sites and the response of readers (netizens) to the subject. This viral situation and netizens are modified and modelled as learning activities that contain four components namely, Viral, Analysis, Criticism and Reflection. The content of the viral display is changed to the content of the lesson or concept of science and students who act as netizens will analyze, comment, criticize and solve problems on the issues discussed. The learning platform only uses applications such as Whatapps or Telegram because it is more practical for students and does not require large data.

1 Click 2 Liberties Kit gives users information on the rights stated in the Federal Constitution of Malaysia in particular Articles 5 to Articles 13 known as ‘fundamental liberties’. The fundamental liberties govern the right to life and liberty, prohibition on slavery and labour force, protection against retrospective criminal law and repeated trials, equality before the law and equal protection of the law, right to move freely and reside throughout the federation, right to freedom of speech, assembly and expression, right to profess and practise religion, rights in respect of education and rights to property. Lack of awareness on fundamental liberties among students and citizens led to the invention of 1 Click 2 Liberties Kit to enable the students and the public in general to have easy access to the basic information of their constitutional rights. A survey has been conducted to test the effectiveness of the product and it was confirmed by the responses that the product is useful and very informative. 1 Click 2 Liberties Kit will help the enhancement of knowledge of the students and the public. The product is potentially to be commercialized and income will be generated from the downloading of the product while the users will have information which is easily accessible.

In the era of Industrial 4.0, in line with the new norm world environment, everything should be in the fingertips. The rapid development of the Multimedia Super Corridor Concept, intelligent cities and telecommuting inevitably become part of our lifestyle, this must also includes the neighbourhood information management system. Neighbourhood information is the information that needs by the community, information that needs to be shared by the community to others, including to the local authorites. Hence, there is a need to design a platform that can gather information into a single database and be shared with other relevant parties. Thus, this study intends to create a neighbourhood intelligence system called i-Puncak using Carry Map platform. Carry Map is an application that integrates the Geographical Information System in one offline system. It will integrate neighbourhood information in the form of mapping shared to relevant parties, including the KRT of Puncak Iskandar and local authorities. i-Puncak shall become a centralized database for the community of Puncak Iskandar. The application will ease the community to gather information as well as share the information; that is in line with the 11th, 16th and 17th elements of Sustainable Development Goals, sustainable cities and communities, peace justice and strong institution, and partnership for the goals. This system will also support the 12th Malaysia Plan (2020-2025) under Social Re-engineering Strategies which is community development and also support the Malaysia Housing Policy (DPN) that is line with the 3rd focus area which is ensuring the quality and cohesive neighboudhood through providing and maintain quality facilities and services in the neighbourhood. The product can further be improved with alert system and to be designed in another neighbourhood as well.

Futsal is a ball game played on a hard court, smaller than a football pitch, and mainly indoors. Futsal is played between two teams of five players each, one of who is the goalkeeper.  The name "Futsal" simply combines the Spanish words for "Hall" and "Football". Futsal was developed in Brazil and Uruguay in the 1930s and 1940s as a solution to the lack of available football fields. In Malaysia, Futsal is one of the most popular indoor sports since 1996 which Malaysia National Futsal Team represents Malaysia in the FIFA Futsal World Cup.  However, there are still shortcomings in the implementation of this futsal game among Malaysians. The constraints faced are the management of facilities in futsal venues that are not organized in terms of court usage schedule, it is difficult to find a team for the match and the management of the schedule of employees who are not conducive.  Hence, we are plan to build the futsal application named MyFutsal that targeted to help the community to enggage in futsal. This application would gather all the information about all the coaches and also the player that has the potential to play the futsal. Besides, it might help the community or futsal owner to arrange futsal tournament properly and effectively in the future.

The Construction Technology Program is one of the programs offered in vocational colleges. The curriculum has two components involving 70% skills and 30% academics. The skills component involves theoretical and practical teaching. The most common practice is brickwork. Based on a pilot study conducted among vocational college lecturers, 89% of lecturers have difficulty when testing student work. These problems include aspects of testing tools, test run time, and level of efficient test run. Smart Check is an innovation that simplifies the review process on brick walls, saves review time on brick walls as well as creating a more orderly and systematic method of reviewing brick walls. Smart Check consists of three main components to perform testing on brick walls. Questionnaires were distributed to 102 respondents consisting of students, lecturers, and industry partners of the Construction Technology Program. Questionnaire analysis showed that the mean percentage of easy-to-use factors was 85%, accurate testing factor 83%, time-saving was 89%, practical design was 80%, cost-saving was 75% and the commercial value was 75%. The overall mean percentage is 81% and is at a good level. Based on the findings of this questionnaire clearly shows that Smart Check can achieve the targeted objectives and answer the project questions that have been stated. Smart Check will benefit educators at Vocational Colleges, ILP, IKBN, and IPTA / IPTS that offer construction technology programs. Improvement efforts will always be implemented to increase the commercial value of Smart Check.

Reinforcement bars are an important component in the structure of a building. At Vocational College, Malaysian Vocational Certificate students will follow this module theoretically and practically. From a pilot study, 90% of students could not identify the size of the reinforcement accurately and took a long time. Determining the size of this reinforcement should use tools such as rulers, measuring tape, and vernier calipers. This Reinforcement Bar Gauge (RBG) innovation was produced to make it easier for students to identify the size of the reinforcement, to make it easier for students to implement practicals, and to be a teaching aid to teachers and students during the teaching and learning process. According to the product testing questionnaire form shows good data findings where product design 86%, product functionality 83%, and product marketability 92%. The average value of a product rating is 87%. This RBG is designed and produced by the students of Ampangan Vocational College, using plastic materials, and involves a very reasonable cost. RBG can benefit student teachers and lecturers at Vocational Colleges, ILP, IKBN, and institutions that offer construction technology. Improvement efforts will be made from time to time to improve the quality and marketability value of this product in the future.

The Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) such as Mathematica, Maple, MuPAD, MathCAD have potential to facilitate an active approach to learning, to allow students to become involved in discovery and to consolidate their own knowledge, thus developing conceptual and geometrical understanding and a deeper approach to learning. Emergence of such mathematical tools and its ability to deal with most of the undergraduate mathematics cannot be ignored by mathematics educators. We believe that mathematics teaching can be made much more interesting, inventive and exploratory using the EzMathz The EzMathz is mathematical software that uses GeoGebra freeware with an interface that makes it extremely easy to explore, visualise, and solve mathematical problems. It brings technology into mathematics education and brings the benefits of mathematical software development to the classroom and into the hands of teachers and students. With EzMathz, students are not forced to choose between mathematical power and usability, making it the ideal tool for education. The respondents were chosen based on the document analysis and the diagnostic test. The respondents were 4 boys and one girl. The Pretest, Post test, observation and 3 topical exercises were the instruments used to collect data. The data collected was presented in the form of table, graph and percentage. The results showed that the application of i-Mathz was success in assisting the respondents to learn mathematics concepts. The recommendation for further research is to integrate the Android software with the i-Mathz.

Both honeybees (Apis spp.) and stingless bees (Trigona spp.) produce honeys with high nutritional and therapeutics value. Kelulut honey produced by stingless honey bees has stronger antioxidant properties compared to other honey types. In addition, due to the structure of the nest, few studies reported that the antimicrobial activity of stingless bee honey is a little bit stronger than European bee honey and both type have similar therapeutic quality. Since the 20th century, various studies on the chemical and biological properties of honey had been conducted due to their extraordinary antibacterial, bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory, wound, and sunburn healing effects. Bacterial and fungal skin infections are most common amongst people which usually requiring significant attention for treatment and also to maintain a healthy skin thereafter. Currently, honey comes in very handy in cosmetic applications when it comes to dealing with acne. This is as a result of the anti-bacterial action as well as the anti-inflammatory effect. Nevertheless, many herbal plant extracts are known to possess various potentials as such antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, liver protective effect and anti-tyrosinase properties. These bioactivities were investigated for ages and incorporated into various form, for human use. One common usage is in cosmeceutical product as herbal body wash soap formulation that is used not only for treating the infections or calming effect but also using it on daily basis usage, specifically for skin protection. Thus, the aim and objective of the present study is to formulate herbal bodywash soap using different herbal blends of ceylon cinnamon and Trigonella foenum-graecum . The preparations of species were dry blended before subjected for soap-making using the basic saponification reaction. The formulation was then added with kelulut honey to add as antioxidant, anti microbial and therapeutic properties. The result depict tremendous effect on acne, cleansing clogged pores, sunburn and skin moisturizing when applied on face.

Propolis is one of the product that has been produced by stingless bee which is known for its high antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties. In stingless bee colony, the propolis act as the shelter to the colony. Propolis contained a lot of good microbes that can bring a lot of benefits to human. One of the end product of propolis that can be commercialized is propolis balm. Nowdays, a lot of people had many skin issue like eczema and rashes and they are depending on the medicine that contained chemical and non organic ingredients. Good microbes in propolis and organic ingredients are combined together in the propolis balm. Propolis balm is not only used in treating skin issues, it also help controlling the dead skin cells. Not only propolis, there were also mint inside the balm to make the consumers feel calm and relax whenever they use the balm. This innovation also come in small packaging  so the consumer able bring the balm everywhere. Gelenggang or its scientific name is “Senna Alata”  were also added inside the propolis balm. One of the function of gelenggang is to treat  ringworm because of its fungicidal properties. In addition, the propolis balm also can protect skin from sun exposure and radiation. There were no petroleum jelly or another name is petrolatum inside the balm because petrolatum could affect the skin after long term usage. Furthermore, propolis balm had high chances of getting high potential market. This is because the propolis balm is very effective in treating skin issues. After the consumer realize that the propolis balm is actually work and can help them with their skin issues, they will continue buying the propolis balm and even share the experience to the person that had skin issues like them. This will cause a huge impact to the community because it helps them in treating their skin problem.

Bi-metal Cr-Ti oxides was used as catalyst in the reaction to produce fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) also known as biodiesel. It is a renewable energy source and its combustion is environmentally friendly compared to petroleum fuel. The FAME is produced in this study by catalytic transesterification of palm oil. The Cr-Ti oxides catalysts were synthesized via sol-gel method at different calcination time and solvent volume and were evaluated in a batch reactor. The results show the catalyst prepared at best conditions obtained FAME density of 841.5 kg/m3, which is within the value range of the biodiesel fuel property. The study concludes that the heterogeneous catalyst of bi-metal Cr-Ti oxides synthesized via affordable and environmentally friendly method could effectively catalyzed reaction to produce FAME from palm oil at moderate operating conditions. Palm oil is widely available in Malaysia and their usage for FAME production would contribute to the country’s economy.

World Health Organization estimated about 390 million dengue infection cases annually and affecting more than 100 countries. In 2019, about 119,000 cases have been recorded in Malaysia. Current research investigated the extraction and quantification of Carpaine from papaya leaf. Acid-base extraction was used to extract the alkaloids from the leaf extract (95% ethanol). Centrifugal thin-layer chromatography was used to get the pure Carpaine. Carpaine was obtained as pale-yellow crystalline solids, which were soluble in ethanol and chloroform. The ¹H and ¹³C NMR data obtained were in excellent agreement with literature data (purity > 95%). Quantifications showed that green leaf contained significantly higher amount of Carpaine as compared to yellow leaf (16% lower) and stalk (97% lower). Carpaine could be the potential solution to cure dengue fever as it is more stable and can be manufactured as tablets/capsules for medical applications.The product has been commercialized to a multinational pharmaceutical company for potential product development.

New type of basic heterogeneous catalyst is synthesized from clay (bentonite) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). These two materials are easily obtained and can be found at low cost. The NaOH will be impregnated into the bentonite clay through cation-exchange mechanism where can be conducted under normal condition. The synthesized catalyst will be introduced during transesterification of waste cooking to produce biodiesel. Usage of bentonite clay as support catalyst did maintain the dispersion, selectivity, and operation even after impregnated with NaOH. Impregnation with strong base (NaOH) also increase the basicity of bentonite clays while making it more effective during transesterification process. Even though NaOH can be a good catalyst by itself, the catalyst synthesized (NaOH/bentonite) also give other advantages such as reducing amount of NaOH used, and reusable due to the heterogeneous properties, compared to when using NaOH only as catalyst. This type of alkaline catalyst found to be high catalytic activity, can tolerate high FFA, easy regeneration, less corrosive character of the product, low in cost and it is a more environmentally friendly. The NaOH/bentonite catalyst can be very useful in biodiesel production technology with a low production cost. Synthetization of the catalyst can make biodiesel production economy more competitive. The clay catalyst shall provide potential to produce high yield of biodiesel.

The base asphalt binder has several disadvantages which limits its use in heavily trafficked highway and in high temperature environment due to its low resistance to rutting. Therefore, base asphalt binder is normally modified to enhance its properties. Nanosilica (NS) has been used in many fields to improve the properties of materials due to its enhancing properties such as large surface area, good dispersal ability, strong adsorption, high chemical clarity and excellent stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of NS as an asphalt binder modifier to improve the binder properties. Penetration grade 60/70 (PEN 60/70) asphalt binder was modified with NS in colloidal form with an average size of 10 to 15 nanometer (nm). The asphalt binder was mixed with different percentages of NS by weight of the asphalt binder. The nanosilica modified asphalt binders (NSMB) were tested for different properties such as physical properties, morphological properties, rheological properties, chemical properties and mechanical properties. The result obtained from physical properties shows that the additions of NS significantly improve the properties of base asphalt binder in terms of penetration, softening point and viscosity. It was also found that NSMB is stable during the high temperature storage period. From PI and PVN result, the addition of NS to the base asphalt binder has improved its temperature susceptibility. SEM images showed that NS particles dispersed well in base asphalt binder and AFM images showed that the addition of nanosilica in asphalt binder improved its surface stiffness. In addition, NSMB significantly increases the G*/sinδ value, failure temperature, and percentage creep recovery while, decreased the non-recoverable creep compliance, which indicated higher elasticity and beneficial in increasing the rutting resistance as compared to the base asphalt. FTIR spectroscopy showed that the addition of NS into the asphalt binder improved the aging resistance. On the other hand, from APA test, it was found that NSMB reduced the rutting depth of asphalt mixture. It can be concluded from the analysis that a maximum of 2% NS be added into the base asphalt for optimum binder modification.

Increasing of human population in the world has result in rapid construction sector that demands high amount of concrete. One of the raw materials in concrete is cement and mass production of it is highly energy intensive and brings harm to the environment. To reduce the usage of cement, many researchers had proposed incorporation of natural material as a binder in concrete which results significant outcome in increasing their mechanical properties. In this study, seashell ash has been used as partially cement replacement in concrete and its strength was verified through compression testing. Seashells was collected and processed into powder before burnt into furnace for 2 hours at 700°C. A batch study was carried out for various percentages of 3%, 6% and 9% seashells ash infuse in concrete samples which cured for 28 days. Result shows the optimum compressive strength of 49.70 MPa in concrete with 3% replacement using seashell ash. The graph plotted to further show the different trend for different percentages. Based on the overall result, application of seashell ash as partially cement replacement are effective for increasing concrete performance due to highly resource of materials, thus produce green concrete with less carbon production and suitable to be used in infrastructure sector such as retaining wall and concrete paver.

Conventional clay and sand bricks are very popular building materials for wall construction. Unfortunately, both bricks are fabricated using depleting and dwindling non-renewable natural resources that went through polluted processes during fabrication. Clay bricks are fabricated using clay and utilized polluted hardening process that require firing in kiln at high temperature for long hours. Sand bricks are fabricated using sand and require incorporation of polluted binder such as Portland cement. This practice degrade and destroy the environment in the long run due to the continuous exploitation and extraction as well as pollution from the fabrication processes. Hence, the utilization of industrial waste as substitution or alternative raw material and binder are significant for fabrication of bricks. Such significant industrial waste are coal ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS). Coal-fired thermal power plant produces tonnes of coal ash and could substitute clay and sand as raw material. Steel manufacturing factory produces GGBS and could substitute Portland cement as binder. Therefore, to response towards the increasing of awareness in using green technology building material and fabrication process, CAFoB (Coal ash Foamed Brick) is proudly introduced. CAFoB is masonry unit composed of industrial waste and fabricated using green technology. CAFoB is also lightweight due to the usage of foaming technique. CAFoB eliminates reliance on clay, sand, Portland cement, and avoid firing process for production of bricks. Ultimately, the introduction of CAFoB will benefit the energy industry, construction industry and community by recycle and reduce industrial waste into useful building materials application while protecting and preserving earth for the prosperity living of mankind and the future generations.

An innovative new empirical-based model for the non-linear modelling of steel beam structure using the concentrated hinge approach for the progressive collapse assessment is proposed in this research. This new empirical-based model defines the moment-rotation response of steel beam structure considering the effect of a tensile catenary action development, which has not yet been encountered in the current code of practices either in the UFC 4-023-03 or GSA progressive collapse documents. The non-linear modelling behaviour of the proposed moment-rotation model relies on the three empirical factors namely (i) Ultimate Plastic Rotation Capacity (ii) Strain Hardening Ratio and (iii) Ultimate Moment Hardening Ratio. A detailed comparison is made between the generated output results of the moment-rotation response predicted by the ASCE41-17 backbone curve and the new empirical moment-rotation model is proposed for progressive collapse assessment. The moment-rotation response results generated by the ASCE41-17 model illustrates that the model may overestimate the flexural behaviour of the beam with low bending stiffness and vice-versa. Meanwhile, the proposed new empirical model consistently predicts the flexural behaviour of the beam. It is believed that the proposed innovative Moment-rotation empirical-based model will be the interest of the structural and computational engineer in evaluating the structural robustness design.

In construction industry, the common types of materials used for building a structure is concrete. Green or sustainable material is one of the common terms that is vital in the resource application. As we know, there are high demand on the initiatives that have been carried out in the development towards the mentioned materials. Utilizing of waste from others industry as a partial substitution in concrete manufacturing is one aspect to be discovered. Previously, there were many studies that conducted the timber ash in the concrete as the cement replacement. But, there are no study that have been conducted onto the specific grade of the timber group in Malaysia. Thus, the objective of this research is to investigates the potential of the timber ash composites in terms of compressive strength behaviour by using two species of timber namely Keruing and Balau as a partial replacement for cement material in the concrete application. To start, this research was only investigated on two different cement replacement ratio, 5% and 10%. For Keruing, the cement replacement ratio had been tested for 5% and 10% of cement replacement and for Balau, 5% of timber ash used as cement replacement. The timber has been grinded, combustion and sieve to small particles (passing 300 μm) before mix in the concrete mixture. All specimens have been tested using the Compression Testing Machine and compared with control concrete designed specimens of 30kMPa. The results show that all specimens which timber ash replacement did not achieved the compressive designed strength at the age of 7 days curing with the average range of 17-21MPa. Nevertheless, the specimens with proportion of 5% of Balau and 5% of Keruing ash cement replacement recorded the increment with the average compressive strength of almost 27MPa at the age of 28 days compare to 10% of Keruing ash replacement which average of 24.47MPa. Overall, in between of 5-10% of Balau and Keruing ash’s replacement, the strength can reach at about 24-27 MPa of the compression strength. This can be concluded that, either the compressive strength of this proportion cement replacement do not comply with the designed standard, there are many other aspects that can be recommended in the future in order to explore the potential application of Malaysian timber as one of the eco-friendly construction green materials.

Mesin Pembancuh Konkrit dianggap sebagai salah satu komponen penting dalam kerja amali untuk memudahkan proses kerja membancuh konkrit serta menjimatkan masa dan tenaga pelajar. Ini kerana, kebanyakan mesin  terbengkalai serta tidak dapat digunakan oleh pelajar dalam menyiapkan bancuhan mortar yang baik mengikut spesifikasi ujian penurunan. Tambahan juga, kebanyakan mesin menggunakan tenaga arus ulang-alik (ac) dan menggunakan kabel menyebabkan pergerakkan mesin adalah terhad semasa digunakan di lapangan.Justeru, dalam penghasilan inovasi ini pelbagai aspek telah diambil kira termasuk keperluan pelajar, reka bentuk projek, penyediaan bahan dan alatan, serta enjin yang digunakan bagi menggantikan  sistem  sedia ada yang menggunakan kabel elektrik bagi membekalkan arus untuk menghidupkan mesin pembancuh konkrit. Dengan mengambil kira beberapa komponen penting seperti tayar sokongan, penutup dram dan penggunaan enjin jenis lifan 5.5 sedikit sebanyak mampu menghasilkan bancuhan mortar yang lebih baik. Daripada ujian penurunan konkrit dilaksanakan dapat disimpulkan bahawa mesin berfungsi dengan baik dan bancuhan mortar mencapai keruntuhan sebenar. 

Though moderate-intensity earthquakes have rarely occurred in Malaysia, such earthquakes can cause severe damage to the affected areas. According to the unusual occurrence of large earthquakes the seismic code of practice must be enforced in the structural design. Since Malaysia is not situated in active seismic earthquakes occur, most of the Buildings in Malaysia were constructed in accordance with BS8110 which did not mention any seismic requirements. By using finite element modeling and performance based assessment, the vulnerability of existing rc building towards earthquake excitations can be assessed. This research has used Ruaumoko 2D software to predict the ductility of the heritage building for the level of safety to the human society.

Development of reinforced concrete structure encouraging activities that influence the physical impact to the environment such as pollution, heat island and global warming due to production of excessive unnecessary materials and compound to the environment. Sustainable development concept was introduced to provide better environment that need to fulfill need of economic, environment and social. Construction industry was known as one of the main contributor to the environmental problem where the consideration in the reinforced concrete design does not fulfill needs of sustainability. Therefore, this study was developing the integrated factor between environment and economical factors to fulfill need of the social by applying eco-efficiency reinforced concrete design of the structure with minimal impact to those factor. Development of response surface model was producing as prediction chart to provide eco-efficiency index for reinforced concrete design by using green material as replacement material in concrete which is Blast Furnace Slag. Positive impact towards economical factor and environmental factors was become main consideration on accepting the design as sustainable structure design. Furthermore, the framework produce in this study is acting as guideline to design sustainable reinforced concrete structure and suitable to apply in Green Building Index score under innovation criteria.

Souvenirs are defined as any tangible goods, items, or products that kept as a reminder of a place that one has visited. It serves as a memento of their travels. A survey done by Julie (2016), reveals that most travelers do not have enough time to shop for souvenirs when traveling. In addition to the airline company’s travel restrictions that limit the luggage allowance to carry onboard, this makes travelers reluctant to buy oversized and overweight souvenirs to bring back to their home country. Seeing the traveler’s problems as an opportunity, T-shop is the solution to these problems. T-shop is an online platform that enables tourists to shop souvenir items over the internet. This application assembles all souvenir shops around the world and gives them an opportunity to sell their items on the internet. From the perspective of the tourist, this platform will ease their travel journey as they do not have to carry and bring the items along their travel journey. Furthermore, they do not have to worry if they overspend or experiencing insufficient cash during travels. Item will be couriered to their home doorstep. Buying souvenir items online through T-shop is a stress-free, convenient, and contemporary trendy way of shopping!

Due to the recent pandemic situation, many Malaysians forced to stay at home and have started growing vegetables, herbs and fruit in their gardens, with some producing amazing results. This activities eventually has increase the use of poly bags among every Malaysian who are into this hobby. Although there was no exact amount of poly bags usage in Malaysia, it is troubling to consider its contribution to what being estimated by the Malaysian Plastic Manufacturers Association (MPMA) in 2019 that an average Malaysian uses 300 plastics per year. Poly bag or plastic pouch is a type of container made of thin, plastic film or plastic textile and is usually used as a seedling propagation process. Ecopoly is an innovation of poly bags using Silver Bismarck Palm leaves that are woven to a size that can accommodate the right amount of soil and are ideal for seedling propagation. The shape of the art of woven leaves makes it easier to permeate and is also very long-lasting under the sun for a long time. The Silver Bismarck Palm tree is widely found anywhere and is well known as one of the important underutilized palm trees in Malaysia. Due to its availability, low cost and beautiful art of the craft, this Ecopoly project is seen to have a very high potential to be marketed commercially. The innovation of this project is focused on two objectives: to minimize the use of plastic polybags or plastic vases with more functional, durable and biodegradable materials; and to increase our Malaysian craft to a different level of use and at the same time to help local communities with their product development.

Aquaponics is a farming method that is often used in small and large scale farming activities. Although this method less-known by Malaysian community, these simple and functional in-house farming method is yet to benefit more. Therefore, Aquaherbs is designed to grow and harvest crops while preserving ornamental fish. Furthermore, it gives a special opportunity to the target consumer in decorating the interior homes. From observation, the majority of target consumers, namely housewives and career women do not have time to take care of their crops resulting in crop rotting. Moreover, 88.5% responded that they did not have time to manage their crops while 83.6% admitted that they often forgot to change the water of pet fish. Furthermore, most of the respondents in the interview cannot manage their time properly because busy with daily duties. Based on the information collected and analyzed, Aquaherbs can meet the needs and requirements of consumers with its simple octagonal shapes and geometric patterns. The attractive design could be a decoration through the aesthetic value of the product while doing activities to grow and preserve fish in the house plus reduce the rate of trapping dust. Besides, Aquaherbs work as an appropriate platform to overcome the stress issues during Movement Control Order (MCO). Aquaherbs also have some advantages which are can reduce stress, easy to maintain, saving water consumption, and can be anywhere inside the living house. Furthermore, consumers can reduce the expenses of certain herb which supplied just from homes. Last but not least, the air quality inside the house is improved. Hence, the product is suitable for modern living style.

Air freshener is worked in improving air quality inside compounded area. Various types of air fresheners have ingredient such as ethanol, aromatic chemicals, and deionized water to provide fragrance and also the freshness of the air. However, these type of refresher is also seen as impractical in terms of maintenance because of its difficulty in the method of replacement and cleaning. Therefore, Air Frezzs designed with less maintenance where the use of cartridges is specially designed for user friendly. These cartridge functions in providing freshness towards every room while improve the quality of air. In addition, this cartridge method really helps make it easier for users to change the old aroma material to a new one. Apart from that, it also helps in terms of hygiene because it provides convenience to consumers. Based on a study conducted through surveys, as many as 90% of consumers has difficulty in cleaning air freshener products which due to time constraints. In addition, the design also contributing towards difficulty of handling while maintaining. To be added with, 97% of respondent agreed that the air freshener products should be easy to manage in terms of maintenance. Through observations conducted in supermarkets, it can be explained that consumers are more attracted to products that are easy to maintain. Therefore, consumers are more attracted to automatic air freshener products that use buttons to adjust the smell and time. With that, a user-friendly product design is a major factor that attracts consumers in getting an air freshener product. Nevertheless, Air Frezzs have a positive impact on consumers rating because of its easy maintenance and providing freshness to air quality so that users can benefit more staying at home at any time.

Teaching and learning (TnL) in the Faculty of Art & Design involves various subjects that include printmaking, which is one of the major subjects taken by students. In this subject, students are exposed to machines that produce screen printing artworks and products such as T-shirts, Tote bags, and other fabric printing. In coping with the current new norm environment, a new machine innovation called Portable Lightbox Exposure Machine (PLEM) has been developed to assist teaching and learning activities. This innovation is a part of the alternative teaching aid in screen printing subject. The objective of this innovation is to streamline the process of teaching and learning, as well as to produce a machine that is flexible, user-friendly, and portable for student use. This invention is also able to reduce cost in terms of electricity saving and time-consuming in producing artworks and products. This innovation was developed through several methods that include a thorough observation and comparison of previous studies which lead to the mock-up execution. A pilot-test of the product had been conducted in the actual class environment and the findings reveal that that PLEM could facilitate the production of printing artworks and products. In addition, this innovation is an easy-carry product that can easily be handled by students. By using this invention, students can produce printing artwork at any time and at any place. This innovation is one of the potential products to be marketed extensively since it will encourage students to participate in the Entrepreneurship field by producing printing artworks and products in the future.

The multipurpose lifter is provided to bring the goods from the lorry to another place or inventory. The workers must spend a lot of their energy to lift the gas tank, the housewives need to spend more time during rearrange the furniture in the house. So, the possibility for them to get injured and easily tires are high. The main purpose of this project is trying to develop a lifter that will benefit the consumer because it is a more advanced and complex system to reduce consumers’ burden. The equipment that can afford the workers and consumers very well is a multipurpose lifter, portable equipment with good material. Hence, we have decided to innovate a simple machine like a normal lifter that will overcome all the problems that may become the situation getting worst. We resolved to bring in our own lifting machine named a “Multipurpose Lifter”. It used for moving the heavy and big stuff as well. The multipurpose lifter contains five main parts which are body frame, tray, pedal, hydraulic lifter, and triangle stabilizer. The body frame is to support the load and move the lifter. The tray part is for carrying the load. Meanwhile, the pedal works for controlling the hydraulic cylinder to lift or down. As the product is a lifting mechanism, a hydraulic lifter is used to lift the tray up and down. Finally, for safety, we innovated the machine with a triangle stabilizer to avoid any unwanted injury on consumers.

Plotting of drawing designs is common among the built environment designers and students. The huge usage of these papers which are rolled onto cardboard tubes has resulted in plenty of these tubes becoming waste. These tube waste if improperly discarded      can pollute the environment. One way to help minimize these waste is by recycling them to beneficial use. One promising way is to convert these tube waste into interior acoustic absorber panels. These absorber panels from the recycled tubes are expected to be as good as the current material available in the market. The panels can be used in the office, hall, or room for acoustic purposes as well as interior wall treatment and decoration. This innovation helps the designers and students to recycle the cardboard tubes into a used product that functions as an absorber to reduce noise. Also, this innovation helps the faculty and students to generate income by commercializing this product.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is considered as a neurological disorder caused by brain damage that appears in early childhood. It causes impaired muscle tone and movement that lead to the mobility issues. They need an assistive or rehabilitative walking device to help them to walk, however most of the current devices are single-functional and expensive. The idea of this research is to identify the problem that encountered by CP children that has less ability to sit, stand and walk on their own.  Walking frame can aid a person with CP to walk and improve his mobility. This project aims to design a walking frame for CP children aged five to twelve years old. The design with configuration modes of sitting, standing and walking is drawn and compared in terms of performance and weight. Detailed design is developed using SolidWorks software.

"Dry Dustbin" is a product that have a function to filter the wastewater that coming from the trash. As people knows, the wastewater will leave a bad odor in the air just like the smell coming from the garbage truck. The main reason why the garbage truck always carrying the unpleasant smell is because of the wastewater. This smells will create uncomfortable atmosphere to everyone. Therefore, this product will help to prevent the problem. The prototype of our product used a box that have cylinder shape for the base and have a plain steel wool to filter the wastewater. Besides that, the main structure of the product is a cylinder bottle. This product should be in every kitchen at every house. It will help to dry the garbage from the wastewater and ensure the air remain fresh. Besides that, it will also prevent the breeding of pests in the house and make the jobs of cleaner easier in handling the garbage. As a conclusion, this product is eco-friendly and save our environment.

Cloth Strainer Bag (CSB) merupakan satu produk inovasi yang direka khas untuk kegunaan orang ramai selepas melakukan aktiviti berenang. Beg ini merupakan beg khas untuk meletakkan pakaian yang basah yang telah digunakan selepas aktiviti berenang. CBS direka khas dengan ciri penapis untuk menapis air daripada pakaian-pakaian basah yang digunakan selepas berenang. Produk ini dihasilkan untuk memudahkan dan meringankan beban orang ramai yang mandi manda di pantai, sungai mahupun kolam renang untuk membawa pulang baju basah yang telah dipakai. Kebiasaannya, baju basah yang telah digunakan akan dibawa pulang menggunakan beg plastik dan mempunyai beban berat yang tinggi. Dengan adanya CBS, pakaian yang basah boleh ditapis dan air yang telah ditapis boleh dibuang. Hal ini akan mengurangkan berat pada baju basah yang memberi tekanan pada bahu seseorang sekiranya dibawa menggunakan beg biasa. Idea inovasi ini diinspirasikan daripada penapis makanan (strainer) dan diinovasikan ke dalam penghasilan produk fesyen iaitu beach bag (beg pantai). Dengan gabungan dua produk yang ada, maka terhasil satu produk inovasi Cloth Strainer Bag. CBS terdiri daripada dua lapis beg lutsinar. CBS dihasilkan daripada transparent plastic dan dilengkapi dengan penapis yang diperbuat daripada eyelet pada lapisan beg di sebelah dalam. Lapisan beg disebelah luar pula dilengkapi dengan lubang berpenutup yang membolehkan air yang ditapis dibuang keluar daripada beg. Produk ini dilihat dapat memudahkan para pengguna untuk mengasingkan air pada baju yang basah dan mengurangkan beban berat baju yang basah yang digunakan selepas berenang. Produk ini juga dilihat sebagai salah satu produk yang boleh dikomersialkan dan dipasarkan dengan keuntungan. Reka bentuknya yang menarik, moden, trendy dan berfungsi meringankan beban baju basah yang berat disebabkan air yang diserap akan menarik minat orang ramai untuk mendapatkannya.

Reading Assistance Light (ReAL) is a thin-shaped lamp suitable to be used while reading books, magazines, newspapers, and any reading materials. The lighting part of ReAL is made of a core polymer material, specifically acrylic. The properties of hard, transparent, and electrical insulating, make acrylic perfect for this application. ReAL is appropriate for users of all ages where it assists readers at night or when the surrounding light is dim without having to turn on the headlights that might disturb others (particularly at night time). The lighting mode of ReAL can be adjusted to minimum, medium, or maximum, as desired. ReAL has a tapered rubber end, making it practical to use (can be rigidly placed at the crevice of a book) while restricting the book from opening too wide and eventually torn up. Owing to its practical design, ReAL is very handy and easily carried anywhere. For the light source, LED light is used for its extended lifespan compared to conventional bulbs. Furthermore, LED light is safe to use in a broad range of commercial and residential applications, since it typically balances the red and blue light spectra to produce the healthiest option for human eyes. This indicates that the material of ReAL is environmental friendly and safe. Through a series of tests, the design of ReAL is proven effective in illuminating the pages of reading materials. Since the light source emits from the side, ReAL causes no difficulty for users with glare issue. Regarding the opportunity for ReAL commercialization, the product is expected marketable since consumers are constantly looking for products that are convenient and attractive to use in their daily lives.

Aktiviti penyediaan makanan biasanya melibatkan penggunaan beberapa alat dalam satu masa. Antara alat yang sering digunakan adalah papan pemotong dan pisau. C-board diilhamkan dari papan pemotong biasa namum ditambahbaik dari segi rekabentuk supaya ia mampu digunakan untuk pelbagai fungsi. Antara kelebihan C-board adalah ia menggabungkan alatan seperti papan pemotong, pisau, penyagat, pengupas, pengasah pisau dan gunting dapur. Ianya mampu menjimatkan ruang kerana telah direka bentuk secara padat (compact) dan memudahkan kerja penyediaan makanan kerana semua peralatan utama ada pada C-board. Papan pemotong ini merupakan yang pertama seumpamanya. Dengan menggunakan bahan yang berkualiti, papan ini boleh digunakan dalam jangkamasa yang lama dengan nilai sepadan wang yang dibelanjakan.

The autonomous delivery robot with wireless communication by NODEMCU controlled by using two alternatives as manual and auto line the following control. Both controls are easy to run using a smartphone. The manual and auto line following controls have facilitated the movement of the robot while performing works when controlled compared to the old version (need to upload a coding before robot performing) which is not systematic and efficient. The robot circuit design was from Fritzing and Proteus software. Both software was used to make a schematic circuit for the robot to works before the prototype was produced. The robot prototype is made of mild steel square hollow because the material is solid and light. The robot was built to perform delivery service, especially for the hospital environment. In addition, it also has wireless communication and a camera for communication service.

The aim of this project is to design a cordless electric grass cutter with a power system using a remote controller. Automation plays a role in the agricultural field which is helpful for the farmers. Wireless Grass Cutter is able to be controlled within 20 meter range and is capable of performing grass cutting task. The system consists of 12V 5A battery as a power source, Arduino Nano microcontroller as the main controller, Infrared sensor for IR Remote Control connection, a sharp blade for cutting the grass and a motor driver 12V 10A for the wheels of the robot. This is a fully automated and renewable energy based project.

This aims of this project is to combine the existing wind turbine system with new solar to be a hybrid system. Benefits of this project to humans in terms of saving electricity bills, while to the environment can avoid the use of fossil fuels and others. The wind turbine was successfully installed outside one of the exhaust fan at the JKE building. This is a suitable place since there have enough wind to rotate the blade. The energy supply is said to be hybrid system if the source come from more than one sources. Hence, the 300W solar system has been added to the existing wind system in order to be a hybrid system. Finally, the stored energy has been used to supply the student gazebo since this place has no electric supply before resulting student can charge their smartphone and laptops.

Energy can be generated from limited sources such as petroleum, coal, nuclear or through renewable natural resources such as hydroelectric, wind energy, waves, geothermal, biomass, biogas or even solar. Nowadays, the intensity to produce clean energy has led to various innovations and inventions on renewable energy sources. According to The International Energy Agency stated about 909 000 million tons of coal remain in the world. Due to the 5% increase in coal consumption per year, the coal reserves that were previously expected to last up to 155 years have been reduced to only 45 years which is expected to be depleted by 2051. This non-renewable energy source is limited and will eventually run out. Demand for electricity is constantly increased to meet the living needs of the growing Malaysian society. Malaysia is situated in equatorial doldrum region. The characteristics of Malaysia's climate are uniform temperature, high humidity, and heavy rainfall. Therefore, the Gutter Reusable Energy Turbine (GRET) project is an effort towards the use of renewable energy through the installation of turbines in the rainwater gutter channel to enable the harvest of electricity. This small-scale project targets energy accumulation between 3v to 12v which is suitable to be used to charge low voltage electrical or electronic devices such as laptops, power bank, mobile phones, tabs and so on. With the installation of this GRET project, renewable energy sources from rainwater channels can be utilized for free. The electricity generated from the turbine cycle will be channeled into the battery and stored for use when needed. Furthermore, it enhanced the stable electric current. This project saves cost on the usage of electricity. It has potential environmentally friendly clean energy because it is easy to install in every domestic residence. Moreover, it can also be used during emergencies such as camping or in the temporary settlement center of flood victims.

Pada zaman teknologi yang serba canggih ini serta faktor kesibukan individu pada masa kini, menyebabkan kebanyakan pengguna memerlukan peralatan yang boleh digunakan dalam kehidupan seharian dalam saiz yang kecil,ringan serta mudah dibawa. Ini kerana pengguna memerlukaan kemudahan harian yang cepat dan seiring dengan dunia yang bergerak pantas pada masa kini. Tujuan projek ini adalah untuk menghasilkan “Mini Portable Chiller”     mudah alih. Sistem ini menggunakan 4 komponen asas serta menggunakan gas R134a. “Mini Portable Chiller” ini menggunakan DC compressor untuk kegunaan soket 12 V bagi kegunaan didalam kenderaan. “Mini Portable Chiller” ini juga boleh menggunakan plug 3pin untuk kegunaan dipejabat atau rumah. “Mini Portable Chiller” ini boleh menghasilkan suhu sehingga -3°C serta suhunya boleh dilaraskan mengikut keperluan pengguna. “Mini Portable Chiller” ini sangat sesuai digunakan oleh oleh pihak hospital untuk membawa ubat-ubatan seperti vaksin, insulin untuk pesakit kencing manis serta pelbagai jenis ubatan dari hopital besar ke klinik-kilik desa. Ianya juga sangat sesuai untuk Ibu-ibu yang ingin menyimpan susu bayi kerana bukan disetiap pejabat ada menyediakan peti sejuk untuk menyimpan susu bayi. “Mini Portable Chiller” ini juga boleh digunakan didalam kereta contohnya untuk ibu-ibu membawa balik susu ibu, menyimpan makanan contohnya ayam,daging, ikan dan sebagainya untuk tujuan BBQ kerana produk.

AiDiGiT is a teaching aid innovation to facilitate students and lecturers during teaching and learning sessions of DEE20033 - Digital Electronics course. This kit was developed to overcome existing teaching kits quantity and poor conditions at a lower cost. ADDIE Model is the basis for planning, designing, implementing and evaluating the development process. The main components of this kit are integrated circuit tester kit and digital electronic circuit learning kit.  Arduino Mega serves as the main part of the first kit, while a custom circuit was produced to control and operate the functionality of the second kit. The second kit also contains a breadboard, toggle switches, light emitting diodes and timers. Testing showed that the kit have successfully produced results that match theory. The findings also showed that this kit is suitable to assist students and lecturers during the implementation of practical activities with significant cost savings.

People with neurological disorder especially Tetraplegia will need total assist in their movement. The use of electric wheelchair able to reduce the dependency of patient to caretaker for mobility. However, current technique of electric wheelchair control that use joystick is not efficient due to disability of the patient. Some facial features such as eyes gestures have the potential to be used as instructions to control the electric wheelchair. This project presents a system that can classify different eyes gestures of human subject and convert it into different state of control instructions. A hardware-based video processing technique that can sense different pattern of eyes gestures was developed by using Raspberry Pi and Python with OpenCV and Dlib modules. Several image enhancement techniques and morphological operations are performed to detect the iris. Image moments is used to calculate the centre coordinate of the iris. Afterward, the iris coordinate is used to determine the classification of eyes gestures. The proposed method has been proven to be efficient in detecting eyes gestures. The ratio of detection accuracy is ranged between 73.5% and 99.83% depending on the ambient lighting. The detection of eyes gesturing forward, rightward, leftward, or downward were directly translated as signals for the wheelchair to move forward, rightward, leftward, or backward respectively.

Forest fires commonly happen in the forests that are for the most part remote, abandoned, or unmanaged areas filled with trees, dry and parching wood, leaves, and so forth that act as a fuel source. These elements form a highly combustible material and represent the perfect context for initial-fire ignition and act as fuel for later stages of the fire starting from the initial stage of ignition (surface fire) and continue to the stages when the fire becomes uncontrollable. Hutan Care Detector project was proposed to solve this issue. This project was constructed by using two sensors which are a smoke sensor (MQ135) and a flame sensor. Arduino Uno R3 acts as a microcontroller and Global System Mobile (GSM) will sent notification to user when the buzzer and LED detect the fire. LCD will display the alert message and the value of flame sensor and the smoke level. Thus, the invention of this system might be helpful to reduce the forest fires.

The smoking crisis had strike over time due to the rate of production of illicit cigarette that had been increasing quite a lot for this past five years. From a study, it had been proven that Malaysia’s illicit cigarette production has been low since the years before 2005 with a rate of 37 per cent below. Unfortunately, in November 2015 the cigarette industry had rose up with a double per cent from the previous percentage. The condition becomes worse as the buyers of illicit cigarette are from the range of 15 years old and above. Thus, the government had made an enforcement of law where all schools and universities could sue their student if they are caught smoking in the school or university compound. However, this way did not work well as there are more students that needed to be supervised compared to the amount of teachers that were available in each school and universities.

In order to overcome this catastrophe to occur again, an idea of developing a smoke detector that trace down students who smoke had been developed and known as ‘College Smoker Tracker’. ‘College Smoker Tracker’ is a system that used Arduino Mega with WIFI Module as a controller to track students who are smoking in the college at  UiTM Pasir Gudang. Besides that, the ‘College Smoker Tracker’ system corporates in sync with database in order to collect the data of those who are smoking in the college area without 24 hours supervision under wardens. The ‘College Smoker Tracker' will detects smoke from cigarette then the receive data will be send to the buzzer and LCD in the same time to make sure that there are no single data being missed. The data of each student will be key in earlier. Hence, if there are any cigarette’s smoke detected the data of student that had been saved earlier could be referred. The invention of ‘College Smoker Tracker’ could really help in reducing the risks of passive smoker getting sick through smoking cases in UiTM Pasir Gudang campus area. Thus, this project could also create awareness for the community in UiTM Pasir Gudang campus to be more alert on how dangerous and bad the effect of smoking to the whole campus.

Since a decade ago, the Wireless Power Transfer Techonology has gain significant attention from researchers around the world. The popularity mainly due to the ability of tranferring power without physical connection especially in short distance power transfer applications. This short distance power transfer is normally from a few milimetre (mm) to a few metre (m) and this is commonly known as near field application. In this project, the new ideas involve the wireless power transfer charging is electrical vehicle technology. Significant of this project are about to save the time to fuel the petrol and to save the fossil at the ocean and enhance hybrid car charging technology system. This vehicle wireless power transfer that based on the capacitive method are using Arduino UNO was hopefully successful designed in prototype. This project involve the Class E MOSFET converter technique to enhance power efficiency at the load. These findings could be beneficial for household’s apparatus, Charging consumer electronics and medical implants.

This Water Flow Monitoring System is a smart water management system based on IoT that runs via the water distribution network, which is the water supply system. This project aims to ensure the quality of the water supply, realizing that pipe holes are exposed to water pollutants apart from being the main source of water leakage and lossess. A series of studies have been carried out to establish a network of sensors capable of tracking real-time water pipes parameters. One of them is where the sensors detect the flow of water to each pipe, which ideally informs the use of water in certain area apart from measuring the volume usage as well. Using the IoT (Internet of Things) space, this water utilization data will be sent to the cloud to notify the residents about the availability and accuracy of the water flow in the pipelines. This cloud data can be used as statistical information for water resources analysis, thus creating an avenue for potential predictive intervention. Blynk has been selected as the cloud space platform for the projects, because it has its own mobile compatibility as well. The data is real time data measured from time to time. The parts and equipment selected are also low in cost and user-friendly.

Traditional way of planting have a challenge for monitoring the plants,  such as regulating the watering of the plant and applying the fertilizer. Hydroponics is an increasingly prevalent plant growing technology that involves a water-based, nutrient-rich solution, which soil is no longer used in a hydroponics system at all. Instead, compounds such as peat moss, clay particles, perlite, and rockwool support the roots of the plants. The existing hydroponics system does not have monitoring system to monitor the condition of the plants. All the monitoring process is done manually. This project is aim to implement the Multi-plant hydroponic system with imbedded monitoring system. Water is fundamentally important elements of this hydroponic technique and only water rolls and works during the process. The Multi-Hydroponic System will automatically operate to ensure the plants to receive water and always retaining soil moisture. There are 3 levels of hydroponic with various levels of soil moisture required to maintain the plant from withered. The Multi Hydroponic system is use soil moisture sensors to sense the soil moisture in each plant. Besides that, all plants are equipped with LED to send a visual signal to the user to notify whether the soil is low in moisture. The humidity sensor will detect the humidity of the plants in the Multi Hydroponic System and send the signal to Arduino. The Arduino will give the output to the specific output which is water pump and led that will work at that time. The water pump will get the signal from Arduino and starts running to pumps the water to the plants. The output signal of led will be on.it will give the signal whether the plants need or not water from the tank. If the soil at the good condition of humidity, the green led will be light up. However, if the soil is in dry conditions that’s need more water, the red led will light up. The Multi Hydroponic system will give monitoring process in better and efficient way. The system will automatically monitoring the plants and not only saving the water usage but also saving time.

In normal practice, the conventional method by hand folding is used to fold the clothes. Over the years, evolution has been made to create a similar system where it can be operated automatically with the help of sensors and microcontroller application. Folding abundant of washed and dried clothes have been identified as one of the problems faced by humans in dealing with their household core especially for those who have working commitment. This will lead to a mess whereby people will get bored for folding their clothes and dump them in the cupboard. Moreover, the available price for automatic clothes machines in the market is kind of expensive and could not be afforded by everyone. Hence, this project is invented to introduce an easy, fully automated, and low-cost t-shirt folding machine by using Arduino UNO as a brain microcontroller, three (3) servo motors to create propulsion in folding mechanics, Light emitted Diodes (LED) to notify the consumer that the system operates correctly and Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor to increase the system efficiency and accuracy. To that extend, our project entitles “Automatic Cloth folding machine” was invented to assist human’s life in dealing with their household cores with less human involvement and more affordable to be owned.

"The IoT Baby Alert and Drunk Detector System" is the project that may solve dan reduce the number of accidents caused by drunk drivers and to warn the driver about the existence of kids in the car. Firstly, it is designed to reduce the rate of car accidents due to drunk drivers. Secondly, it can help to detect the presence of kids in the car and reduce the kid's death rate from drowning and insufficient air in the car. In this project, the car will stop operating if the driver is drunk. Then, if there is a kid in the car, it will send a message to the smartphone through the email. If there is a motion in the vehicle, the LED will turn on and it will give the 'Blynk' warning through the smartphones. When there is no activity, the LED will not turn on until the PIR sensor detects a motion. Afterwards, while the engine is on, the IoT drunk detector system will be automatically turned on. If an MQ3 sensor detects alcohol through the driver's breath, it shows the range of drunk signals to the LCD. If the value is more than 500, the buzzer and the "Blynk" will be activated and will notify the user through the e-mail and the engine will stop working. When the range of drunk does not exceed 500, the engine will turn on. For the system operation, Arduino NODE MCU ESP8266 is used as a microcontroller. Then, the PIR and MQ3 sensor are used as sensory systems while LED, LCD, and buzzer are used to indicate the output.

In our daily, the transportation such as car is the most demand for people require to provide their comfortable life. It is easy for the consumer to travel or working because it can reduce the time of movement. So, there are a lot of big and well known companies have started creating their own cars by using the company branding included local and international company such as Proton, Honda and Toyota. The cars can be categorized into 3 categories which is Sedan, SUV and MPV in order to fulfill consumers demand by putting trust for people choice. For example, Lamborghini is an international luxury company that successful to make a selling for their own brand car without make any promotion on any social media because they have achieved to get people’s trust towards the product. After a decade, the car has been developed with a lot of improvements of upgrading through the car’s system and size of the car. Because of that, the price for the car and its maintenance  will be higher and thus becomes valuable asset for the owner or driver. Hence, the government or any sector should take responsibility to provide safe and private parking site especially for drivers who are residents in apartments, condominiums and flats. Nowadays, most of Malaysians own a car yet the parking space is very limited and sometimes difficult to find because of the small parking area. Due to the difficulties of finding available parking lots and owned or private parking lots being occupied by others, the idea of this project has been proposed and modified with some new elements. The Smart Parking Model is the project that will provide the comfortable zone and more safety area for consumer to park their car. The system focuses more to private area such apartments, condominiums, flats and any similar buildings which face the same problem. The Smart Parking Model will help the residents who always miss their parking space because of the irresponsible drivers or other residents who love to take other’s parking space. As a conclusion, this project works as follows, users will swipe their card at the sensor of their owned parking lot. The PIR motion sensor of the pole that acts as a barrier which prevents others to occupy that specific parking will be lift up as soon as the RFID card is authorized. The additional features of this project is the safety of the vehicle itself. Thus with this Smart Parking Model, it will assist the residents not to worry about their parking space being taken by unauthorized residents or other drivers but it also keeps and tracks the car to be in safety mode.

Smart Restaurant Menu Ordering System is a revolution of traditional ordering system in majority food and beverage industry. It is quick an efficient. It can reduce more manual and manpower thus it eases staffs and customers. Besides, it can reduce mistakes for example incorrect orders and incorrect bills. With this product, it is hoped that customer will more satisfy with restaurant service.

The increase in the amount of waste daily in Malaysia due to lack of waste management and enforcement by the government has created unpleasant views of overflowed waste at the landfill. This project presents the development of a low cost recycle bin that automatically sorts metal and non-metal using an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller. The objectives of this work are to design an Intelligent Trash Sorting Machine and to develop a prototype of trash sorting machine using Arduino Mega 2560 as a microcontroller, inductive proximity sensor and ultrasonic sensor. This project also presents the sensitivity analysis of the recycle bin prototype to sort the waste and notify in the ‘Blynk’ application when the bin is already full. This project is divided into two parts which are sensing part and mechanical part. The sensors used to detect the type of waste material such as metal and non-metal and detect when the bin is already full. Inductive Proximity sensor used to detect metal. The ultrasonic sensor used to detect when the bin is already full. The servo motor acts as a mechanical part to sort the waste type accordingly. The result of this project shows that the prototype of this project can run successfully. This proof of concept project is suitable to deploy to the current thrash management system to reduce the workload of the labour as well as to safe the environment. 

The world is not a safe haven to all of us right now due to the global pandemic, Covid-19. Everyone has a risk to become infected, or even be the cause of spreading the virus to a larger scale. One of the precautions that can be taken to prevent this virus from spreading like fire is by wearing a face mask. It not only reduces the risk of wearer from being infected, but it also decreases the risk of ill people to contaminate the air when they sneeze or cough in public. Of course, wearing a mask does not give a total protection to wearer, it just reduces the risk. This project is ‘Mask Detector’ which functions as a system that detects people who enters a premise the statue of their mask; with or without it. It uses a camera that reads the image shown and the system will be able to alert the owner whether the person is wearing a mask or not. Since Malaysian’s government gave a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) that requires everyone to wear a face mask when they are outside, it can be seen that not everyone follows the order. This system will be useful if placed in premises that wishes to follow the SOP and remove the people that are not following the orders from their premises.

This project is to develop an automatic watering system. This watering system designed to facilitate the automatic water supply to the plant. This project was very necessary because it could help many people who love the nature especially the gardener with a large garden. If they use this system, they can make sure their plant would get enough nutrients. Therefore, they did not have to worry about their plants. Moreover, this project was developed to create the accuracy of the water needed by the plant. In addition, in order for testing the accuracy of the system if there was an error, this system was using buzzer and Bluetooth. With the aid of Arduino, this part of the Bluetooth was to ensure that the plant gets enough water. The buzzer will send the owner an alarm if the watering process begins. Finally yet importantly for people who had a large land to had this system to ensure the nutrients required for the plant was enough.

The common problem faced by almost every household is excessive energy bills. Almost 5% to 10% of the overall use of electricity is wasted every month. This could be triggered by those individuals' consumption behavior. Most adapters are permanently attached to their panel, unlike switches, so consumers can forget to turn off or unplug the adapter. The energy used would indeed be increased and wasted. Traditionally, most switches and adapters must be turned ON or OFF manually. While such remote-controlled devices are on the market using smartphones, the system could not easily track, accurately calculate or remotely manage adapter voltage, current and power level and energy waste behaviors. Indeed, most of the connectors are permanently mounted on its panel or placed impractical, so it would be too troubling to use the household appliances. The protection of any device is also not guaranteed by an ordinary adapter. When charged for a long period of time, most electrical equipment such as a laptop could destroy its battery. This also occurs with a smartphone that drains its battery much faster than normal. It also seems like other plugs are very bulky and cumbersome, making it a burden to be taken elsewhere. This project is intended to create a prototype smart adapter built through the Wi-Fi module with the Cayenne Apps framework. The principle is to guarantee the use of protection in home appliances or other electrical equipment. This also decreases the cost of service and increases the efficiency of the electricity network by tracking and monitoring the load actions remotely in terms of voltage, current and power co-operation. The machine uses WEMOS primarily as a microcontroller. The DHT11 (Temperature and Humidity) Sensor, Voltage Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor and ACS712 Current Sensor are the physical input ports. As for the physical output ports, the LCD, buzzer, WIFI module and LED(s) are used. The DHT11 sensor senses a range of 0⁰ to 50⁰ Celsius and a humidity level of about 20% to 90% in the region surrounding the adapter. The Ultrasonic sensor detects any incoming object closer to the smart adapter by approximately 0 to 1/2 meters. The excessive use of energy contributes to high electricity bills. Thus, with the Cayenne Apps platform, a software framework is built using the WIFI module that allows the user to manage the smart adapter remotely and track power consumption from time to time.  This system is highly recommended in UiTM campuses, hospitals, warehouses, restaurants, café(s), pantries, and laboratories, as many electrical equipment and appliances are used daily with no proper and stable monitoring and control system. The primary recommendation of this project is installing a voltage sensor. By adding a voltage sensor, the power measured would be more accurate. Secondly, is to further improve its IoT features such as instantaneous control over several adapters. Thirdly, the features suggested in the project are to add a circuit breaker for the smart adapter to protect the adapter from high voltage spikes that cause damaged household appliances.

In medical terms, measuring temperature human body is very important because it determine the individually condition of person. Especially every diseases or illness can be detected when have been affected by characterised change the number of body temperature. When someone have a fever, they can be attack easily by others virus also can be the one who spread the virus. Since the virus of COVID-19 are haunted the whole world and there is impossible to stop the economy operation and quarantined everyone. The few ways are used to preventive measures is by scan the temperature each person and forbid the person who have an abnormal temperature from going to public places. This way is followed by the person needs to fulfil their details after scan the temperature before entering a place. In case there have someone are affected, other visitors that have a contact and have a possibility affected too will be find by Health Ministry of Malaysia to do a swab test. This project is built to make this process become easier and decrease the physical contact between the visitors and guard.

Internet of Things (IoT) is an interconnection of physical devices embedded with electronics, software and a sensor that collects data from the surrounding and sending over the internet is called IoT. The function of IoT could be known as instant monitoring of data and appliance control residing from anywhere in the world. This paper has proposed an IoT-based fire alarm system best suited for industrial. Fire is one of the major causes of accidents claiming valuable lives and property. By referring to World Health Organization (WHO) website, 180,000 deaths every year because of burning.  Most of the cases from low and middle-income countries. Because of this reason, this research introduced to minimize or even eliminate this hazard. The main objective of this research is to detect the fire through the abnormal surrounding temperature and smoke in a building or area. The research focusing on given early notification through message or call to the user and design a fire detection alert system that implements IoT technologies. This project used two sensors, a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor. The sensors collect the data and send it to the NodeMCU process as a brain of this system. Furthermore, the collected data sending to the AdaFruit platform as a cloud service for this project. The AdaFruit will analyze the data. If the temperature and percentage of smoke exceed their threshold values, an alert notification will be sent to the user via IFTTT software. The notification will trigger the exhaust fan to turn ON to ventilate out the smoke circulating in the buildings. The others notification is given to the user including green LED which indicates the condition of the building is normal while the red LED indicates the possibility of the fire broke out. The proposed project has been successfully designed and tested. The results also meet the objective function of the project.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new epidemic discovered at the end of 2019 where this disease is very easy to spread among the community. The Malaysian Government has enforced a new law to apply social distancing especially in crowded places such as the stores and public transport. This project is focusing on designing an Internet of Thing (IoT) based monitoring system that can monitor the social distancing and limitation of the customers in a retail store. The circuit was designed and simulated by using Proteus software and IDE Arduino. This project is designed with two type of sensors which are passive infrared (PIR) sensors and ultrasonic sensor. There will be two systems that involved in this project: limitation of customers in a retail store and social distancing between customers and cashier. Two PIR sensors are used at the entrance and exit of a retail store to limit the number of customers and one ultrasonic sensor is used at the cashier to indicate the suitable distance between customers and cashier. The monitoring operation used the IoT to assist the owner of the retail store to monitor their premise automatically along with the used of the cloud to collect and viewing the data related. Moreover, one of the main purposes of this project is the idea of reducing human power using the IoT and as the example the user can obtain all the data that has been logged in the software application such as Blynk and ThingSpeak to monitor the obeying of the SOP.

Home is a place where a person always requires security and privacy. Smart door locks have been adopted to increase home security. Burglary is not estranged to one’s home. As an effort in avoiding such unwanted scenario, a Smart Door Lock system is designed by using IoT platform. The aim of this project is to design a system which unlocking mechanism is activated using authorized RFID card. Aside for its smart locking and unlocking mechanism, this design is also designed in way that helps to notify the user of human presence near the house. The data required in analysing the pattern on date and time of people frequent the house will be stored on the Cloud. The system design was simulated with assists of different software and IoT software. The coding was first written in Arduino IDE software and was later uploaded onto Arduino UNO R3 component in Proteus 8 Professional Software. The data from simulation ran in Proteus software was stored on the Thingspeak Cloud. The notification sent to user through Blynk apps when the PIR sensor is triggered upon human’s presence near the house. This project enables the user to monitor the presence of human near the house. Hence, this project’s aim of monitoring regularity of people coming by the house is achieved by analysing the data stored on Cloud.

EMBEDDED GREEENHOUSE MONITORING WITH IoT SYSTEM

In line with the technology development, there is a rapid growth in Internet of Things (IoT) technology used for monitoring and controlling the greenhouse system. This project aims to design an IoT greenhouse monitoring system with essential parameters to be observed such as sunlight, temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. This project used sensory unit which are temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor and light sensor as input. Meanwhile, the outputs are automated roof, cooling fan, and water pump are utilized in order to control the system. The Arduino UNO microcontroller was used as a main processor that interfaced between input and output. The Wi-Fi module of ESP8266 used to integrate the real-time collection data using telegram BOT application. Therefore, in this project, greenhouse based IoT technology can help to monitor and control the system to be more efficient.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as an illness caused by a novel coronavirus
that was first identified amid an outbreak of respiratory illness cases in Wuhan City, Hubei
Province, China. Among the symptoms of COVID-19 is fever in which the body temperature
exceeds 37.8ºC. Therefore, this project aims to develop an IoT-based temperature screening
system for COVID-19 Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) compliance. The system is cost effective
and able to comply to the current SOP to reduce the spreading of the disease in which
people with high body temperature will not be allowed to pass through A simulation model is
designed, and it is monitored using an IoT platform. For this project, open-source applications
and websites that are used includes the Proteus 8 software, ThingSpeak, Arduino IDE, and MIT
App Inventor. No temperature reading is measured until a user is detected. If normal body
temperature is measured, green LED will turn on. If high body temperature is measured, the
system will deny the access and proceed to check for anyone passing through the entrance. If
there is no entrance breaching occur, only yellow LED will be turned on. If it does happen,
both buzzer and red LED will be turned on and notifications will be sent to the authorities. This
system is hoped to be able to assist in reducing the spreading of COVID-19.

Waste management has been a crucial issue. Once these smart bins referred as Intelligence recycle bin are implemented on a large scale replacing existing traditional bins, waste can be managed efficiently as it avoids overflowing trash everywhere and automatically sorted by type of waste materials. The design of the bin is a space-saving design. It is suitable for office or household who wants to reduce workload since the waste already sorted by their materials automatically. The bin is controlled by Arduino board that has been programmed to run the available components. This bin automatically separate waste (metal, plastic, and paper) by using metal detector and Light Dependent Sensor (LDR). The users will receive a notification through Telegram application once the bin is full. This development is achieved by using Node MCU ESP8466 CHU340 which can act as an HTTP server with an IP address assigned by that network. The bin can be remotely monitored and controlled through this user-friendly application, ADAFRUIT. Also, the bin will display “Bin is full” and ignited the LED at the front of the bin to aware the users.

This study focusing on obtaining the best absorption performance of multilayer flat absorber using kenaf as its core material. Existing commercialized absorbers are made from synthetic fibers which brings harm to the environment and for our health as they also came in a heavy and bulky dimension. A single layer of absorber also could not produce a great absorption performance. These factors lead to the purpose of this study which is to design and construct a multilayer flat absorber. This study also investigates the performance of the multilayer flat absorber kenaf by evaluating using two different parameters which are the thickness of each layer and the value of the dielectric constant. There is a total of 12 designs that will be compared to each other, to find the design that has the best absorption performance. The method of this study is by designing and evaluating the design using CST Studio Software and observe the absorption level of each design. After that, the best design that has been chosen will be trained by using an artificial neural network as its input data to predict the output data. The findings of this study have found that D7 proved to possess a great absorption performance with -61.72 dB and has a thickness of 6, 3, and 3 cm for the bottom, middle and top layers. D7 also has 2, 1.6, and 1.3 as the value of dielectric constant from bottom to top layers. The design has the criteria where it has a high lossy composite and high thickness placed at its bottom layer. Overall, it may be said that a multilayer flat absorber kenaf has the potential to be used as a commercial absorber in low-frequency range applications.

Thigh is a part of human body. It is placed between knee and hips. Thigh can be attacked with various of diseases. The diseases can be detected by using the MRI machine. In clinical practice, radiologist is the people who qualify to interpret MRI images. Radiologists will investigate the MRI thigh to determine the diseases. The infection can be in bone marrow, inner muscle, fat tissue and others. Even worse, it could spread through the other part of body. Therefore, the segmentation for fat and muscle is very important to detect the diseases place or location. The visual view for manual interpretation will involve a very subjective opinion. Different radiologist has different interpretation and perspective of view. Due to this an automatic segmentation system for thigh using MRI images is proposed in this study. An integration of graph cut and active contour algorithm is implemented to develop in the proposed system. Those technique will be separate the fat and muscle region from the MRI images. Then, the segmented images will be analysed by using average and standard deviation value. Those parameters will be calculated based on the grey intensity of the segmented images. The system will help medical expert to extract and analyses the thigh muscle and fat automatically. Result obtained proved that the integration technique shows better performance than graph cut technique. The different average percentage for both techniques in average parameter is 9.14% for muscle segmentation and 19.23% for fat segmentation. While for standard deviation parameter, the average percent increase for muscle and fat segmentation are 3.08% and 7.70%.

Rapid development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in healthcare industry explored the possibilities to optimize the supply of all the available medical resources ICT also can provide reliable, efficient healthcare services to aged people and patients with physical disabilities and chronic illness. Besides, various types of technology have also been invented by using IoT technologies and other technologies. Nowadays, due to the contagious covid-19 outbreak that has been spread all around the world, makes the idea to study the invention of monitoring the patients with fever since a person with fever is the major symptoms of someone might be infected with the Covid-19. The objective of this project is to design and develop body temperature measurement device that can be observed by the doctor in real-time as well as historical data with an alarm/indication in case of abnormalities. Four different types of patients with different body temperature is being analyzed by using the invention of monitoring their body temperature every four hours in a day. This project involved the implementation of both hardware and software which are using the Node MCU Wi-Fi Module, Tinkercad and Thingspeak. This invention somehow could help the health workers to easily monitor their patients and thus, makes the doctor's scope of work easier.

Energy harvesting is an alternative way to generate electricity without depleting natural sources. Piezoelectricity or known as piezoelectric effect is a process where certain materials can generate electricity from mechanical energy (pressure or strain) that applied to them. This project proposed four design of interdigitated electrode (IDE) with finger pattern that fabricate on a flexible Printed Circuit Board (PCB) as the energy harvesting devices. The IDE width and gap were varied to compare the performance of the energy harvester device. Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) is used as the piezoelectric material to measure the changes in pressure or strain. There were two experiments conducted to analyze the performance of the device. The first experiment was for testing the effect of load towards the device. Five different weight of load which are 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg placed on the device and output voltage produced is measured using multimeter. The second experiment was for testing the effect of vibration towards device by using sieve shaker. Two amplitude were used which are 0.5 and 1 mm and the time taken were set at 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes to record the amount of voltage stored in capacitor. Comparison is made between output voltage produced and store that has been recorded for four different design of IDE and piezo ceramic that available in market. The results showed that design 4 is the best device with IDE width and gap is 1mm because of its flexibility and size where it is bigger than other design. While the piezo ceramic produced the lowest output voltage among the five energy harvester devices.

Smart Power Extender Unit (SPEU) is a moveable ac-power socket connector unit that is the ideal solution for safe connection of power between main sources to job site equipment, live events, and all of your temporary power needs. SPEU is specially designed using a handy hard case with a roller and additionally equipped with an electrical safety device. It is equipped with three units of retractable extension cables that carry a maximum current of 13 A from the main source to the unit and each of the lines is supported by three socket plugs at the backend, and it is supported by a retractable cord wire (RCW). The total current usage by all the appliances connected to the unit is displayed by a current meter. Altogether, this unit can serve up to nine devices in a row compared to only three equipment that can be supported by the conventional counterparts. Additionally, each of the distribution line it is protected with the safety measure of a miniature circuit breaker (MCB). MCB is an electrical switch to protect from excess current from an overload and short circuit.

The present fish breeding system are unsystematic, inaccurate, and require manpower to determine the quality of water regularly. In general, the quality of water mainly depends on several parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity, hardness, and alkalinity. Water temperature is one of the most physical factors affecting fish growth and production. Unsuitable temperature of water can make fish inactive, making their growth come to a halt and on top of that, will change the pH of water by stimulating algae growth. Densely concentrated algal bloom can deplete oxygen in the water which will cause the fish to be suffocated. Due to these problems, this low-cost project describes the development of water quality monitoring and control system using Arduino microcontroller. The circuit consists of temperature sensor to detect and retain a specific temperature for freshwater fish in a range of 25˚C to 30˚C. The temperature is regulated automatically using a motor driver and heating bulb if the temperature is either above or below the pre-set range. The readings of water temperature will be displayed through LCD display. At the same time, the UV lamp is used to confront the algae problem since light is known to be the major factor to algae growth. The optimum temperature for algae growth is ranging between 20˚C to 30˚C. Thus, this UV lamp is activated if the algae bloom happens at the range of 25˚C to 30˚C. This project generates a healthy environment for aquaculture and save people’s time and money.

Electrical power generation system has been developed based on the mathematical block model for a tidal energy conversion system by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The mathematical block model consists of five main modelling block which are turbine, drive train, controller, generator and converter. These five modelling blocks is the representation of a real-life element for a power generation system for tidal energy. The aim of the simulation is to demonstrate the operation of tidal energy system based on tidal stream generator through mathematical equation. However, the mathematical modelling is based on d-q reference frame. Furthermore, the results from the simulation will be analyzed in order to prove this system could become a power generation system. The results obtained from the simulation such as speed of tidal turbine, kinetic energy, output voltage and current, and power generated by the turbine and generator will proved whether this system could generate a significant amount of energy and power for electrical power generation system.

Solar thermal systems (STS) now fulfill the rising electricity demand every day with solid and environmentally sustainable equipment. However, for successful usage, optimizing their efficiency under proper working conditions is necessary. In intelligent engine-based techniques such as the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and many more, reliable, and fast prediction of system outcomes plays an important role. Previous research on this initiative shows that multiple input criteria have been used to measure the efficiency of solar thermal systems. However, the related input parameters are not well specified. This research will define appropriate criteria and the best method of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for estimating the solar thermal systems performance. This study aims to introduce AI for performance estimation of solar thermal systems by contrasting the ANN methodology to other approaches to forecast the efficiency of the solar thermal system. In this case study, a related input parameter is used to estimate the efficiency of solar thermal systems and to compare which ANN algorithms and other AI techniques have the most accurate predictor for the efficiency of solar thermal systems. The Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) training algorithm from the results gives the best estimate of the efficiency of the solar thermal system. This research aims to support the engineer out there to help them monitor their system and improvise their system to the optimum results. Software is created to monitor the system efficiently and give the outputs and the problem from the system by using Artificial Intelligence. This service is called Neuartelligence which stands for Neuron Artificial Intelligence. Based on this idea can be developed into service to monitor and consult the power system that helps to overcome the number of blackouts and power system failure.

The present study is aimed at the development of Gluten free pasta based on rice flour with incorporation Centella asiatica (pegaga) powder and oat β-glucans content, and evaluation of product quality and its nutritional values. The difficulty was to reproduce the texture provided by the gluten network without using gluten. Hence, an experimental design of gluten free ingredients (egg, rice flour, pegaga powder, oat ß-glucan, salt , water) was assessed for sensory evaluation using Hedonic scale method.  Different formulations were prepared depending on variation of ingredients in each formulation. In case of gluten free pasta, the formulation containing all the eights ingredients with 5 g of pegaga powder was liked most and scored highest on 9-point hedonic rating scale. Incorporation of nutritious gluten free ingredients increased the content of essential nutrients such as moisture (62.07%), protein (1.92%), fat (0.64%), ash (0.77%) and crude fiber (0.55%). The minerals content Calcium and Iron were present as much 1.64 mg/L and 0.49 mg/L. This finding showed all the composite GF pasta had good acceptable quality and lowest fat content and contributes to healthier GF pasta as 40% lower calories than commercialized GF pasta. Thus, the pasta added of pegaga powder oat β-glucans are a more beneficial food not only for the gluten intolerant individuals, but for anyone concerned about a healthy diet.

GFC innovate the existing fried coating mix flour which are readily available in the market. It is developed through the usage of sweet potato as the main ingredients of the coating mix, replacing wheat flour. In this product, sweet potato is being focused as the substitutes of wheat flour that commonly used in an existing coating mix in the market which has high gluten content. A gluten-free diet is a diet that excludes the protein gluten. GFC is able to cater the needs for the gluten-intolerance consumers which adds the variations of gluten-free food items available in the market. Sweet potato has its nutritious value which fortified the coating mix itself. Moreover, the main ingredients, sweet potato is conveniently resourcing throughout the year in Malaysia and the price is much cheaper compared to wheat. The innovation of this product is expected to be able to fulfil the market demand of gluten-free product with cost-effective ingredients, especially low cost, same quality and nutritious main ingredient, sweet potatoes.

Papaya or scientifically known as Carica Papaya Linn, is one of the most abundant tropical fruit that can be found in Malaysia and is consumed as fresh fruit or used as a processed fruit. This fruit is considered as useful fruit because all parts of the papaya is beneficial. Despite of all the benefits, the local people awareness towards the papaya benefit is still low specifically the papaya seed as it always been discarded. Therefore, this study is focusing on papaya seed because there are numerous scientific research had been done that have proven its great potential. The results shows that papaya seed is indeed beneficial as it can be antioxidant agent in blood, improve digestive system as well as able to lower down the cholesterol level in the body. The objective of this study is to extract the benefit of papaya seed while minimize the wastage by introduce the papaya seed-based tea. Several tests had been done in order to achieve the mentioned above objective by using main ingredients which are (1) whole crushed papaya seed and (2) combination of papaya seed and flesh in order to produce papaya seed tea. Throughout the research, it can be deduced that the tea produce from papaya seed is indeed beneficial and can be substitute to the existing tea product in the market.

DURIAN SEED MILK POWDERED DRINK is a milk drink that rich with good nutrients such as fiber, zinc, calcium and carbohydrate for nutritional purposes. It is a drink that contains durian seeds which has processed into powder then being mixed with milk powder to produce durian seed milk flavored drink. The processes of making it was that the durian seeds need to be soaked, chopped, dried, then powdered and will be mixed with milk powder to produced durian seeds milk powder drink. Since this drink is an innovated drink product which produced by adding durian seed extract in it, the main features of this drink are it provides many benefits to our body such as improves digestion and prevents constipation and other digestive problems. This is a new innovation in unique and nutritious durian seed flavored drink, while preserving the natural taste of durian seeds, nutrition and benefits. It plays a crucial role in our body by acting as a catalyst for the metabolism of more than 100 enzymes. A certain quantity of calcium and other safe compounds capable of providing nutritious intake for bone and teeth are also present in this chocolate drink. In Malaysia, there is no such product of durian seed which produced commercially for people. Because of that, we as a culinary arts students take this opportunity to invent this kind of product and commercialized it in Malaysia for people to try the uniqueness of the durian seed chocolate flavored drink where has never existed in the market yet.

Mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) are cultivated in many tropical regions and distributed widely in the world. It is one of the most extensively exploited fruits for food, juice, flavour, fragrance and colour. Mangoes also a common ingredient in new functional foods, often called as super fruits. Other than the fruits, mangoes leaves are ritually used as floral decorations at weddings and religious ceremonies. Several researches have been conducted on Mangoes. However, only few focused on the use of mango seed as a new product.  It was found that the mango seed have a lot of nutrients such as potassium which is an essential nutrient and has an important role in synthesis of amino acid and proteins. Mango seed are said to reduce dandruff. By applying it on hair, mango seed can lustrous and strengthen it. It keeps the hair becomes healthy. Using mango seed as main ingredient in a product development is seen as an advantage since there an excessive mango seed waste in this country which is not recognized for commercialization of new product. Realising this, Mango seed crackers is developed as a new product. The ingredients are 100% from mangoes seed that have been fully dried through drying process. The seed is dried first by using dehydrator or in traditional way, sun drying until the moisture of the seed becomes less compared from the original one. Then, the mango seed kernels have been crushed into powdery form by using blender or hammer mill. Mangifera is an insoluble fibre that can replace fat and sugar and making the processed food healthier and cheaper. It substitutes the sugar and the pectin or gelatine in jams and jellies. The texture of the processed product also can be improved by increasing the fibre content in the final product. Cracker that is make from mango seed kernel has its own health benefits, known as gutli which is generally consumed in powder form or made into oil and butter. The moderate consumption of mango seed is useful for minimising the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Moreover, mango seed helps to lower the blood sugar levels. The enzyme of the intestines and liver will be altered in reducing the absorption of the glucose. By converting the seed into cracker, it can create awareness on the benefits of consuming product from mango seed and at the same time commercialize it in the food industry.

Nasi Dagang Chewy Cake is made of glutinous rice and glutinous rice flour mixed with coconut milk. Fish floss or serunding ikan is composed of fish, coconut milk, fresh herbs like ginger, galangal and mingled with curry powder. This innovation purposely to regenerate a product from the iconic East Coast Malaysia dish, Nasi dagang. Moreover, this development also aims to revamp a new product based on common ingredients of Nasi dagang and at the same time to examine the shelf life of the product. To develop Nasi Dagang Chewy Cake, precaution measure was taken to ensure it is at the highest quality starting from the selection of ingredients until the packaging phase. This creation is able to establish as a new product and at the same time impart a value added to Nasi dagang. This product is very convenient because it is easily to get especially in the market thus, potentially opens up more opportunities for business marketers which can focus on the customer's preference. Last but not least, the development of Nasi Dagang Chewy Cake can promote our traditional food in a different way to the higher market.

Durian seed contains abundant sources of minerals, vitamins, protein and polysaccharide compounds but it is often discarded as a waste material. Durian seed also displayed characteristics like a hydrocolloid which can be utilized as an emulsifying agent. This study is performed to extract gum from durian seeds and determine its functional characteristics with comparison to commercial guar gum (GG).  The efficiency of durian seed gum (DSG) extraction was determined by calculating the yield percentage. The emulsifying properties of the DSG and GG were evaluated by measuring the solubility percentage, water holding capacity (WHC) and oil holding capacity (OHC). Proximate compositions of DSG and GG were obtained to observe its effects on the emulsifying properties displayed by DSG and GG. The emulsifying activity of DSG and GG was investigated by adding the gum into coconut milk. Coconut milk was applied as model system as it is recognized to be physically unstable and tends to separate into a layer of cream and serum. The emulsion stability of coconut milk was observed at four different concentration (0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 % and 2.0 %). This study can explore durian seed’s potential even further, reduce food waste problem and commercialize durian seed as something that can be used in food product which will eventually assist in enhancing agriculture sector and food security in Malaysia. This study also can provide new knowledge on the utilization of durian seeds; from waste to sustainable food emulsifier.

Pada pada kini Industri Kecil dan Sederhana (IKS) yang diusahakan di dalam negara berkembang pesat dengan pelbagai hasil yang mendorong kepada perkembangan ekonomi dalam negara.Perkembangan ini adalah kesan daripada penghasilan kepelbagaian makanan yang dihasilkan melalui inovasi makanan berpandukan kepada khasiat bahan utama makanan dan kehendak pasaran.Di Malaysia, industri makanan merupakan penyumbang kedua tertinggi kepada sektor perkilangan Industri Kecil dan Sederhana (IKS) Oleh itu, inovasi dalam resipi makanan yang lebih komprehensif dan praktikal diperlukan dalam industri IKS. Penghasilan produk ‘ Rempeyek Jantung Pisang ‘ bertujuan untuk memberi pendedahan kepada masyarakat terhadap keunikan dan khasiat jantung pisang. Pembangunan produk ‘ Rempeyek Jantung Pisang ‘ merupakan satu produk baharu yang mampu bersaing dengan produk ‘ Rempeyek ‘ yang berada di pasaran. Inovasi bagi rempeyek  ini merupakan inovasi awal kepada sistem penyediaan rempeyek yang melibatkan lima proses utama, iaitu proses mengopek, membasuh, menyagat, menggoreng dan membungkus. Projek ini dijalankan untuk memperkenalkan kudapan yang berasaskan jantung pisang. Projek ini akan menghasilkan produk baru iaitu rempeyek jantung pisang. Produk ini mengkhususkan kepada penggunaan jantung pisang dan tepung beras sebagai bahan utama.

Curry tree or some times called sweet neem is a tropical tree. The plant scientific name is Murraya Koenigii. Its leaves, known as curry leaves, are used in many dishes in the Indian subcontinent, especially curries. The fresh curry leaves not only indispensable part of Indian cuisine, also used widely in Indian traditional medicine. This curry base cake innovated, not just because the curry leaves unique flavour and aroma, but also its does contain nurients for health benefit. They are rich in carbohydrates, protein, fibre, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other mineral also vitamins. This curry leaves cake called ‘Koenigii Cake’, baked and flavored by curry leaves powder used as a mixture for flour. Curry leaves dried by dehydrator machine and then blend into powder. The unique of Koenigii Cake was the filling of the cake also using the curry leaves with other ingredients to maintain the aroma and the curry taste. This cake will be popular among the community because nowadays curry leaves widely used in cooking across the world.

The natural food coloring from dragon fruit is an innovative product which is extracted from peeling, drying and grinding to powder of the fruit skin. This natural coloring extract can be produced and kept without preservatives. This innovative product is a better option as compared to other existing synthetic colorings due to the nutrition contents. On the other hand, the use of the dragon fruit skin can reduce the generation of food wastes. However the knowledge of the colorings from dragon fruit among the people is lacking. Besides, level of acceptance on the use of this product in bakery and pastry is unknown among the public. The study has targeted Kolej Vokasional Sultan Abdul Samad (KVSAS) committees (randomly 50 respondents). Specifically, the study found that almost 90% of the respondents are in favour of the natural colouring extracts and supported that the production of the Dragon Fruit Skin Extract is widely marketed locally and internationally.

Introduction: Thalassemia is the most severe form of blood disease. Thalassemia major is where the person needs regular blood transfusions and medical care. Thalassemia Major is people with Transfusion-Dependent This thalassemia Toolkit: School Edition use for People with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia.  This Toolkit will be an informative and helpful tool to use during the educational years in school.

Phlebotomy is the procedure by which a puncture usually in the vein of the arm to draw blood. It is the duty of health care providers, such as surgeons, physicians, phlebotomists and nurses, to practice phlebotomy. Gathering phlebotomy products in busy wards becomes such a hassle which could lead to delay in taking blood, particularly during an emergency. We will fasten the process and lessen the discomfort of the clients by reducing the time taken to plan for the equipment. The EzPhleby kit is a revolutionary design in which all things needed for phlebotomy are collected in a compact plastic zip-lock container. It was planned to make it easy to conduct blood procedures for healthcare providers by getting this package along with specimen bottles. The uniqueness of this package includes a phlebotomy-related informative booklet, a piece of disposable tourniquet (used to stop blood flow during phlebotomy temporarily) for the prevention of cross-infection among patients and a piece of facemask for the prevention of airborne diseases, particularly during the pandemic of Covid-19. In order to make it easy for healthcare professionals to carry out their duties without the hustle, this initiative seeks to innovate the current phlebotomy kit to become the most client-friendly. Both health care providers who manage phlebotomy or clinical educators during clinical teaching exercises can use this EzPhleby. As a result, this innovative package will have a new potential tool for improving the management of patients in healthcare settings. For the acceptance of this EzPhleby proposal, the extension of this project will be proposed to the Phlebotomy Association Malaysia.

Diabetes can be dangerous to patients’ feet even a small cut can produce serious consequences. Development progression of diabetes may cause nerve damage and reduce sensation on diabetes patient’s feet. In addition, diabetes may also reduce the flow of blood circulation to the feet and making harder for wound healing and resist infections. Due these factors, patients may not notice the present of foreign object either sharp or blunt in shoes. As result may develop a blister, poor progress wound healing and may lead to amputation. Living with foot ulcer complication may impact long life burden in term of economy as well as mentally distress. Therefore, foot care one of the essential components to empowering patients towards their diabetes foot care to preventing from risk of having diabetic foot ulcer complications. Through the foot care component, aspect of assessment, examination, preventive measure, educational and awareness can be enhancing to empowering patient into preventive strategies for diabetic foot ulcer complications. To strengthen and merge all component of foot care, this project approaches the innovation of Diabetic Foot Care kit (DFC kit) mainly to empowering diabetes patients in maintaining good care in foot care as well as method of care assessment and examinations. This DFC kit provides the complete tools for care and examination include of educational packages. In addition, this product come with user guidelines in audio and documentation version for systematic client approach and understanding to perform the examination. DFC kit will help diabetes patients to sustain with proper footcare and examination routine, then may lead to empower them in preventive measure strategies in diabetes foot complications.

Finger/Hand is commonly vulnerable to injury since it's one amongst the first way’s human interact with our surroundings. On the other hand, the population who requires aid and rehabilitation is systematically increasing. Currently, rehabilitation devices are actuated by numerous strategies as well as Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PMA), dc motor, hydraulic, Nitinol Spring and Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is being utilized. The limitation of utilizing these mechanisms are they produces lower range of motions. The objective of this research study is to fabricate Finger/Hand rehabilitation device using servo motor, analyze the mechanical properties such as range of motion (ROM) of the fingers and to comparative study of the experimental data with the literature. In this research study, Rehabilitation device with a wire-driven mechanism actuated by Servo Motor was fabricated. Finger/Hand Rehabilitation device actuated by Servo Motor with the speed of 10 RPM produced maximum flexion angle of 75°. The developed Rehabilitation device produced 75° range of motion (ROM) as compared to the reviewed literatures findings with an inadequate Range of Motion (ROM) 68°. Performance of the prototype through experimental and theoretical results has proven better when compared to the reviewed literatures

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a medical emergency. Prompt treatment is crucial. In order to minimize the rate of brain damage and complications in the limbs, early steps can reduce the risk. Stroke occurs due to disruption of blood supply to the disturbed brain area and can damage the brain tissue due to the lack of oxygen and nutrients supplies. In minutes, brain cells begin to die. The good news is that CVA can be treated and prevented. In addition, since CVA can be treated and prevented, rehabilitation is one of the important part in the recovery process. There are some cases of CVAs that do not impair brain function when they occur and this will help to make the recovery process much faster. Rehabilitation includes physical therapy, speech therapy and occupational therapy. This recovery process takes a long time, whether in months or even years. It follows the level of therapeutic exercise performed such as exercises on the shoulders to the wrists or to the feet for walking. This process of therapy is performed to prevent stiffness in the patient's muscle. Apart from this traditional rehabilitation technique, there is a growing need to study the new concept of rehabilitation for stroke syndrome. (J.S. Balami R.L. Chen. 2013). Modern treatments for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes have reached an advanced stage of development in the modern era of digital and device technology. Neuro-interventional treatment is a great way for CVAs, in which surgery is done on the brain without the need to open-up the skull. However, this procedure requires high cost of treatment. The main concept of this rehabilitation proposal is to make the elbow moves against certain predefined resistance repetitively. The simplest rehabilitation activities are like squeezing a rubber ball, therapy putty, elbow peddlers and elbow skates. However, such traditional activities are becoming less popular. With the emergence of automation technology, the alternative rehabilitation activities will be to replace the traditional rehabilitation techniques using robotic automation. Therefore, this project will embark on a study to develop the new concept of rehabilitation for stroke syndrome using automation technology.

The value of efficient wound treatment cannot be overlooked. Wounds can contribute to the formation of a chronic wound in complex patients and those who are poorly treated. The widespread use of antimicrobial agents contributes to the presence of multi-resistant bacteria and is a major challenge, especially in the treatment of wounds. We established natural wound treatment, a Piperlief spray containing extract of Piper sarmentosum leaves as an active antimicrobial agent. Piper sarmentosum or locally known as Kaduk is an easy herb to grow and is relatively easy to care for. The laboratory test demonstrated that the phytochemical compounds found in the extract of Piper sarmentosum leaves are responsible for inhibiting the growth of pathogens, making it effective for wound healing. The extract of the leaves also contains low levels of toxic heavy metals, thus making it safe to use. At the same time, this non-sticky spray has no alcohol content and is easily absorbed into the skin. This cost-effective product is ideal for treating wounds without leaving customers with any harmful side effects and speeds up wound healing.

Smart ward empowers hospitals staff to focus more on patients by reducing the burdens, best practice and reduces stress through discrete reminders and make patient more comfortable admitted at ward. This project basically addresses the problem that nurses faces in their everyday life in hospital. This project basically addresses the problem that nurses faces in their everyday life in hospital. The main part of this system is automatic medicine dispenser. This medicine dispenser here dispense medicine on its on according to the time set by nurse on their systems. Let say every two hours or four the medicine will dispense on it own when time comes. The water dispenser which is integrated together with the system dispense water once the user has to set temperature they want. As soon as they put their cup inside, water will dispense. We found that the workload of the nurse is heavy where at time they forget to deliver medicine on time. We have come up with this automated medicine dispenser which will dispense medicine on time. The speaker here will notify the patient to take medication. The IV fluid automatically sends a message to the nurse when there is no saline solution in the saline bottle. On of the greatest advantages of our projects is the easy interface with users, the functionality of which can  be managed by mobile applications as all the sensors are connected to the cloud using internet. The sound sensor over here detects the sound level at the bed. At times, the visitors tend to be noisy and this might affect the patients. The patients might not be able to rest well. In conventional systems, there will be a security guard who will be keeping an eye on the noise level in the wards. Since the sound sensor is connected to cloud, he/she will be able to monitor the sound level without having the necessity to walk around. The air quality system will certainly help to monitor the surrounding air. We are detecting a few types of gases such us CO2 and Smoke. A healthy environment is good for patient to get well soon. We come out with this simple solution. Also, the light here is connected to cloud. The nurse will be able to control the ward light in a single press IOT protocol. We a using blynk app to control. This will allow the nurses to perform others work such as taking blood pressure reading from patient and giving injection to patients on time. We can give full assurance this idea would be grade implements in all hospitals to reduce the workload of a nurse. Private hospitals might have better equipment’s, but they a expensive where the government hospitals might not be able to afford those

Although many researches have been carried out to understand the human behavior and emotion, however there is less research available on driver’s emotion while driving. Data from the road safety research shown that, driving impairment caused by unstable emotion may lead to road accidents and cause injury.   Without a doubt psychological criteria play an important role in driving comfort and safety. Therefore, we have developed a device called ERAS (Emotion and Early Drowsiness Detection System). By measuring the eyes aspect ratio and develop our own algorithm for face recognition, this smart device is very useful for detection of human’s drowsiness and emotion while driving in a car.  The system which is connected to the car navigation system (GPS) will analyze the face and eyes for every 20-minutes. The system also provides a connection to interactive medium such as music apps. A camera which is installed in front of driver will monitor the face changes and provide a suggested solution on a screen. The driver can choose their desired solutions based on their emotion that time. This smart system proposed to improve interaction between car and human, reduce accidents risk, save lives, also to advancing road safety.

Although there are many assistive technologies that were developed to help disabled people, however there is insufficient technology for speech impairment person.  Assistive technology is defined as assistive, adaptive and rehabilitative devices for Person with Disabilities (PWD) or elderly population. With the increases of technology development many assistive technologies have been developed in order to help the community in need so that they can have a normal life and carry out their daily activities. This invention focusses on the development of smart translator display for speech impairment person. By capturing a real-time sign language and body movement using high resolution camera, the system will process the signal and transform the data into visual and aural information. The device is programmed to recognize different alphabets and numbers. This intelligent device perhaps will bridge the communication barrier and help disabled people.

Secured UPNM MyEvent System is a web-based system developed to solve problems arising among students in event management. There are many events organized by UPNM’s clubs and associations, as well as students themselves. Most of the events, activities, and programs require participation from students. Lack of participation happens when students keep missing the information from the promotion of the event. This situation occurs because of an ineffective event information delivery system. Conventional methods to attract students are no longer effective to gain their attention and attract them to participate in the events. The absence of a dedicated smart system for event management is a catalyst for the development of the MyEvent system. Therefore, the main objective of the system is to assist students in organizing and promoting events effectively. This system is capable to provide detailed information on events organized by clubs and associations and also facilitates event management in UPNM. The development of this system is based on the RAD methodology. Secured MyEvent system is developed by using Visual Studio Code- editor application. In addition, MySQL is used as a database to store students and events information. This system uses multiple security features including password encryption, sessions SSL and HTTPS, input validation, and password-based authentication, in order to ensure the security of the system.  This Secured UPNM MyEvent System can assist and facilitate the promotion of events, activities, the booking of the event location, and event registration for UPNM students and could potentially assist the users in the future.

Digital forensic investigation procedures in Malaysia are still new and currently it has no systematic methods or procedures in the investigative itself.Among the lack of forensic investigations for cell phones, it is still use manual system investigation checklist. First Respondent Automated Checklist (FRAC) system is  introduce to help investigators efficiently as a guideline during investigation session for mobile phones forensic investigations. This system can generate investigation reports for references during court session.

The digital world is nowadays more advanced than the previous decade due to the rapid development of technology and innovation. However, with the advancement of this technology has also led to the existence of cybercrime nowadays. Among the problems that exist in digital forensics is the storage of data not safe. Therefore, the Digital Forensic Records Investigation System (E-FORENSIC DIGITAL) was developed with the aim of facilitating the business of digital forensic investigators to record data in handling a cybercrime. This system will replace the current system that uses manual methods to online systems that will make it easier for digital forensic investigators

This Covid-19 Thermometer and Notification System was developed to address certain problems that arise in school areas that require constant monitoring of body temperature and contact tracing if there is any indication of Covid-19 cases among students, teachers, and staff of SMK Sultan Abdul Jalil. This smart thermometer and notification system is developed based on the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) set by the National Security Council (MKN) and the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) that has to be complied with by the school. The proposed system will not only be able to measure the temperature of the school attendees, but also notify the administration if the school member’s temperature is not within the permitted level. The methodology used in developing the system is the System Development Life Cycle which focuses on planning, analyzing, designing, implementing, and testing. This system will be based on real-time, using an SI unit, and measuring at Celcius (°). The tools used to develop this project are Arduino UNO and Genuine UNO, Waveshare OLED, Perintang 4.75k ohm, Kapasitor 100 nF, MLX90614 5V sensor, Breadboard, and Jumper Wire, while the software used is Arduino 1.8.13. MySQL will also be used as the database to store the data. This system will also emphasize the security components, including the use of RFID to scan the ID for authentication as well as the encryption of passwords in the database. Overall, the system is hoped to replace the existing manual temperature-taking system and provide the school with a better comprehensive solution in terms of contact tracing to better serve the school members in this pandemic.

A location based attendance system provides many benefits to an organizations. It enables an employer to provide an automated attendance system from a remote location. This help the organization to reduce the manual processes using card or biometric scanner devices by using an android application on smartphone.  Each employee’s location can be determined by the  Global Positioning System(GPS) using the employee's smartphone either be at the office, home, work site or any location that they suppose to attend for work. The Location based Attendance system will provide clock in and out information for each employee especially for those who has to work from home during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis.

The performance evaluation of the lecturers is an important thing the university needs to do to determine the performance of the work of the lecturers. However, the current method of assessment makes it difficult for the lecturers to fill in the form manually. Lecturer Performance Assessment System in the Teaching Category was developed to enable lecturers to fill in assessment information based on the components set by the university. The methodology used is a waterfall model which consist planning, design, analysis, testing, and evaluation. The application was developed using PHP and MySQL. There are seven important components in the teaching category namely teaching, supervision, research, publication, professional services, leadership and unofficial activities and contributions. Each component contributes a percentage of score for the lecturer to reach the minimum limit of the percentage of marks set. The online evaluation system also helps lecturers to record the weighted assessment scores that have been filled, fill in the information on a regular basis, easily accessible regardless of time and place also can avoid manual loss of information, as well as generate assessment results reports. While for assessors, the system helps them to check the weight of the marks completed by the lecturers, issue assessment results more efficiently and transparently, making it easier for them to evaluate regularly and can access information regardless of time and place.

Halal Food Restaurant Information System Using Android

The necessity to find halal food and beverages is rising with the increasing number of Muslim populations in the world. However, certain areas it is very difficult to find halal food and drink. The project aims to build Android-based applications to help users find halal food and beverages information around Selangor district. Every halal restaurant owners who wants to promote his or her restaurant, need to register with the app to enter their restaurant information. The application also helps restaurant owners to promote their restaurant. The methodology used is a waterfall model which consist planning, design, analysis, testing, and evaluation. The application was developed using Basic4Android. The features of this application are searching for restaurant locations that provide halal food and beverages by choosing the place that is selected by users around the Selangor district, contains restaurant owner description, contact information, food menu as well as parking facilities and prayer venues. This application can help Muslim users to obtain accurate halal restaurant information and restaurant owners can promote their restaurants to make more sales.

Android Application for Monitoring UPNM Students' Movements Using QR Code Scanner (MyJejak@UPNM)

The spread of the Covid-19 outbreak worldwide resulted in various safety measures being taken to curb the outbreak. This project aims to build an Android-based application (MyJejak@UPNM) to record and generate reports on student/staff movement in UPNM. The methodology used is a waterfall consisting of planning, design, analysis, testing, and evaluation. The application was developed using Basic4Android. The feature in this application is to track the movement of students/staff using the Quick Response (QR) code that uses barcodes and can record information. The system's student/staff movement report helps UPNM Health Centre staff accelerate the process of identifying students at risk of Covid-19 infection. The advantages of this Android-based application help students sign in to buildings or offices in UPNM by simply scanning the QR code. The difference in this application with the existing application that is used outside, MyJejak@UPNM only focused on movement in UPNM and does not mix with the external movements of UPNM. This application can produce detailed movement statistics for each student/staff in UPNM. This method is faster than traditional methods of writing personal information in the record book. This system is able to assist administrators to quickly and effectively track the movement of UPNM students/staff.

In this digital age, many organizations are moving towards employing web-based application technologies to improve data and record management processes. Web-based applications can fully automate the recording, reporting, calculation as well as other processes. This web-based application system named as the Automated Inventory Management System (AIMS) is developed to facilitate the record management and tracking of computer components and devices such as the monitor, cable or mouse using the QR code technology. Current manual procedures in handling the inventory of computer parts and devices in Infostructure Unit, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis is prone to human errors, data loss and highly time-consuming. Therefore, to ease these problems, a web-based inventory management system equipped with QR Code is designed and developed to manage the recording, tracking and monitoring the in and out of computer parts and devices. To achieve this, a Waterfall model is employed as the methodology that consists of planning, information gathering, requirement and analysis, design and development, implementation, testing and documentation. The development of AIMS involved the use of web-based applications such as PHP, HTML, MySQL, and Apache to cater the managing, recording, and reporting of the automated inventory management system. Besides, implementing QR code technology could replace the paper receipt and could help the users to claim a warranty if there are any mishaps in the future. Upon completion of the AIMS system, testing for usability and functionality among potential end-users were conducted. 35 participants have involved in these testing and the results have showed that the respondents have agreed that the AIMS system is simple and easy to use. The respondents have also agreed that the services provided by AIMS is more effective and accurate compared to the manually recording and tracking of the computer parts and devices.

Many studies indicate that most university undergraduates are still unsure about their future career upon graduation. Questions such as if they will be able to find an acceptable job, which job field they should be in and what factors should be considered in deciding their job selection. In this project, we proposed Career Planning Decision Support System to help undergraduate students to plan for their career especially in the area of Computer Science. The proposed system is based on the technique of Decision Table. The system will analyzes the student’s interest and characteristics based on the set of questions given in the system and determine the suitable type of career in the field of Computer Science.

Setiap orang mempunyai gaya pembelajaran dan kekuatan yang tersendiri. Gaya pembelajaran boleh didefinisikan sebagai minat atau pola terpilih yang mendorong seseorang apabila memproses maklumat baru atau pengalaman. Gaya pembelajaran juga boleh didefinisikan sebagai cara mempelajari  sesuatu mengikut kecenderungan individu. Terdapat pelbagai teori dan model gaya pembelajaran. Murid dan guru perlu mengetahui  kepelbagaian gaya pembelajaran tersebut supaya mereka dapat mengenal pasti  gaya pembelajaran yang  sesuai untuk diri mereka mahupun pelajar mereka. Kebanyakkan pelajar hanya menghafal setiap nota yang diberikan oleh pensyarah mereka sebagai persediaan untuk mereka menghadapi peperiksaan. Namun,tanpa mengetahui gaya pembelajaran yang sesuai bagi mereka,pelajar tidak akan mampu untuk menghafal pelbagai teori dan formula pada saat-saat akhir sebelum menghadapi peperiksaan. Oleh itu,satu mekanisme yang dapat membantu para pelajar mengetahui gaya pembelajaran yang sesuai bagi mereka perlu diwujudkan. Gaya pembelajaran pelajar ditentukan dengan merujuk kepada Model Gaya Pembelajaran Felder-Silverman (1988) yang mengkategorikan gaya pembelajaran kepada empat dimensi iaitu pemprosesan (active/reflective), persepsi (sensing/intuitive), input (visual/verbal) dan pemahaman (sequential/global).

The Basic Marching Apps is a simple and user-friendly application which aims to explain and provide a clear and effective understanding of the foundation of the marching. This application was first developed for cadet officers of the Military Training Academy (ALK) at the National Defence University of Malaysia (NDUM). An overview of the Application for Basic Marching project uses the app on an online basis. The process of learning in the field is parade square and the understanding and knowledge related to the marching is very limited. This resulted in an understanding of learning and other military trainings as a result of the limited needs of knowledge. This thesis discusses the process of application development in the reach of established objectives. The development of the application known as the Application for Basic Marching is based on a prototype model. The application was developed using Javascript as a programming language. While MySQL is used as a database to store user information of this application. The development of the Aplication for Basic Marching shows that this application will help officers and coaches of the Military Training Academy to understand and help the cadet officers manage their time. Future studies are recommended to enhance application capabilities.

Gym Coupon Purchase System is a system that provides convenience to all users to register and purchase coupons at UPNM Gym. Previously, the user created the process manually. It was found that there were some problems that arose during the process of manually using. Due to that, the UPNM Gym Coupon Purchase System has been developed. This thesis discusses the development process system in achieving predetermined objectives. The development of a system known as UPNM Gym Coupon Purchase System is based on the waterfall model. This system was developed using HTML,CSS and JavaScript as languages programming. While MySQL is used as a database to store user information. The results of the development of the UPNM Gym Coupon Purchase System show the system this can help gym administrators in updating and managing information with simple and systematic.

Sadly, many Malaysians still practice the habit of throwing rubbish everywhere. They failed to throw rubbish into the rubbish bin despite the various facilities that had been provided. The government also takes this matter seriously by providing facilities and holding campaigns to provide awareness to Malaysians. Contrary to many complaints that the existing facilities are not fit to be used. The rubbish bins are always full and never been cleaned by the authorities, so rubbish is scattered everywhere. This research focuses on an innovative dustbin system known as Smart Dustbin. This system will be developed to make it easier for Malaysians to own facilities while maintaining a clean environment. Smart Dustbin is a covered dustbin equipped with ultrasonic sensors and WIFI.  This innovation can detect the fullness level of the rubbish in the dustbin. The system will send a message to the respective parties for alerting them that the dustbin is full. The cleaners can react to the messages and clear the respective bins. The cleaners need not check the bins routinely. They can rely on the alert system. This system can be commercialized by upgrading the alert system. The report can be generated and report to the higher management about the effectiveness of this bins. In a long run, management can plan according to the analysis based on the reports. So, no wastage on the manpower. Besides the alert system, the bins even can be upgraded to an infra-red bin to auto open and close the lid.

Bahagian Pengurusan Kenderaan Akademi Latihan Ketenteraan (ALK) was established to manage vehicles and also vehicle rental applications. To apply, the applicant needs to apply manually. Applicants must fill in the form provided by the ALK Vehicle Management Division. This method is inefficient and unsystematic. This thesis discusses the stated system development process and achieves the objectives discussed. This system is named Sistem Pengurusan Kenderaan ALK and uses a prototype model. Sistem Pengurusan Kenderaan ALK uses MySQL as the database to store and record user, driver, vehicle officer and application information. In addition, schedule generation more systematically and view monthly reports online. With this system, it is hoped that all the problems encountered can be addressed easily and successfully. Future studies are recommended to further enhance the capabilities of the system through the Sistem Pengurusan Kenderaan ALK.

Sabah Hotspot Mobile Application is a travel guide help visitors and users in Sabah to be aware of places of interests and recreational activities. This idea came when one of the group members, who is an active hiker, thought it will be convenient if there is an application to help a hiker like her to show nearby hiking hill she can go to with her friends. Thus, the idea to create a travel guide app to assist users and visitors to Sabah came into mind. The uniqueness will be the features of the application where its role is similar to a travel guidebook. This application will help both locals and tourists get to know famous attractions, historical sites, nearby shopping malls, recommended restaurants, hidden gems like small eateries, islands, and recreational activities that can be done in the state.

The Secure and Easy Bag (SEZZAG) system is an Internet of Things concept. This system was developed to solve the problems faced by tourist in particular. Various issues arise when overly simple bag designs are manufactured and sold on the current market. Problems were analyzed in terms of consumer negligence risk, loss, and carelessness in handling the bags. The main objective of this system being developed is to ensure the safety of bags or luggage is guaranteed. This can be done by introducing wireless technology. The approach used to build this system is based on the Waterfall Model. The development of the SEZZAG system was developed through the Arduino platform, which uses the C and C++ programming languages. The interface section was created as a connection between the user and the device via the Android Studio platform. As for the database section, MySQL applications are used to store user and device information. The results of the study found that 66.7% of respondents were carrying two or three bags while travelling. In addition, as many as 10.3% of respondents have experienced incidents of losing bags when travelling. Furthermore, 84.1% of the respondents are carrying personal items in their bag. This means that there is a chance of bag loss. Therefore, effective measures should be developed to curb problems. In conclusion, this SEZZAG system ensures the safety of personal items such as bags or luggage.

Take2U is a platform that offers an on-demand multi-service and digital payment technology. The objectives of this platform are to creating and scaling up the positive socio-economic impact on the consumer, driver-partners and small-medium enterprise partners as well as service providers. This platform provides employment opportunities for young people and helps existing small-medium enterprise to sell their goods through the Take2U platform. Besides, Covid-19 issues make our economies very slow and the local business was very impressed with this current situation. So, This platform can be used for purchase goods from small-medium enterprise, courier service to send items and house cleaning service. Socio-economic refers to society related to economic factors. This platform helps increase the income of small-medium enterprise and supports local products. The Take2u platform has great potential and capability to promote a local product. In terms of commercialization, a small-medium enterprise like a vegetable seller can commercialize its products into this platform, where other consumers can buy local products and vegetable sellers can increase their sales by various factors.

Folklore is an integral aspect of cultural inheritance and Sabahan's need to keep their cultural heritage preserved. The beauty of Sabah's ethnic folklore is that they are part of an indigenous heritage that reflects their own cultural identity, which is passed down orally through centuries. But the younger generation increasingly forgets this heritage. The interactive games seek to safeguard cultural heritage that has been displaced in daily life. Hence, along with the interactive gaming environment, a dedicated effort to bring and promote them to young people. 'E’ Gadung' a game developed by Kimaragang to promote Kimaragang folklore was developed in an attempt to increase traditional culture. The 'E’ Gadung' concept began with the transcription of the oral tradition tale into gameplay mechanic and game character, while the scenario and objects imitate the Kimarang costume and culture via computer graphics software. 'E’ Gadung' was built in four main processes based on the iterative game model (Design, Implementing, playtest, and evaluate). The 'E’ Gadung' prototype was seen with fixed bugs and high interactions through a series of game tests. The 'E’ Gadung' prototype has great potential and the ability to connect ideas and motivate players to understand local Sabah folklore. Results, local learners feel more involved and interested in storytelling with the E'Gadung game app. Children are eager to continue exploring and motivating them to learn more about local folktales. The "E’ Gadung" provides tremendous experience, recognition, and artistic creation of a new perspective towards Sabah Folktales in the context of learning to increase the cultural knowledge of folktales among younger generations.

Pada abad ke-21 ini, kepentingan dan kelebihan menggunakan alat ICT dan perisian yang bersesuaian dapat menarik minat para pelajar pada zaman ini yang merupakan peribumi digital alat ICT dan perisian. Dengan menggabungkan beberapa aplikasi yang ada pada hari ini, paparan EZ Quran bukan sahaja menarik perhatian pelajar, malah guru dapat membuat penilaian serta mendapat maklum balas secara langsung semasa mengendalikan sesi PdPc. Pengamatan tentang pencapaian pelajar IKM Johor Bahru dalam penguasaan bacaan serta kefahaman Al-Quran yang lemah kerana kaedah pengajaran Al-Quran secara tradisional kurang sesuai menyebabkan pelajar mudah bosan dan hilang fokus ketika mempelajari serta mendalami ilmu Al-Quran.Guru juga mendapati bahawa pelajar jarang membaca Al-Quran kerana tidak mampu untuk membaca dengan betul dan lancar.Projek inovasi EZ Quran ini tercetus kerana ingin membantu pelajar dalam meningkatkan penguasaan bacaan Al-Quran. Perisian ini adalah gabungan beberapa elemen iaitu Powerpoint, Google Slide, Nearpod dan Google Site untuk menghasilkan persembahan PdPc yang lebih menarik dan interaktif. Menurut penelitian data kuantitatif yang dikumpulkan daripada ujian diagnostik dan ujian pascapengajaran, penggunaan EZ Quran dapat meningkatkan penguasaan bacaan Al-Quran di kalangan para pelajar. Rumusan ini juga disokong dengan dapatan daripada tinjauan yang dilakukan selepas pengajaran iaitu 81.25% pelajar sangat setuju dan 18.75% pelajar setuju dengan penyataan “ Saya lebih menguasai bacaan Al-Quran yang dijalankan dengan menggunakan EZ Quran”. Pelajar juga memberi maklum balas bahawa mereka dapat mengingati pelajaran yang diajar dengan lebih mudah dengan menggunakan EZ Quran berbanding sebelumnya.

Password, an ultimate shield to protect most of a human’s privacy in the digital world. However, people nowadays are too busy and may take security and privacy for granted, so most of them do not put enough effort into securing their personal matters especially their passwords. iLOCK is an Android based application that is developed to help users keep their passwords in a safer environment. Ionic, Visual Code Studio and selected algorithms - hashing, salting and encrypting have been used to build the application that ensure the system is at a high security level and prevent data breaches. The application can help secure the passwords of users for various accounts that they prefer.

In this era of covid-19 pandemic, there are only a few critical service sector that are allowed to operate, including the barber shops. Various standard operating procedures (SOPs) have been outlined by the Ministry of Health to curb the spread of Covid-19.  In order to reduce the spread of covid-19, it is important for everyone to continue physical distancing along with other to stay safe.  Therefore, the Haircut Booking System is introduced to help customers and barbers to operate with new physical distancing standard.  The main objective in this system is to develop a user-friendly online web application and customers can easily book slot for haircuts.    In addition, the system has security features that can protect customer information stored in the database.

Recent advances in mobile technologies and artificial intelligence suggest that the tourism industry dependency on Information Technology (IT) is inevitable. Of many technologies, the Augmented Reality is one of those features currently and widely used in virtual simulators. Augmented reality is an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects in the real world are augmented through computer-generated perceptual data. A virtual tour is a simulation of an actual venue that consists of videos or still images. This Virtual Tour Simulator is developed with exciting features where tourists or potential tourists can see a destination actual surroundings, just like in the real world. The instant virtual experience is a solution to the many problems faced by Free Independent Traveller (FIT) in navigating and manoeuvring their way in foreign countries. The ‘look around’ features in this virtual world enable the tourist to assess the itinerary and the destination as dictated in the tour package before buying the tour package. In addition to that, the Virtual Tour Simulator implementation is through mobile technology and plays applications, which makes it not just a smart tourism tool but convenient too.

In Sarawak, there are still using the old wooden boats to commute around the river. Therefore, they still keeping the uniqueness although it has been many years since we have modern boats. As a result, the Preservation of National Heritage has always been the government's greatest concern as it is our greatest pride. The importance of preserving and conserving national heritage is to ensure that the heritage would not be killed off and it would be a great loss if this traditional water transportation ‘perahu tambang' or motorized sampan that have been plying down the Sarawak river stopped or die down.  Hence, a mobile application with the augmented technology is designed and created which are compatible will all devices. Initially, this “Perauk Hop On” mobile application is a ride-hailing that offered water transportation with a digital payment service via a mobile application that allows users to oversee the water transportation services. However, in alignment with the needs in helping to preserve this national heritage; A mobile application with Augmented Reality Technology known as “Perauk Hop On” has been suggested to cater to the needs. This technology helps to deliver historical experiences simply by scanning the photo cards that are placed in the perahu tambang. Hence, originally the word Perauk came from the Malay word, Perahu. Therefore, the objective allows “Perauk Hop On” to be used for better travelling and make learning history more attractive and enjoyable. Clearly, the fact that smartphone usage is increasing pretty inevitable for our mobile application to be commercialized. Therefore, implementing such a purpose would attract more possibility of free promotion. Thus, it would also give more positive pictures towards the Sarawak tourism industry

Nowadays, people are tired of queing to pay for parking summons in result they collected the parking summon until it reached the big amount of summons. Therefore, parking coupons paper are not environmentally friendly. As a result, a lot of people throw used or reused parking coupons away which can occur rubbish in their car. Thus, a mobile application called E-coupon parking has been proposed in order to solve these problems. This concept are being adopted from the smart parking system used by the Penang authority   The objectives are to make it easier for people to pay for their parking fare when they park their vehicles in designated space. Besides, to provide a new platform for people to pay the parking fee through a mobile phone. Furthermore, this E-Parking Coupon is to provide an alternative ways for Sarawakian car user or motorcyclist to pay for parking using mobile devices at all car parks that accept coupons as well as guideline for a few services such as the nearest accommodation, facilities and food and beverage services. The specialty of this application is a user-friendly application that can reduce the time to buy the parking coupon at the shop. With the convenience of paying parking charge via mobile ewallet, it can generate into more environmentally friendly. Other than that, our application gives people experience further where they can easily extend their parking sessions anywhere by simply click on the notification. Furthermore, this application helps people to save their money on parking. They can get a refund when they end early and can keep the money for the next fare. Next, the target market of this application focuses on those who owned a car. To add on, this E - coupons are suitable for daily users also who park their car frequently at the Municipal parking area or City parking lot. Besides, our target market is towards local people such as they do not need to queue up for paying and the possible of losing parking card is low since they just use the application as an their alternative ways to pay. To ease the usage experiences, this application can also be used with any internet coverage as it comes with scanning code technology.

Kemurungan adalah salah satu penyakit mental yang sering dihidapi oleh rakyat Malaysia tidak kira sesiapa sahaja termasuklah pelajar universiti. Penyakit kemurungan ini dapat dikenalpasti dengan perubahan pada tingkah laku pelajar tersebut antaranya sentiasa sedih dan menangis, mudah tersinggung, tidak bermaya, stress dan sentiasa resah. Jika perkara ini menjadi lebih kritikal dan dibiarkan tanpa tindakan sewajarnya pelajar boleh bertindak untuk mencuba membunuh diri. Oleh kerana itu, satu sistem analisa mengesan tahap kemurungan telah dibangunkan untuk mengenalpasti tahap kemurungan seseorang pelajar tersebut dan memahami masalah kemurungan yang dihidapi dalam kalangan pelajar universiti. Sistem ini bertujuan untuk membantu pelajar mengenalpasti tahap kemurungan di peringkat awal lagi dan mengambil tindakan yang sewajarnya samada berjumpa dengan kaunselor atau pihak yang terlibat.  Selain dari itu, sistem yang dibangunkan ini mempunyai ciri-ciri keselamatan yang membantu melindungi data-data pelajar yang terlibat yang disimpan di dalam pangkalan data.

Plants were grown in hydroponic or fertigation systems usually use a stream of water supplied from containers containing nutritious water. This system uses enough nutrients for plant growth. This system uses a mixture of nutrients from acidic salts as well as alkaline salts. Finally, after mixing well, the pH of nutrients is close to the neutral value. Each of these groups of salts will produce a reading of the total dissolved solids (TDS) in conditions suitable for plant use. However, this salt mixture also sometimes produces heat that can increase the water temperature. Furthermore, farmers who use this system find it difficult to ensure that temperature, pH and even TDS readings are at optimum conditions at all times. If this reading is not optimal then plant growth will stunt and cause the plant to die. This causes farmers to constantly monitor each temperature, pH and TDS readings manually using rotating temperature, pH and TDS equipment. This inconsistent reading causes the nutrient content in the water of this plant is not in optimal condition and wastes farmers' time. Thus, intelligent monitoring and control systems of plant nutrition were developed using artificial intelligence. The system will read the temperature, pH and TDS readings simultaneously and analyze using artificial intelligence. Once the crop water reading is received by the system, the system will include alkaline salts and acidic salts simultaneously until the final reading is optimal for the crop. The water temperature is controlled by the fan in the water reservoir container. The fan will work if the detector reading is not optimal. The water flow will always flow after the reading is in optimum condition. In conclusion, this system successfully monitors and controls the water content of crops optimally and saves farmers time. Costs for the use of acidic and alkaline salts can also be saved. Besides, farmers can monitor the water content of these crops online. The system can be sold to farmers and centrally controlled by the server.

Financial can be one of the reasons for students to face stress during their study. They might have financial problems due to their family financial state, high cost of living while they are at the campus. Moreover, we do hear about some students are so poor but they do not want to initiate burden to their parents by asking money. So, a lot of students did their own business just to survive and find side income to support their living in campus. U-MP is an application that targets UiTM student to do their business as the app itself is a platform for everyone to access to their business whenever, wherever they are. This app can help on advertising and promoting their business so that the whole campus can contact them directly if they want to buy something. Both seller and buyer got benefits from the app. The buyer gets to find their desired product provided by UiTM students itself so that they can save their time and money to go outside just to find the product, meanwhile for the seller, they can easily get customers and orders right from the app and just deliver the product to exact place without having to walk around the college or printing advertisement and paste it at the notice board. They can just do their assignments while waiting for orders from customers so that their business and study can both be fine at the same track. Example of product and services that can be sell at the apps are books, foods, skincare, makeup, and also services such as printing services, haircut, students grab and also car rentals.

Floating Rubbish Trap Machine is a combination of a simple mechanical system driven by a battery-powered actuator. The main focus is to scoop up solid waste floating on the surface of the water through mechanical methods by special hooks mounted on a chain moving upwards so that solid waste can be transferred to the waste plastic bag at the rear section of the project. The idea to produce this project stems from observations of environmental problems that have become increasingly worrying in recent times such as pollution in drainage areas or clogged drainage problems due to solid waste blocking the flow of drain water. The design of this project takes into account the shape and width of the drain in residential and industrial areas so that it can be used on most drains. This project is quite light so it is easy to lift and handle. This project does not require complicated and expensive maintenance due to its simple design and minimal use of components. The production of this project can contribute to drain cleaning efforts and prevent odour pollution due to clogged drains. This project has the potential to be commercialized with slight modifications by targeting cleaning service companies and also citizen as the consumers.

This paper present a simulation model for end milling process. Ever since the beginning of industrial era, it has been well-known that machining processes have been at the central of the manufacturing sector. End milling is among the most extensively used in metal removal processes. This is because of its proficiency to provide a faster rate of metal removal and a strong surface finish. Productivity machining with good design and specifications along with process efficiency and product quality has led to the value of surface milling. The development of the simulation model aims to study the influence of varies of spindle speed on surface formation during end milling process through simulation model. The model is developed through simulation by using MATLAB algorithm programmer software and the result is verified through experimental process. The spindle speed set for the simulation model as well is 1000rpm, 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm, 3000rpm, 3500rpm, and 4000rpm. As for other process parameters which is cutting velocity and depth of is left constant. This method is expected to provide theoretical guidance in choosing reasonable process variables during machining.

A two-wheeled self-balancing robot, named as I-Balance Mobile Robot is designed based on an inverted pendulum system, which is the dynamically system stable but not for steadily system. Therefore, the aim of designing this robot is to develop the controller for balancing and navigation using IMU sensor. The IMU sensor is a combination of accelerometer and gyroscope that used for measurement the tilt angle of the robot. The PID controller will be applied to correct the error between the desired set point and the actual tilt angle and it can adjust the dc motor speed accordingly to balance the robot. The result will be obtained from the PID controller which is able to balance the robot acceptably but with some limitations. The PID controller will be implemented into microcontroller using Arduino Uno. The movement of I-Balance Mobile Robot can be controlled by Android-GUI smartphone via Bluetooth connection. The uniqueness of this robot, it is a small and light weight robot, so everyone can handle this robot without any disturbance. This robot also can be implemented with others purpose such as cleaning robot, vacuum robot. It can be used in small or narrow space like under a sofa, under a bed. In addition, it also can introduce the subject robotic to the primary and secondary students by using I-Balance Mobile robot.

Martial art practitioner must master the punch technique and confirm its effectiveness, therefore a user-friendly instrument to measure the punch force is required. The objective of this study is to develop a reliable instrument that can be used to compare punch force generated by two types of punch (straight punch and tilt punch). The instrument was developed using a force sensor and a microcontroller which is implemented in a MMA glove. The instrument works well and the reliability test shows the instrument measure the force accurately. The experimental results also reported that straight punch force produced more force than tilt punch force

Susu ibu merupakan makanan dan minuman berkhasiat untuk bayi terutamanya sejak lahir hingga berusia enam bulan. Kaedah penyimpanan susu ibu adalah menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam mengekalkan khasiatnya. Susu ibu perlu berada dalam suhu yang sejuk untuk memanjangkan tempoh hayat susu. Namun begitu, permasalahan penyimpanan susu perahan ibu sering menjadi isu utama bagi ibu-ibu yang berkerjaya. Antara masalah yang sering berlaku ialah tempat penyimpanan susu ibu yang sedia ada hanya bergantung pada pek ais beku sahaja yang boleh menjejaskan tempoh hayat susu tersebut. Oleh itu, projek Peti Penyimpanan Susu Ibu ini ditambah baik dengan menggunakan teknologi peltier, heat sink dan kipas sebagai agen penyejuk untuk memudahkan kaum ibu menyimpan susu perahan mereka semasa mereka sedang berkerja. Produk inovasi ini dapat menyimpan susu perahan dalam tempoh yang lebih lama dan dapat mengekalkan khasiat susu. Projek ini dapat memberi manfaat kepada para ibu yang bekerjaya terutamanya di Kolej Vokasional Batu Pahat.

Ladders (step, straight, combination and extension) comprises a vertical or inclined set of rungs or steps. They are essential in the everyday activities of workers, particularly across the construction industry. Using a ladder can seem simple, but it is easy to overlook the serious risks. Working on a ladder, it is about a juggling act of being productive and safe. In a large project such as painting or electrical works, it is often required for moving the ladder as work progresses. To move the ladder, the worker or contractor needs to climb down, fold up the ladder, carry it to a few meters area, set it back up correctly, and climb up the steps to start again. This constant moving, climbing, and standing on ladder steps can easily fatigue a worker, which also increases the risk for falls. Therefore, it is desirable to eliminate daunting climbs and provide an improved ladder which allows the workers or contractors to relocate without the hassles of disassembly and reassembly. The present invention discloses a walkable ladder. The walkable ladder comprises a first step frame, comprising a first set of casters, resting on a floor, a second step frame, comprising a second set of casters , a rotatable actuator angularly resting on a stop step of the second step frame in a first position comprising a planar member having a perimeter defined by a first opposed side, a second opposed side, a first opposed end and a second opposed end, a pair of engaging arms having a distal end coupled to the first step frame  and a proximal end pivotably coupled to the rotatable actuator  on a rotating or tilting axis, a pair of legs comprising a floor-contacting end freely suspended from the rotatable actuator , and a vamp  for engaging a foot of a ladder operator. The rotatable actuator ,upon receiving a force at the vamp by the foot thereof, rotates or tilts along the said rotating or tilting axis between the first position and a second position to release and regain the floor-contacting end which frictionizes the floor to induce simultaneous movement of the first set of casters  and the second set of casters along the said floor. It would therefore be advantageous to provide a solution that would overcome the deficiencies of prior art by providing an improved ladder that is walkable by virtue of rotatable or tiltable mechanical parts. Although there are assemblies for the same in the prior art, for many practical purposes, there is still considerable room for improvement.

Aluminum (Al) based metal matrix composites (MMCs) have excellent potential because of their low density, their ability to be reinforced by precipitation, their strong corrosion resistance, high coefficient of thermal expansion which made Al-MMCs alloys very attractive. The higher strength ductility variations of the composite are widely used in transportation applications. The enhancement of the composite properties can be modified by refining the grain size of the alloy, which plays a critical role in enhancing the aluminium-silicon (Al-Si) alloy's features and characteristics. The processing of aluminium-silicon-diboride (Al-Si-TiB₂) composite alloys reinforced with strontium (Sr) were conducted out in this study. 0.5 and 1.0 wt. % of Sr contents were applied to an Al-Si-TiB₂ alloy in various formulations. The composite alloys were melted at 780 ℃ in induction furnace. Then, the composite alloys have been characterized on the mechanical properties and microstructure. Ultimate Instron Tensile (UTS) machine and Vickers hardness tester were used to characterize the tensile and hardness properties. Microstructure observation  and phase distribution of composite alloys were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). From the results obtained, the addition of Sr into Al-Si-TiB₂ improved the tensile strength and hardness. Al-Si-TiB₂ with 1.0 wt.% Sr gave the highest tensile and hardness values, which were 399.4 MPa and 96.3 Hv.  An increase of 8.61 MPa in tensile strength can be seen between in Al-Si-TiB₂-0.5 wt.% Sr and Al-Si-TiB₂-1.0 wt.% Sr respectively. Also, to be compared, Al-Si-TiB₂-1.0 wt.% Sr produced a significant increase of hardness value than Al-Si-TiB₂-0.5 wt.% Sr. Morphological formed demonstrates that the occurrence of uniform reinforcement structure that appears to be fine and correlated with a clear metal matrix interface. Morphologies shown the alloy particles display as coarse needle-like particles and the structure of the particles of such flakes. XRD proved only Al, Si, TiB₂ and Sr elements exist and no other element was detected. During the synthesis of Al-Si-TiB₂-Sr, it is important to monitor Al₃Ti phase formation not exit in order to achieve good mechanical properties. The obtained results showed that the casting technique effectively produced Al-Si-TiB₂ composite representing different concentrations of the Sr and the particles were uniformly distributed in the composite matrix. It can concluded that the mechanical properties related much on the microstructure as it can be seen that the addition of grain refiners produced much higher value of mechanical properties.

Electroplating is the process whereby one metal is positioned by hydrolysis, typically for decorative purposes or to avoid corrosion of the metal. Copper plating, silver plating and chromium plating are the example of specific electroplating types. In the industry, a large volume of metal use electroplating process due to its advantages.  In order to boost the productivity, electroplating rack or rack plating are used to increase the efficiency of electroplating process. Rack plating is a system which is used to platform fragile, large and complex parts that are hard to platform by other methods. The components are attached to a mounting or jig called a rack and submerged in a bath of plate solution. Metal hooks are used to provide the requisite electrical contact when keeping the parts on the rack. The uniform distribution of thickness is accomplished since the rack can accommodate different parts that are plated simultaneously. However, the current rack of electroplating only has one primary function. Thus, multipurpose racking is essential in order to increase productivity in the industry. Therefore, the aim of the study is to design a new rack that can cater for all types of metal components ranging from screws, bolts, nuts, pins, clips, rivets, washer and others. This designing work involve SolidWorks software to sketch this project and undergo some quality test using SolidWorks Simulation. Multipurpose rack will able to place variation of metal size, can be a trolley and have lamp for quality inspection.

Vehicle accidents have been one of the most popular study in the recent years. This research aligns with the aggressive increasing in number of vehicles manufactured. Vehicle accident mostly caused by loss of control, drunken driving, rushing and technical error of the vehicle. To prevent the accidents from happen due to those factors, one of the common ways must be applied. This idea is designed to apply initial brake earlier in case of less human attention by sensing obstacle in the given path and helps to avoid major damage. This model assembled ultrasonic sensor to detect barrier in front and send the signal to integrated processor with Arduino IDE coding. One generated signal will trigger initial mechanical braking force to the rotating wheels. It will benefit driver in the sense of applying the small mechanical braking first before the driver actual realize to brake or slow the vehicle.

The production of artificial plant seeds (Wonder Seeds) is a new alternative for conventional plant propagation. In this project, ‘Wonder Seeds’ for some selected economical edible food crops have been established successfully such as from Carica papaya L. (papaya) Averrhoa carambola (star fruit) and Punica granatum L. (pomegranate). Due to the changes in the climate change and our ecosystem, nowadays, plants with seeds also encounter difficulties to be germinated conventionally. The production of artificial seeds has many benefits. One of it is to overcome propagation problems for plants that do not produce seeds, have very limited seeds and plants with seeds dormancy problems. To produce ‘Wonder Seeds’, micro shoots were encapsulated through plant tissue culture techniques. The encapsulated propagules have the ability to germinate in vitro as well as in normal environment. Meanwhile, the encapsulation matrix was formulated from sodium alginate and nutrients that are needed by plants. ‘Wonder Seeds’ have advantages in many aspects. It has the potential to be stored in long period and germinated whenever needed with its viability and quality is preserved. It is also unique whereby it can be produced in large quantity from small piece of plant tissue. Besides it is very useful in producing mass number of plants that do not produce seed naturally or with expensive seeds. ‘Wonder Seeds’ could maintain elite plant characteristics. The production of ‘Wonder Seeds’ helps in increasing plant propagation and at the same time enhances the development of agriculture industry and food security especially in Malaysia.

Consumers keen to use deodorants full of junk and toxic ingredients on their body due to lack of choices in the market. From artificial fragrance to parabens, these deodorants can be harmful to consumer’s health. As a solution, researchers have created Antiviral Deodorant Spray that is healthier, reduces odor, provides freshness all day long and friendly to your body. This deodorant will be an inevitable safeguard for you during this pandemic. It will keep you fresh, dry, safe and confident throughout the day. This are the ingredients that researchers used to make this antiviral deodorant spray. Researchers  used water, baking soda, sea salt, turmeric powder, neem leaves, basil leaves, justicia adhatoda and fennel. Lemon peel are used as fragrance. This deodorant is skin and environment friendly and its smell relieves tension also. "The Antiviral” deodorant can be used on the body and on the clothes. It contains antiviral components that help in fighting this Covid 19 pandamic. Researchers used basil leave extract, justicia adhatoda extract, neem extract and fenel extract. Many research proves that this components act as good antiviral. Finally, a safe and natural Antiviral Deodorant Spray that works anywhere on consumer’s body is ready to use and commercialized.

The ‘Little Solar Explorer’ is an interactive learning tool that created for primary school students to enhance their understanding and master in Solar System title. With this tool, students can recognize the names of members in the Solar System, remember the order of the planets and know the comparison of the time of the orbit of the planets orbiting the Sun. Through these tool, students will be actively involved and enjoy learning topic of the Solar System. At the same time, in this interactive learning have four type of game based learning to encourage students learn this topic effectively and master in this topic.

Paper sheets from recycled papers are made by collecting various types of used papers from the household. The papermaking went through five stages: i) soaking, ii) blending, iii) screening, iv) value-adding, and finally v) drying. These five stages were performed at home and can be carried out using household items, such as food blender, flour sifter, and clothes iron. It is economical. Various paper’s characteristics achieved using various types of different materials and value-added elements. The plants used in the value-adding stage provide scents, colours, and textures to the papers. The advantages of undertaking this activity at home are; i) inculcating the habit of recycling from younger age, ii) educating children in science experiments, iii) reduce household waste through simple upcycling. 

Jejari dari & daripada merupakan formula tatabahasa kata sendi nama untuk Bahasa Melayu. Bahan ini dicipta untuk menyelesaikan masalah bagi aspek tatabahasa dalam kalangan rakan kami. Kebanyakan rakan kami masih lagi keliru dalam aspek kata sendi nama tentang penggunaan dari dan daripada. Inovasi ini dihasilkan melalui penggunaan barang yang terpakai. Antaranya, papan daripada meja digunakan untuk membuat modul jejari manakala kotak-kotak terpakai digunakan untuk membuat tapak permianan "MAT Bos". Inovasi JDD ini dapat menyelesaikan masalah rakan-rakan dalam aspek tatabahasa kata sendi nama. Mereka dapat memahami dengan mudah berpandukan formula yang diberikan iaitu "MAT BOS". "MAT" untuk penggunaan dari dan "BOS" untuk penggunaan daripada.

Neemon Air Purifier

It is well-known fact that the world is getting hotter. Thermometer readings around the globe have been ascending since the Industrial Revolution. Hence, the aim of this experiment is to make a homemade air conditioner. By conducting this experiment, we are able to invent a portable homemade air condtioner using need ice cubes to emit cool and also anti-bacterial air. As the current situation keeps raising serious health concerns due to this happening pandemic, we are hoping that this is the very first precautionery step, where an anti-bacterial (Neem leaves, Holy Basil) air cooler has become a virtue in our lives to fight both pandemic and extreme weather issues more effectively. Plus, it comes handy anywhere anytime and recyclable as well.

Global energy demand tends to grow faster than world population, leading to a rise in the total amount of electricity generated. We inspire to come up with a solution to solve this problem by conducting an experiment to prove that it is possible to produce electricity by using natural substance which are acidic in natural using them as an alternative battery. These natural resource as an alternative battery will be a better choice not only for our pockets but also for our mother nature. In this project using easily available natural items such as lemon and lime to create natural electrical energy which can move a toy car. Thus, introducing this invention can also make our country less dependent on electric source from non-renewable energy.

Nowadays due to environmental pollution maintaining a healthy skin has become a big challenge for both women and men. Most of them are affected by dry skin, oily skin and acne due to the pollutants in the air such as smoke , chemical and poor skin  care . In our Invention , we have produced a facial mask named 'AVORANGE FACIAL MASK ' .Basically , this mask is made up from avocadoseed , orangepeel and gelatin. The combination of trio can help skin to glow and blemish. This, mask comes in powdered form where one only need to add a little water and mix thoroughly . Later, the mask need to be applied on face and wash after 10 minutes.

The energy crisis and the severe weather are two of the biggest problem facing us today.  Precipitation contains potential energy and wind has kinetic energy. A piezoelectric roof was innovated that had a potential to be widely implemented to harvest and store weather energy.  Rain and wind Harvester turning rain into electricity. It is roof-mounted system based on piezoelectric technology. Piezoelectric sensor will convert mechanical energy of rain into electric energy.

3E - Emergency Elevator Extension innovation aims to solve the challenges that usually happen to Elevator users at the residential building (Condo, Apartment) and high rise building. The challenge is, the elevator can trigger various types of system failure or malfunction during its operation. The elevator could stop in between any floor without producing an alarm for elevator users. During this situation, the elevator users need to rescue immediately. The elevator can stop at any point of time and level. Often time the users will trap inside the elevator unattended, and there will be a situation that the users saved after a few minutes or hours. The situation can cause major chaos or trauma for users. The 3E- Emergency Elevator Extension can become an immediate solution to rescue the users immediately. The 3E system will function automatically during an emergency and send a signal to the operator's control room to standby. This elevator is functioning on two independent systems operates on the different power system.

Therefore, an initiative is an innovation created to help users take a ride on the elevator without fear. The solution is 3E Emergency Elevator Extension. 3E is a system that consists of 1 primary RESCUE CAR, which will travel close to the leading car during the elevator's failure or malfunction. This primary "RESCUE CAR" can be travel to all existing elevators. The existing leading elevator has an emergency exit door, which is the only exit point for the users during an emergency. The Elevator Control System will trigger a call to a primary "RESCUE CAR" to detect the failure existing car position. Upon the primary "RESCUE CAR" reached the designated location, the leadings car's exit door will only open so that the users can transfer to RESCUE CAR. The user cannot open an emergency door at any point of standard operation time as this is a safety feature fitted on this car. It has a double layer door. The primary RESCUE CAR will fetch the users, travel to the ground floor, and dispatch. The design of a primary RESCUE CAR can be used for 2,4,6 or beyond the elevator CAR system numbers. The elevator system only needs only one primary RESCUE CAR, which has its support system with a sensing unit, indicator unit, and controller unit. The overall 3E system design relies on the number of elevators available in any building. 

This system is widely can be applied to save people's life from trauma and any other unknown threat to users during rides on the elevators. 

IoT (Internet of Things) has four primary benefits: enhancing efficiency, minimizing costs, creating new and innovative products differentiation, and creating a whole new engine of revenue growth. Furthermore, the education industry and sector face a tremendously positive and negative challenge, local and international. We can close the gap by establishing the LIBRARY THEME PARK in Malaysia first, which will adopt IoT and Artificial Intelligence which gives beyond user experience for learners and users. The art of science and technology LIBRARY THEME PARK (tomorrow's knowledge innovation) looking at the broad perspective of contents available in this park. In this library, IoT can be of prime assistance to enhance the user experience at every corner. Artificial Intelligence will provide a whole new atmosphere and experience by having Extended Reality (XR) innovation gives the additional mile of a noticeable part in different businesses and segments, giving clear benefits in numerous work and commerce viewpoints, counting preparing, collaborative working and promoting. In the learning and education field, XR bridges a whole new experience between teachers and learners, empowering closer collaboration when individuals go to the library to see the world knowledge. LIBRARY THEME PARK (LTP) adapting AR, VR, MR, XR and 3600. LTP focuses on providing world knowledge and industry experience environment with IoT and AI adapting AR, VR, MR, XR and 3600. The LTP is the place to attract more students from an early age to adult to cultivate them to explore various knowledge and experience available here. LTP fill with a VIRTUAL segment for Learners, Educators. Researcher and Team with coverage of many sectors and industry: Game, Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Automotive, Transportation, Manufacturing, Film, Animation, Cinema, Education, Medical Aerospace, Research and Development. The visitors will have whole new real-time solutions and endless opportunities. IoT, AI, AR, VR, MR, XR and 3600 are trend words for the modern world that are currently rapidly rising in various applications for many industries, including the tourism industry. LTP would be another attraction for the tourism industry which attempted to draw more visitors for leisure and develop their cognition state with an emotional experience. The Library Theme Park will be a new tourism attraction in Central Malaysia as this the concept that the writer is working on it and the feasibility vision. LTP is propose as an initiative, an education innovation applying IoT and AI adapting AR, VR, MR, XR and 3600 to give beyond user experience. The prime objectives are to attract Malaysia's next generation and enhance their knowledge and stimulate visitors' experience to receive tremendous knowledge about broad knowledge through exciting atmosphere and environment. The visitors will experience gaining simulation experience by stimulating many senses: vision, hearing and touch. Thus, visitors will experience a greater understanding of the various industry and world knowledge. LTP will provide adventurous knowledge experience using AR, VR, MR, XR and 3600 as the primary tools. All the activities design are base on a local and international perspective, ready to provide a comprehensive solution for visitors. The unique of this theme park, LTP is an indoor base park with a wide range of activities type allow visitors to enjoy the whole day to explore it within 24 hours. LTP aims to promote and cultivate a Nobel Knowledge Nation by creating an engaging environment for visitors locally and encouraging foreigners to have a fun time here in Malaysia during their short visit while providing a wide range of knowledge. Simultaneously, the opportunities for local and international investors to invest in LTP are more significant. They can create a bridge for contents developer to provide all the educational resources which will be available in Malaysia. LTP can become a one-stop education resources hub through the virtual and physical environment. This LTP chooses to be established in Malaysia's Central Region to be close to a major airport for international visitors to have greater accessibility to LTP. This initiative can attract more tourists and contribute to local people's economy in job opportunities and technology skills development. LTP will be established as the first unique landmark in Malaysia with an education base park and the first in the world, which will create a treasure for the next generation to develop their sustainable knowledge. The learners will also experience the library with STREEAMD Mind ™ based learning platform, which covers SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, RESEARCH & READING, ENGINEERING, ENTREPRENEUR, ART, DESIGN discipline. LTP is created to align with SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALs. 1The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030. LTP will benefit humankind in giving equal education and a holistic learning environment for everyone. The writer's vision is to make LIBRARY THEME PARK establish in four-zone: northern, southern, central, east, and Borneo zone and provide space for global to access the world knowledge.

NIKU Foot Measuring Device is a tool specially designed to help customers or shoe enthusiasts to own their favorite shoes either from within the country or abroad without having to worry about the inaccuracy of their actual foot size. Presently consumers had problems on looking for their right sizes of shoes that cause time  constraint and patience. Therefore,  we created this NIKU Measuring Device  a unique device to helps the people especially to solve problem the  miss match between foot n shoes sizes  and saves time to get the sizes of their shoes accurately. Using the Foot Measuring Device, the accuracy of a person's foot measurement can be taken precisely in JAPAN, UK and EURO measurements simultaneously less then 3 second. The use of 6 Sonar sensors will detect the overall size of a person's footprint when placed on a Foot Measuring Device. The signal detected by the sonar sensor will be displayed on the LED display which is used to allow the customer to get a foot size measurement reading to determine the shoe size that fits their foot whether in JAPAN, UK and EURO measurements. In addition, the worries on inaccurate shoe size can be avoided as the NIKU Foot Measuring Device will give an accurate size measurement of 99.9%.NIKU is developed based on the experience of many customers to overcome the problems often faced by someone who wants to buy shoes of various sizes whether the size of Japan, UK and also EURO more accurately, easily and save time without having to worry about size inaccuracies. The use of Foot Measuring Device is more efficient in terms of improving the accuracy of shoe size in various sizes whether in Japan, UK and EURO sizes simultaneously more accurately. It is also lighter and very easy to operate in a short period of time and can save costs. The costs to build Niku Foot Measuring Device around RM200.  Currently, the shops are using manual foot measurement and the appliances are not portable. This device is totally can upgrade the current practice to be more practical and easy for all. The sale assistant and customers will be easy to get suitable shoes without taking and trying various sizes of the shoes. As a result, there is no time consuming. Furthermore, the readings from the device can be recorded to use in future.

Bazooka Plant 2.0 is a tool specially designed to help small farmers who cultivate chili, especially to increase the number of chili seedlings in a short period of time and does not require a lot of labor. In addition, the use of Bazooka Plant 2.0  is very simple and does not require complex handling. It is also environmentally friendly and suitable for sustainable living. Bazooka Plant 2.0 was chosen as an innovation to overcome the problems faced by small farmers to produce more chili seedlings in a shorter period of time as well as save labor and costs. Most of them cultivate chili seedlings by hand or by using a shovel to dig holes before chili planting can be done. This situation causes the amount of crops that can be planted by a worker is very small and requires a large amount of energy. In addition, a large number of workers is needed to enable more chili seedlings to be planted. The use of Bazooka Plant 2.0  has been tested where it can help a farmer to plant around 850 trees at a time compared to before where the farmers can only plant 50 to 80 trees at a time. The cost of producing Bazooka is only RM68 because the main material is used material which is iron and eco-freindly.

Smart White Board Cleaning system is an assistance model to facilitate the deletion of writing on the White board. This Model is developed to overcome problems that occur during the cleaning of the white board in pupils especially students who are studying in kindergarten, pre-school and disable students (OKU) in primary schools. These children usually have a very limited height and ability that causes them to be difficult to erase the white board well and safely. Nowadays, there are still many students who delete the white board in an unsafe manner and can make an accident and unexpected injury. They still use conservative ways that have been jumping when erasing relatively high writings, rising on a chair and even a table. This can be an inviting risk that is very scary if the small student or disable student (OKU) is falling, the effect can cause serious accidents and injuries. Therefore, the Smart White board Cleaning was developed to help overcome the problems faced by these young children to enable them to perform the job of deleting these White board faster, convenient and very secure. The materials used in the construction of Smart White Board Cleaning are used materials as well as electric motto and also using hardware and Microcontroller program software. The operation is easy by simple button to move up, down and also automatic button. The cost used is also very low at RM200 only.

Commercial soap and body loofah products are filled with multiple harmful chemicals that can have a negative effect on our skin, health and environment also with repeated use. Hence, the innovation aim is to produce 2 in 1 soap from herbals such as aloe vera, turmeric and neem by adding vetiver as natural loofah without polluting the environment. Soap base was melted and added with aloe vera, turmeric and neem. It was poured in soap mold which consist of vetiver shaped balls. It was then let for complete cooling. It is perfect for all types of skins. 2 in 1 Herbal Soap kind to planet as it is made of natural sources and it is biodegradable. In a way it reduces plastic pollution. Our 2 in 1 Herbal Soap has high commercial value as it has high healing and preventing characteristics. Hence, it will be liked by public. There was no cost for herbals as we got it naturally. Soap base that we used causes RM15 per kg. 20 soaps were made from 1kg soap base. The production expenses including man power was calculated. Hence, 1 soap causes RM0.95. We can sell our product for RM2.50. Profit will be RM1.55 for 1 soap. If produced in larger scale, the cost would be even lower.

Candles are made of mainly paraffin which can threaten the environment as it is from chemical raw material. It causes many health defects to mankind too. Hence, our innovation aim is to produce aroma bamboo candle by adding various citrus peels without polluting the environment. Beeswax was melted added with crushed citrus peel. Then it was poured into bamboo hole. Wick was placed in it. It was let to dry. Our aroma bamboo candle gives out nice smell when it lights up. Our product is kind to planet as it is made of waste and natural sources and it is biodegradable. Waste materials been reused and usage of paraffin was replaced. Our Aroma Bamboo Candle has high commercial value as it is made of waste materials. There is no cost for citrus peels and bamboo since it obtain for free. The production expenses including beeswax, wick and man power was calculated and the cost is RM0.50. If produced in a larger scale, the cost would be even lower. The selling price will be RM1.50 where the profit margin will be RM1.00. With sustainable supply of raw material with enough manpower, the product can be easily commercialized and manufactured in large scale.

Commercial water colours that used for paintings are made of synthetic materials which harms the health of user with repeated use in future. On the other hand, students from low wage group could not afford to buy commercial water colour due to high cost. Hence, our innovation aim is to produce Colours of Nature from organic resources such as purple cabbage, beetroot and turmeric. The colours were obtained by blending the organic resources separately and extracting the purple, marron and yellow colours. Our product is kind to planet and can be done by everyone due to easier steps. Our Colours of Nature product has high commercial value as it is made of organic resources. There were no cost on the natural resources as it was obtained for free from garden. The production expenses including man power was calculated. Hence, the production cost of 1 colour will be RM0.20. We can sell our product for RM2.00. Profit will be RM1.80. If produced in larger scale, the cost would be even lower.

Artificial flowers made of polyester fabric contain harmful chemicals which effects the balance of the ecosystem, causes health problem and pollutes the environment. Hence, innovation aim is to produce decorative flowers from corn husk without polluting the environment. Corn husk was used in order to utilize food waste. Corn husk was added with natural colouring and dried for a day. Dried corn husk straighten using hair straightener. Then, it was cut into petal shape of flowers. Corn husk flowers are kind to planet as it is biodegradable. This reduces plastic pollution and food waste. Our Corn Husk Flower has high commercial value as large amount of food waste been disposed daily. Hence, it can be utilized in useful way that is by converting into handmade flowers. There were no cost on the raw materials since we used food waste. The production expenses including of man power was calculated and the cost is about RM30 cents/flower. If produced in a larger scale, the cost would be even lower. We can sell the flower for RM1.50 per stick. Hence, our profit will be RM1.20.

Normal plastic pot could not hold water for longer period of time. There are high chances for the plants to die if we are away for 1 or 2 weeks. Hence, our innovation aim is to produce hydro plant pot by modifying the existing plastic plant pot. The plant pot wrapped with sponge and covered by white cement to make it stronger and hold the sponge. The pot can be decorated as our wish to enhance the look. Our hydro plant pot can hold the water for 1-2 weeks. This keeps the plants fresh even we are away. In a way it reduces burden of all the plant lovers as it makes easier for them to take care their plant. Our Hydro Plant Pot has high commercial value as it hold plant and waters the plant automatically. The cost of small pot is RM0.40. Sponge cost RM0.20. Hence, total production cost including manpower and white cement is RM0.80. It can be sell for RM2.50 where profit margin will be RM1.70. If produced in a larger scale, the cost would be even lower. It will be a great product for garden lovers.

Safety and quality of workplace, (mainly in a factory) is important to obtain a progressive and high productivity production line. Safety of the factory must be guaranteed to prevent accidents and casualties. This can ensure smooth production and progress. The quality of a workplace is important to ensure the productivity of both machines and human workers, such as suitable temperature, air humidity and good air quality. Health of workers can also be guaranteed as there is good environment of workplace. According to our research, air quality between 1000-2000ppm is considered unhealthy and ppm of more than or equal to 5000ppm is considered hazardous. So, automatic air quality monitor and air cleansing system is needed. The humidity and temperature of factory is an important element that affect the performance of machines and human. Humidity that exceed certain level can cause corrosion of metal in machines. Temperature should also be at a suitable level to prevent overheat and accidents of machines. As an example, the temperature and humidity of an electrical assembly section should be between 20 to 25 degree Celsius and humidity of 45% to 60%. Temperature and humidity can also affect the health and performance of workers. High temperature and humidity can cause diseases and create a poor working environment such as growth of bacteria. Fire and smoke detection at factories is also fundamental as fire accident frequently happens in factory. It is important for the safety of workers and lowers loss of property. Automatic fire extinguisher and smoke sucker is important to face fire accidents.

Ecopod is an innovative and eco-friendly product specially invented as a replacement to the liquid hand soap contained in plastic pump bottle. Plastics are a major pollutant to Mother Earth. Our product, Ecopod is a small pod in which the hand soap is packed inside. Thus, the users are able to clean their hands without worrying about the adverse effects of our product to Mother Nature as the packaging of our product is completely soluble in water and biodegradable. In other words, there is no ecological harm done to our environment. Aside from that, by using our product, the users’ safety is guaranteed since they do not have to touch or press nor go near the soap dispenser, thus minimising the transmission of bacteria and viruses. Lastly, our product is portable and lighter compared to the other hand soap dispensers in the market.

A car with an electric generator on the wheels that generate electricity while the wheels are moving. The world is facing severe air pollution and depletion of non-renewable sources majorly caused by transportation. Vehicles release carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and soot which pollute the air. It also causes depletion of non-renewable sources since gasoline and diesel are required as the source of energy. Our main objective is to reduce air pollution. As the car only move by using electricity as the source of energy, no fuel will be burnt and no toxic gases will be released to the atmosphere. Besides, our design can also function without using non-renewable energy sources since petrol is not used in our design as the fuel. Therefore, the usage of the petrol will decrease and the depletion of petrol will be reduced. Furthermore, as the battery of the car is charged by the electric generator, it does not have to be charged manually. This innovation will improve the quality of life of human because our environment will be cleaner. Since it does not involve the usage of petrol and electricity so the cost for energy source will be eliminated. Hence, this design has great potential and capability to be promoted as a new choice of vehicle.

Dried corn cobs are an eco-friendly protecting agent for shipment goods. For decades, shipping and packaging materials, such as foam peanuts have been used in the shipping industry to protect shipment goods. These shipment goods, however have brought significant harm to the environment over the years, especially when disposed of through burning methods. In our research we will prove that dried corn cobs can be a natural protecting agent that can effectively protect fragile shipment goods. Corn cobs are biomasses which are rich in cellulose content. The combination of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, holded together by hydrogen bonds are capable of conferring high tensile strength to the fibres within the corn cob hence granting it high durability. This quality proves that corn cob synthesised packaging materials can withstand external forces that may damage the shipped goods. Using dried corn cobs, we tested the hypothesis that dried corn cobs can protect shipment goods just as well as other protecting agents. Our experiment consisted of 5 setups, whereby all boxes were prepared with a glass cup inside each box. The first box only contains a glass cup without anything protecting it as a control set. The glass cup in the second box was wrapped by foam packing peanuts, whereas the third, fourth and fifth boxes were surrounded with dried corn cobs with measurement of 40mm,30mm and 20mm respectively. Then, we dropped all boxes from the second, third and fourth floor. The conditions of the glass cups were then checked. The glass in the control set broke on all heights, whereas the glass protected by packing peanuts broke when dropped from the fourth floor. Glasses protected by corn cobs all survived the fall, even from the fourth floor. It was proven that dried corn cobs are an eco-friendly and a very effective alternative to packing peanuts, a perfect solution to pollution and reduces waste output.

BLACK MAGIC (that is made from charcoal) is an invention to address the problem of odour pollution to the society. It can absorbs all the bad and unpleasant odours that is contain in our surrounding areas. Odours in the environment can come from many sources, including human activities, animals, vehicles, and industrial activities. Also, this invention will not harm anyone as it is organic. They are made out of hardwood or they can sometimes substitute it to any dense and fibrous plant material. OBJECTIVE: To absorb odours. METHODOLOGY: Place several pieces of charcoal in the container or create several sachets filled with the charcoal. RESULTS: The unwanted odours will be dissipate. CONCLUSION: Black magic acts as a vacuum sucks up dust, the charcoal filters ‘suck’ odours from the air that passes through. The odours then become attached to the carbon pores and traps inside the filter, just like the dust in the vacuum cleaner bag.

Workshop practices is a work involving the use of hand tools and machine in the process of manufacturing work. In this video, emphasis will be on the joining and cutting work. Joining involves binding, riveting, welding and soldering. However, cutting method involves distribution and fragmentation with hand tools and machines. This joint is especially adapted for use on joining built of square material. Indirectly the problems faced by users can be resolved completely with the use of Inexpensive Joint (I Joint).

WHEE is a smart wheelchair made by carbon fibre which is lightweight, foldable, portable, fully adjustable, comfort and flexible. Carbon fibre is also a material which has high tensile strength and high stiffness. Nowadays, wheelchair had played an important role in transporting the elderly who have difficulty to walk. However, many people are lack of time to take care of the elderly. Therefore, we had an idea to create WHEE that can let the elderly have the ability to travel on wheelchair by themselves. There is GPS system on WHEE, which help the elderly to track routes to their destination. Besides, the GPS system may also prevent them from losing their way to get back home. Family members are able to know the location of the elderly by tracking on WHEE. On the other hand, WHEE contain a special function which the chair is with massage therapy. In that case, the elderly are able to enjoy massage while travelling and boost their blood circulation to be healthier. Rechargeable batteries are used to avoid wastage. Once charging can last for 3 days. In addition, WHEE can be folded into smaller size, similar with the size of a bag which is easier to be kept and occupies lesser space. Consequently, users will be easier to keep WHEE in the car. Moreover, WHEE can be also folded into a cart. This design is fantastic and practical. Family members or aged care workers can fold WHEE into a cart when bringing the elderly to markets. This will avoid them to be panic whenever they doesn't want to use wheelchairs. Apart from that, WHEE can help the elderly more easier when going up and down stairs. There are stair climbing wheels kept under the seat. The wheels can be changed by pressing the buttons provided. Many of wheelchair users had faced a problem,that is they have difficulty when moving themselves into cars. Hence, the height and the seat length of WHEE are adjustable. The elderly are more convenient to get into the car by sliding into it. WHEE is a environmental friendly product as it uses rechargable batteries which will not pollute the environment. Moreover, carbon fibre, the main materials used to make WHEE is also environmental friendly as it is recyclable. WHEE is a high technology product which will lead the society to a more advanced world as well as make immense improvement in economics. WHEE shall give more convenient to the elderly by fitted with fixed health check-up, medical examination and also seat belts which gives more protection to them.

Today, the increasing workload for teachers, especially time spent on management and administration, and the stress it places on their lives is a reason reported by many teachers for leaving the profession [Trevor Cobbold]. In this project, we are creating innovatively a booking system that can help teachers to save time and energy. This project is a system that help teachers to manage classes effectively. The “Alert LCD” is a booking system that will trigger students in class (by teachers’ instructions) if they are directed to go to other room. An LCD in class will show where the students should go and each room have a different sound. Teachers need to go into IP address given, to book room for their students. Room booking can be made at any time and at your fingertips. Surveys in questionnaire form had been distributed to teachers in SMK Hutchings and other schools to see whether this system can benefit them or not. From the questionnaire result, it showed that most of the respondent agreed that this system can benefit them and the school too.

“PICK & FLIP” is a portable computer bag which contains several useful things for a student during online classes. It’s constructed using two alternate core materials which are recycled cardboards and eco-friendly cloth. This tool is a potable and multipurpose computer bag which is given the name “PICK & FLIP”. Both materials are easily obtainable at the local stationary store with an economical cost. The recycled cardboard and computer bag is more robust compared to the common computer bag which is costly and easily breakable. The “PICK & FLIP” is designed to be used easily by students who is attends online classes. All the tools that we needed for online classes can be provided in a single bag. Besides that, the portable table is what makes our product stand out. “PICK & FLIP” is portable too, where we can carry and use it anywhere and anytime. 

Smart Interactive Revision Tool (SIRT) adalah salah satu media yang dapat membantu para pelajar untuk lebih memahami apa yang di ajar oleh guru selepas setiap sesi pembelajaran semasa Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran di Rumah (PDPR). Berbanding dengan kaedah manual, SIRT yang dibangunkan dengan aplikasi Tik Tok sememangnya dapat menarik perhatian pelajar sekaligus memudahkan mereka membuat ulangkaji dengan lebih berkesan. Ini adalah kerana para pelajar lebih berminat ke arah pembelajaran menggunakan telefon pintar dan selain daripada menggunakan aplikasi Tik Tok untuk tujuan hiburan, kini para pelajar boleh menggunakan aplikasi tersebut untuk kegiatan yang lebih berfaedah. SIRT di bangunkan oleh pelajar selepas sesi pengajaran sebagai nota ulangkaji. Para pelajar boleh berkongsi SIRT di kalangan rakan mereka malah SIRT yang dibangunkan tidak memerlukan sebarang kos dan boleh di kongsi secara percuma melalui aplikasi Tik Tok , Instagram, Youtube, Telegram dan WhatsApp. Apabila bilangan penonton menjadi ramai, pembangun SIRT boleh menjana pendapatan dengan berkongsi sesuatu yang berfaedah kepada orang ramai.

With our project, we intend to optimize safety while driving, minimize road accidents and provide a quick and efficient way for the user to reach their destination. Statistics show that there are 1.17 million deaths and 35 million injuries from the road accidents worldwide. It is now recognized that road traffic accidents represent a major public health problem due to high number of victims involved and the consequences for them and their families. Our project will meet with the sustainable development goals of climate action and sustainable cities and communities. Using GPS, data collection and artifical intelligence to help guide drivers through traffic and road ahead, while reducing carbon emissions due to reduction of time on the road and fuel consumption.

New research challenges the assumption that world’s food must double by 2050 to keep up with world population’s demand (Mitch Hunter, 2016). Human’s fears that the world’s cupboard may run bare in the coming decades.  Easy Marcot has been created to help the world by doubles the plants quickly and also to accelerate plant’s growth so that they can produce foods rapidly. The original ‘Marcotting Technique’ use a lot of skills and it is difficult to learn but with our innovation it will be easier. This product is based on the innovation of special reproduction technique ability to increase the rate of plant growth; at the same time creating new plants so that we can duplicate plants quickly and will get enough food supplies by 2050. Plus, it will also save space as the development is more advanced and the soils for plants are limited.

Penilaian secara manual di sekolah dicatatkan dalam buku kemajuan. Penilaian ini akan menyukarkan guru menyediakan soalan kepada pelajar. Oleh itu, sistem OQF4 dibangunkan dan boleh dicapai menggunakan pelayar web mengikut subjek tertentu supaya prestasi murid dapat dinilai oleh guru dengan mudah dan cepat. Antara objektif  ialah memastikan pelajar dan guru dapat mengggunakan sistem pengurusan pembelajaran tanpa masalah, merekod  maklumat yang diterima daripada pelajar, mengira prestasi pelajar berdasarkan markah yang diperolehi, menganalisis kesalahan pelajar untuk membaiki kelemahan mereka dengan cepat dan menyimpan maklumat pelajar yang menggunakan sistem ini.

Skop sistem ini adalah untuk mata pelajaran Sains Komputer yang mana corak soalan berbentuk aneka jenis dan ia mengira/memaparkan peratus markah pelajar. Sistem ini dibangunkan bagi mengatasi kekurangan dan masalah yang terdapat pada sistem yang sedia ada. Pembangunan sistem ini dapat menjimatkan masa, sumber dan kos guru sewaktu menyediakan soalan dan juga sewaktu pemarkahan . Oleh itu, pelajar dapat menilai prestasi dengan cepat dan bekesan. Dengan ini, guru dan pelajar akan mendapat kebaikan yang banyak daripada sistem ini.

Federal Constitution is the supreme law of the land in Malaysia. Ministry of higher education has introduced a general subject for all higher learning institutions and Pengajian Malaysia is one of them. The reason behind the introduction of this subject is to widen the knowledge of Malaysia in general to the students. However, the student's awareness and understanding of the federal constitution is still low. One of the reasons is the fact that teaching and learning of the constitution itself are often lengthy and unexciting. Hence this project aims to translate the Federal Constitution of Malaysia into a booklet with fun and exciting ways of learning about the constitution. For the purpose of this study only Part 1 of the federal constitution which includes The State, Religion, and Law of the Federation and Part 2 which is Fundamental Liberties will be used in the preparation of the booklet. Pengajian Malaysia is a part of a compulsory subject to be taken by students furthering their studies in any polytechnic and community college in Malaysia. This project aims to evaluate the acceptance of learning about the federal constitution via a booklet among community college students in Penang. There are in total of six community college in Penang and a total of 350 questionnaires has been distributed among all the six collage. A number of 323 respondents have participated in this project. The booklet uses fun and simple game-related technique to explain the selected part of the federal constitution to the students. The booklet also uses interactive practices to disseminate, deliver, and expose the students to information relating to the federal constitution of Malaysia. This is aligned with the Evolution of Education 5.0 and Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Malaysia education blueprint 2015-2025. This booklet is user-friendly and can be used as a tool to further strengthen the understanding of the federal constitution of Malaysia. The booklet explores the fun and exciting ways to learn facts contained in the federal constitution which typically will be taught in dull traditional teaching methods. In terms of its’ potential for commercialization, the booklet can be used not only in an academic setting but also very beneficial to the community at large.